לֵבָב
Engelsk inner man, mind, will
I GT 259 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
לֵבָב251 noun masculineSl 104,15 inner man, mind, will, heart; — absolute ׳ל 5 Mos 28,28 + 31 t.; construct לִבַב 5 Mos 20,8 + 22 t.; suffix לְבָבִי Es 21,4 + 24 t.; לְבָֽבְךָ 5 Mos 4,29 + 35 t.; לְבָבֶ֑ךָ 5 Mos 4,39 + 21 t.; לְבָבֵךְ 1 Sam 1,8 + 3 t.; לְבָבוֺ 5 Mos 2,30 + 37 t.; לְבָבָהּ Sef 2,15 + 3 t.; לִבָבֵנוּ 5 Mos 1,28 + 3 t.; לְבַבְכֶם 5 Mos 10,16 + 37 t.; לְבָבָם 3 Mos 26,41 + 22 t.; plural with suffix לִבְבֵהֶן Nah 2,8 (Sta§ 353 a reads לְבַבְהֶן, but see Köii. 78); plural לְבָבוֺת 1 Kron 28,9. — The inner, middle, or central part: I. seldom of things בִּלְבַב יַמִּים in the Midst of the seas Jon 2,3 (poetry); עד לבב השׁמים unto the midst of heaven 5 Mos 4,11 (so ⅏ but ᵑ0 לב). II. usually of men:
1. the inner man in contrast with the outer, כלה שׁארי ולבבי my flesh and my heart (soul) doth fail Sl 73,26 antithesis with garments Joel 2,13 hands Sl 73,13; Klg 3,41 ?; eyes 4 Mos 15,39 (H) 1 Sam 16,7 ears Ezk 3,10 mouth 5 Mos 30,14 speech Sl 28,3; Sl 78,18 מְתֹפֲפֹת עַללִֿבְבֵהֶן tabering upon their breasts Nah 2,7 (inner for outer).
2. the inner man, indefinite the soul, comprehending mind, affections and will, or, in connection with certain verbs, having more specific reference to some one of them. בכללֿבב ובכלנֿפשׁ with all the heart and with all the soul 5 Mos 4,29; 5 Mos 6,5; 5 Mos 10,12; 5 Mos 11,13; 5 Mos 13,4; 5 Mos 26,16; 5 Mos 30,2; 5 Mos 30,6; 5 Mos 30,10; 5 Mos 23,14; 5 Mos 1,4; 5 Mos 8,48 (= 2 Kron 6,38 לב ?) 2 Kong 23,25; 2 Kron 15,12; 2 Kron 34,31 ( = 2 Kong 23,3 לב ?) Jer 32,41 abbreviated בכללֿבב 1 Sam 7,3; 1 Sam 12,20; 1 Sam 12,24; 1 Kong 14,8; 2 Kong 10,31; 2 Kron 15,5; 2 Kron 22,9; 2 Kron 31,21; Sl 86,12; Sl 111,1; Jer 29,13; Joel 2,12 אשׁר בלבב what is in the heart (mind) 5 Mos 8,2; 1 Sam 9,19; 1 Sam 14,7; 2 Sam 7,3 ( = 1 Kron 17,2) 2 Kong 10,30; 2 Kron 32,31 compare Job 10,13; Sl 84,6 (?); עם לבב with the heart (mind), with ידע 5 Mos 8,5, שִׂיחַ Sl 77,7, usually with היה, of a thought or purpose, 5 Mos 15,9; Jos 14,7; 1 Kong 8,17; 1 Kong 8,18 (twice in verse) ( = 2 Kron 6,7; 2 Kron 6,8 (twice in verse)) 2 Kron 10,2 ( = 2 Kron 9,1) 1 Kron 22,7; 1 Kron 28,2; 2 Kron 1,11; 2 Kron 29,10 (compare 2 Kron 24,4 לב); כלבב according to the heart 1 Sam 13,14; 1 Sam 14,7; Sl 20,7. We may add 5 Mos 5,26; 5 Mos 11,16; 5 Mos 11,18; 5 Mos 17,17; 1 Sam 2,35; 2 Sam 19,15; 1 Kong 8,39 (twice in verse) ( = 2 Kron 6,30 (twice in verse)) 2 Kron 11,2; 2 Kron 11,3 (לב an error) v2 Kron 11,4 v2 Kron 11,9; 1 Kron 12,17; 1 Kron 22,19; 1 Kron 28,9; Sl 62,9; Sl 86,11; Sl 139,23; Es 7,2; Dan 11,27; Dan 11,28.
