ὁ

ὁ, ἡ, τό,

the prepositive article (ἄρθρον προτακτικόν), originally a demonstr. pron. (so usually in Hom.), in general corresponding to the Eng. definite article.

I. As demonstr. pron.

1. As frequently in Hom., absol., he (she, it), his (etc.): ApG 17,28 (quoted from the poet Aratus).

2. Distributive, ὁ μὲν . . . ὁ δέ, the one . . . the other: 1 Kor 7,7, Gal 4,22; pl., ApG 14,4; 17,32, Fil 1,16, al.; οἱ μὲν . . . ἄλλοι δέ, Matt 16,14, Joh 7,12; οἱ μεν̀ . . . ὁδέ, Hebr 7,21, 23.

3. In narration (without ὁ μὲν preceding), ὁ δέ, but he: Matt 2,14, Mark 1,45, Luk 8,21, Joh 9,38, al. mult.

II. As prepositive article, the, prefixed,

1. to nouns unmodified: ὁ θεός, τὸ φῶς, etc.; to abstract nouns, ἡ σοφία, etc., to pl. nouns which indicate a class, οἱ ἀλώπεκες, foxes, Matt 8,20, al.; to an individual as representing a class, ὁ ἐργάτης, Luk 10,7 with nom. = voc. in addresses, Matt 11,26, Joh 19,3, Jak 5,1, al.; to things which pertain to one, ἡ χεῖρ, his hand, Mark 3,1 to names of persons well known or already mentioned; usually to names of countries (originally adjectives), ἡ Ἰουδαία, etc.

2. To modified nouns: with of person(s) pron. genitive, μοῦ, σοῦ, etc.; with poss. pron., ἐμός, σός, etc.; with adj. between the art. and the noun, ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος, Matt 12,35 the noun foll, by adj., both with art., ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός, Joh 10,11 (on ὁ ὄχλος πολύς, Joh 12,9, see M, Pr., 84); before adjectival phrases, ἡ κατ᾽ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις, Rom 9,11,

3. To Other parts of speech used as substantives;

(a) neuter adjectives: τ. ἀγαθόν, etc.;

(b) cardinal numerals: ὁ εἶς, οἷ δύο, etc.;

(with) participles: ὁ βαπτίζων (= ὁ Βαπτιστής, Matt 14,2), Mark 6,14; πᾶς ὁ, with ptcp., every one who, etc.;

(d) adverbs: τὸ πέραν, τὰ νῦν, ὁ ἔσω ἄνθρωπος;

(e) infinitives: nom., τὸ θέλειν, Rom 7,18, al.; genitive, τοῦ, after adjectives, ἄξιον τοῦ πορεύεσθαι, 1 Kor 16,4 verbs, ἐλαχεν τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι, Luk 1,9 and frequently in a final sense, ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρειν, Matt 13,3 (on the artic. inf., see Bl., §71).

4. In the neut. to sentences, phrases or single words treated as a quotation: τὸ Ἐι δύνῃ, Mark 9,23 τὸ ἔτι ἅπαξ, Hebr 12,27 τὸ ἀνέβη, Ef 4,9, al.

5. To prepositional phrases: οἱ ἀπὸ Ἰταλίας, Hebr 13,24 οἱ ἐκ νόμου, Rom 4,14 neut. accusative absol., in adverbial phrases, τὸ καθ᾽ ἡμέραν, daily, Luk 11,3 τὸ κατὰ σάρκα, as regards the flesh, Rom 9,5,

6. To nouns in the genitive, denoting kinship, association, etc.: ὁ τοῦ, the son of (unless context indicates a different relationship), Matt 10,2, al.; τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, the things that pertain to God, Matt 16,23 τὰ τῆς εἰρήνης, Rom 14,19 (cf. M, Pr., 81ff.; Bl, §§46, 47).