σάρξ

σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ

[in LXX chiefly for בָּשָׂר ;]

flesh;

1. as in cl. generally,

(a) prop., of the soft substance of the animal body: 1 Kor 15,39, 2 Kor 12,7, Gal 6,13, al.; σ. καὶ αἷμα, 1 Kor 5,50 σ. καὶ ὀστέα, Luk 24,39 pl., of the flesh of many or parts of the flesh of one (cl.), Åb 17,16; 19,18; φαγεῖν, Re, ll. with (cf. κατεσθίειν, 2 Kong 9,36, al., and βιβρώσκειν, frequently in l.); metaphorically, Jak 5,3 mystically, φ. (τρώγειν) τὴν σ. τοῦ υἱοῦ τ. ἀνθρώπου, Joh 6,52-56;

(b) Of the whole substance of the body, = σῶμα: ApG 2,26 (LXX), 31, 2 Kor 12,7, Gal 4,14, Ef 5,29; μία σ., Mark 10,8 εἰς σ. μίαν (1 Mos 2,24), Matt 19,5, Mark 10,8, 1 Kor 6,16, Ef 5,31; hence, of the material as opposite to the immaterial part of man (cf. Lft., Notes, 88): opposite to πνεῦμα, 1 Kor 5,5, 2 Kor 7,1, Kol 2,5, 1 Pet 3,18; 4,6; to ψύχη, ApG 2,31, Rec.; of the present life, ἐν (τῇ) σ., Rom 7,5, Gal 2,20, Fil 1,22, 24 1 Pet 4,2; of Christ's life on earth, αἱ ἡμέραι τ. σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ, Hebr 5,7 of things pertaining to the body, ἐν (τῇ) σ., Gal 6,12, 13 Fil 3,3, 4.

2. As in Heb. idiom,

(a) of a living creature: πᾶσα σ. (Heb. כָּל־בָּשָׂר; cf. Bl., §47, 9), Matt 24,22, Mark 13,20, 1 Pet 1,24; esp. of man and his mortality (Psa.55 (56):5, Sir 28,5, al.), Joh 1,14; πᾶσα σ. (see supr.), Luk 3,6, Joh 17,2, ApG 2,17, ἐν σ., 1 Joh 4,2, 1 Tim 3,16;

(b) of natural origin and relationship (1 Mos 2,24, Es 58,7, al.): τέκνα τῆς σ., Rom 9,8 κατὰ σάρκα, ib. 3, 5, 1 Kor 10,18, Gal 4,23, 29; ἡ σ. μου, Rom 11,14 (cf. Dom 9,2, 2 Sam 5,1, al.).

3. Of the physical nature as subject to sensation and desire (Plut.),

(a) without any ethical disparagement: Rom 7,18; 13,14; opposite to πνεῦμα, Matt 26,41, Mark 14,38; τ. θέλημα τῆς σ., Joh 1,13 ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῆς σ., 1 Joh 2,16 pl., 2 Pet 2,18 παθεῖν σαρκί, 1 Pet 4,1

(b) in ethical sense, esp. in Pauline Epp., of the flesh as the seat and vehicle of sinful desires: opposite to νοῦς, Rom 7,25 to πνεῦμα, Rom 8,4-9, 12, 13, Gal 5,16, 17, 19; 6,8 (cf. DB, ii, 14f.; iv, 165f.; Cremer, 844ff.).