3. specific reference to mind (characteristic of לבב):
\ \ a. אַנְשֵׁי לֵבָב men of mind Job 34,10; Job 34,34 גם לי לבב I also have a mind Job 12,3 ׳הוֺלֵלוֺת בִּל madness is in (their) mind Praed 9,3 (?); ,וַתִּגְנֹב לְבָבִי and thou didst steal my mind 1 Mos 31,26 (E, the לֵב of v1 Mos 31,20 should be corrected to לבב compare 'steal me' v1 Mos 31,27).
\ \ b. knowledge, with ידע 5 Mos 8,5; 5 Mos 23,14; 1 Kong 2,44 הבין Es 6,10; Es 32,4 חֲכַם לֵבָב wise of mind Job 9,4 לְבַב חָכְמָה mind of wisdom Sl 90,12.
\ \ c. thinking, reflection, with חשׁב Es 10,7; Zak 7,10; Zak 8,17 (שׂיּח Sl 77,7 above); ׳יצר מחשׁבות ל conception of thoughts of mind 1 Kron 29,18 ׳מַשְׂכִּיּוֺת ל imaginations of (their) mind Sl 73,7 ׳מוֺרָשֵׁי ל possessions (thoughts) of (my) mind Job 17,11 שׂם לבב set the mind, consider Hag 2,15; Hag 2,18 (twice in verse), with לְ 5 Mos 32,46, על Hag 1,5; Hag 1,7.
\ \ d. of memeory שׂם בלבב lay up in the mind 1 Sam 21,13; Job 22,22 ׳השׁיב אל ל lay to heart, call to mind 5 Mos 4,39; 5 Mos 30,1; 2 Kron 6,37 ( = 1 Kong 8,47 לב ?); ׳עלה על ל come upon the mind Jer 51,50; Ezk 38,10 (compare לֵב 3 d); ׳סוּר מל depart from the mind 5 Mos 4,9 ׳שׁמר בתוך ל keep in the midst of (thy) mind Ord 4,21 ׳על ל upon the mind 5 Mos 6,6.
\ \ a. אַנְשֵׁי לֵבָב men of mind Job 34,10; Job 34,34 גם לי לבב I also have a mind Job 12,3 ׳הוֺלֵלוֺת בִּל madness is in (their) mind Praed 9,3 (?); ,וַתִּגְנֹב לְבָבִי and thou didst steal my mind 1 Mos 31,26 (E, the לֵב of v1 Mos 31,20 should be corrected to לבב compare 'steal me' v1 Mos 31,27).
\ \ b. knowledge, with ידע 5 Mos 8,5; 5 Mos 23,14; 1 Kong 2,44 הבין Es 6,10; Es 32,4 חֲכַם לֵבָב wise of mind Job 9,4 לְבַב חָכְמָה mind of wisdom Sl 90,12.
\ \ c. thinking, reflection, with חשׁב Es 10,7; Zak 7,10; Zak 8,17 (שׂיּח Sl 77,7 above); ׳יצר מחשׁבות ל conception of thoughts of mind 1 Kron 29,18 ׳מַשְׂכִּיּוֺת ל imaginations of (their) mind Sl 73,7 ׳מוֺרָשֵׁי ל possessions (thoughts) of (my) mind Job 17,11 שׂם לבב set the mind, consider Hag 2,15; Hag 2,18 (twice in verse), with לְ 5 Mos 32,46, על Hag 1,5; Hag 1,7.
\ \ d. of memeory שׂם בלבב lay up in the mind 1 Sam 21,13; Job 22,22 ׳השׁיב אל ל lay to heart, call to mind 5 Mos 4,39; 5 Mos 30,1; 2 Kron 6,37 ( = 1 Kong 8,47 לב ?); ׳עלה על ל come upon the mind Jer 51,50; Ezk 38,10 (compare לֵב 3 d); ׳סוּר מל depart from the mind 5 Mos 4,9 ׳שׁמר בתוך ל keep in the midst of (thy) mind Ord 4,21 ׳על ל upon the mind 5 Mos 6,6.
4. specific reference to inclinations, resolutions determinations of the will (characteristic of ׳ל): ׳הכין ל set the mind, with אֶל 1 Sam 7,3; 1 Kron 29,18, לְ 2 Kron 20,33 לדרשׁ 2 Kron 19,3; 2 Kron 30,19; Ezr 7,10 אֶל׳הטה ל Jos 24,23 (E) 1 Kong 8,58 לדרשׁ ׳נתן ל 1 Kron 22,19, compare 2 Kron 11,16 פנה מעם ׳ל mind turn away from 5 Mos 29,17; 5 Mos 30,17 ׳פ ׳יֵהָפֵךְ ל Pharaoh's mind was changed 2 Mos 14,5 (E).
5. specific reference to conscience לא יחרף לבבי my heart (conscience) shall not reproach me Job 27,6.
6. specific reference to moral character (characteristic of ׳ל): God tries the ׳ל 1 Kron 29,17:
\ \ a. ׳ישֶׁר ל uprightness of heart 5 Mos 9,5; 1 Kron 29,17; Sl 119,7 (?); ׳יִשְׁרֵי ל 2 Kron 29,34 ׳יִשְׁרַת ל 1 Kong 3,6 יָשָׁר ׳ל 2 Kong 10,15 (3 t. in verse); ׳תָּסלֿ integrity of heart 1 Mos 20,5; 1 Mos 20,6 (E) 1 Kong 9,4; Sl 78,72; Sl 101,2 שָׁלֵם (עִםׅ ׳ל heart perfect (with) 1 Kong 8,61; 1 Kong 11,4; 1 Kong 15,3; 1 Kong 15,14 (= 2 Kron 15,17) 2 Kong 20,3 (= Es 38,3 לֵב ?) 1 Kron 12,39; 1 Kron 29,19; 1 Kron 2,9; 1 Kron 19,9; 1 Kron 25,2 ׳בַּרלֿ pure in heart Sl 24,4 ׳בָּרֵי ל Sl 73,1. We may add 2 Kong 22,19 = 2 Kron 34,27; Neh 9,8; Jer 32,40.
\ \ b. it is the seat of naughtiness 1 Sam 17,28 (?), erring Sl 95,10 is forward Sl 101,4.
\ \ c. seat of pride, Sl 101,5; Es 9,8; Es 10,12; Es 60,5 (?) Ezk 28,5; Ezk 28,6 (?) Dan 8,25 ׳רָם ל heart is lifted up 5 Mos 8,14; 5 Mos 17,20; Ezk 31,10; Dan 11,12.
\ \ d. is circumcised 5 Mos 10,16; 5 Mos 30,6; Jer 4,4, or uncircumcised 3 Mos 26,41 (H); is hardened ׳אמּץ ל 5 Mos 2,30; 5 Mos 15,7; 2 Kron 36,13 ׳כבּד ל 1 Sam 6,6 (?); ׳הקשׁה ל Sl 95,8.
\ \ a. ׳ישֶׁר ל uprightness of heart 5 Mos 9,5; 1 Kron 29,17; Sl 119,7 (?); ׳יִשְׁרֵי ל 2 Kron 29,34 ׳יִשְׁרַת ל 1 Kong 3,6 יָשָׁר ׳ל 2 Kong 10,15 (3 t. in verse); ׳תָּסלֿ integrity of heart 1 Mos 20,5; 1 Mos 20,6 (E) 1 Kong 9,4; Sl 78,72; Sl 101,2 שָׁלֵם (עִםׅ ׳ל heart perfect (with) 1 Kong 8,61; 1 Kong 11,4; 1 Kong 15,3; 1 Kong 15,14 (= 2 Kron 15,17) 2 Kong 20,3 (= Es 38,3 לֵב ?) 1 Kron 12,39; 1 Kron 29,19; 1 Kron 2,9; 1 Kron 19,9; 1 Kron 25,2 ׳בַּרלֿ pure in heart Sl 24,4 ׳בָּרֵי ל Sl 73,1. We may add 2 Kong 22,19 = 2 Kron 34,27; Neh 9,8; Jer 32,40.
\ \ b. it is the seat of naughtiness 1 Sam 17,28 (?), erring Sl 95,10 is forward Sl 101,4.
\ \ c. seat of pride, Sl 101,5; Es 9,8; Es 10,12; Es 60,5 (?) Ezk 28,5; Ezk 28,6 (?) Dan 8,25 ׳רָם ל heart is lifted up 5 Mos 8,14; 5 Mos 17,20; Ezk 31,10; Dan 11,12.
\ \ d. is circumcised 5 Mos 10,16; 5 Mos 30,6; Jer 4,4, or uncircumcised 3 Mos 26,41 (H); is hardened ׳אמּץ ל 5 Mos 2,30; 5 Mos 15,7; 2 Kron 36,13 ׳כבּד ל 1 Sam 6,6 (?); ׳הקשׁה ל Sl 95,8.
7. = the man himself (meaning characteristic of נֶפֶשׁ) ׳אמר בל say in the heart (to oneself) 5 Mos 7,17; 5 Mos 8,17; 5 Mos 9,4; 5 Mos 18,21; Sl 4,5; Es 14,3; Es 47,8; Es 49,21; Jer 5,24; Jer 13,22; Sef 1,12; Sef 2,15 ללבב Hos 7,2 (?); ׳דבר בל Sl 15,2 ׳ברכו בל Job 1,5 ׳התברך בל 5 Mos 29,18 יְחִי לְבַבְכֶם let your heart (you yourselves) live Sl 22,27; Sl 69,33 (compare Sl 119,175).
8. specifically as the seat of the appetites (for which usually נֶפֶשׁ) ׳סעד ל stay the heart (with food) Sl 104,15; Dom 19,8 (?); יִיטַב לְבָבֶ֑ךָ that thine heart may be merry (with wine) Dom 19,9 (?); יַיִן ׳יְשַׂמַּח ל wine gladdens the heart Sl 104,15.
9. specifically of seat of the emotions and passions (for which usually נפשׁ):
\ \ a. of joy Es 30,29; Jer 15,16; Ezk 36,5, gladness 5 Mos 28,47, desire Ord 6,25 (?); דבּר ׳על ל speak into the heart (comfortably) 2 Kron 32,6 (elsewhere לֵב).
\ \ b. of trouble 1 Kong 8,38; Sl 25,17; Sl 73,21 weakness, faintness 3 Mos 26,36 (H) 5 Mos 20,3; 5 Mos 20,18; 2 Kron 13,7; Es 1,5; Es 7,4; Jer 51,46, grief 5 Mos 15,10; 1 Sam 1,8 sorrow Sl 13,3, fear 5 Mos 28,67, dismay Es 21,4, astonishment 5 Mos 28,28, anger 5 Mos 19,6, hate 3 Mos 19,16 (H); ׳ימּס ל the heart melteth 5 Mos 20,8; Jos 2,11; Jos 5,1; Jos 7,5 (all D) Es 13,7; Es 19,1 ׳המס ל 5 Mos 1,28 (so read probably also Jos 14,8, where לֵב error).
\ \ a. of joy Es 30,29; Jer 15,16; Ezk 36,5, gladness 5 Mos 28,47, desire Ord 6,25 (?); דבּר ׳על ל speak into the heart (comfortably) 2 Kron 32,6 (elsewhere לֵב).
\ \ b. of trouble 1 Kong 8,38; Sl 25,17; Sl 73,21 weakness, faintness 3 Mos 26,36 (H) 5 Mos 20,3; 5 Mos 20,18; 2 Kron 13,7; Es 1,5; Es 7,4; Jer 51,46, grief 5 Mos 15,10; 1 Sam 1,8 sorrow Sl 13,3, fear 5 Mos 28,67, dismay Es 21,4, astonishment 5 Mos 28,28, anger 5 Mos 19,6, hate 3 Mos 19,16 (H); ׳ימּס ל the heart melteth 5 Mos 20,8; Jos 2,11; Jos 5,1; Jos 7,5 (all D) Es 13,7; Es 19,1 ׳המס ל 5 Mos 1,28 (so read probably also Jos 14,8, where לֵב error).
10. seat of courage (for which usually רוּחַ), יָעֵר כֹּחוֺ וּלְבָבוֺ stir up his power and his courage Dan 11,25 יַאֲמֵץ לְבַבְכֶם let your heart take courage Sl 31,25.
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רוּחַ BDB7797
רוּחַ378 noun feminine1 Mos 41,8 (less often masculine2 Mos 10,13 +) breath, wind, spirit; — absolute ׳ר 1 Mos 8,1 +, ר֑וּחָה Jer 52,23 construct רוּחַ 1 Mos 6,17 +; suffix רוּחִי v1 Mos 6,3 +, רוּחֲךָ Sl 104,30 +, etc.; plural רוּחוֺת vSl 104,4 +, רֻחוֺת Jer 49,36, רוּחֹת 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 26,16 (see Brרוח in O.T., JBL xix (1900), 132 ff., full statement of all passages); —
1. breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.):
\ \ a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15,30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19,17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Klg 4,20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10,14 = Jer 51,17, Hab 2,19; Sl 135,17 compare Job 9,18.
\ \ b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16,3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6,26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5,13.
\ \ c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםSl 33,6, compare Es 34,16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Es 11,4.
\ \ d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4,9; 2 Mos 15,8 (poem), 2 Sam 22,16 = Sl 18,16; Es 30,28; Es 59,19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Es 25,4.
\ \ e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life 1 Mos 6,17; 1 Mos 7,15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו 1 Mos 7,22 (P); Ezk 37,5, compare vEzk 37,6 vEzk 37,8 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,10 vEzk 37,14 (breath or spirit), Praed 3,19.
\ \ a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15,30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19,17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Klg 4,20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10,14 = Jer 51,17, Hab 2,19; Sl 135,17 compare Job 9,18.
\ \ b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16,3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6,26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5,13.
\ \ c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםSl 33,6, compare Es 34,16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Es 11,4.
\ \ d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4,9; 2 Mos 15,8 (poem), 2 Sam 22,16 = Sl 18,16; Es 30,28; Es 59,19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Es 25,4.
\ \ e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life 1 Mos 6,17; 1 Mos 7,15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו 1 Mos 7,22 (P); Ezk 37,5, compare vEzk 37,6 vEzk 37,8 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,10 vEzk 37,14 (breath or spirit), Praed 3,19.
2. wind (117 t.):
\ \ a. wind of heaven: 1 Mos 8,1 (P) 2 Mos 15,10 (E) 4 Mos 11,31 (J) 1 Kong 18,45 +, Jer 10,13, thence Jer 51,16; Sl 135,7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13,15; Es 40,7, compare Job 26,13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind 2 Mos 10,13 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 14,21 (J) Sl 48,8; Jer 18,17; Ezk 17,10; Ezk 19,12; Ezk 27,26; Jon 4,8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Ord 25,23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) 2 Mos 10,19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind 1 Mos 3,8 (J; compare Hoj 2,17; Hoj 4,6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49,36; Ezk 37,9 (quarters?) Dan 8,8; Dan 11,4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zak 2,10; Zak 6,5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Sl 107,25; Sl 148,8; Ezk 1,4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezk 13,11; Ezk 13,13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Sl 55,9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Es 11,15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2 Sam 22,11 = Sl 18,11; Sl 104,3, compare Hos 4,19; Sl 104,4.
\ \ b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezk 42,16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzk 42,17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzk 42,18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzk 42,19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzk 42,20; 1 Kron 9,24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52,23 on the sides.
\ \ c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14,6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41,8.
\ \ d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Es 26,18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Es 33,11 (Du, 3 c).
\ \ e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7,7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15,2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Es 41,29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Praed 1,14; Praed 2,11; Praed 2,17; Praed 2,26; Praed 4,4; Praed 4,6; Praed 6,9 compare Praed 1,17; Praed 4,16; Praed 5,15.
\ \ a. wind of heaven: 1 Mos 8,1 (P) 2 Mos 15,10 (E) 4 Mos 11,31 (J) 1 Kong 18,45 +, Jer 10,13, thence Jer 51,16; Sl 135,7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13,15; Es 40,7, compare Job 26,13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind 2 Mos 10,13 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 14,21 (J) Sl 48,8; Jer 18,17; Ezk 17,10; Ezk 19,12; Ezk 27,26; Jon 4,8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Ord 25,23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) 2 Mos 10,19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind 1 Mos 3,8 (J; compare Hoj 2,17; Hoj 4,6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49,36; Ezk 37,9 (quarters?) Dan 8,8; Dan 11,4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zak 2,10; Zak 6,5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Sl 107,25; Sl 148,8; Ezk 1,4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezk 13,11; Ezk 13,13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Sl 55,9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Es 11,15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2 Sam 22,11 = Sl 18,11; Sl 104,3, compare Hos 4,19; Sl 104,4.
\ \ b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezk 42,16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzk 42,17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzk 42,18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzk 42,19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzk 42,20; 1 Kron 9,24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52,23 on the sides.
\ \ c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14,6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41,8.
\ \ d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Es 26,18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Es 33,11 (Du, 3 c).
\ \ e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7,7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15,2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Es 41,29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Praed 1,14; Praed 2,11; Praed 2,17; Praed 2,26; Praed 4,4; Praed 4,6; Praed 6,9 compare Praed 1,17; Praed 4,16; Praed 5,15.
3. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):
\ \ a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1 Kong 10,5 = 2 Kron 9,4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1 Kong 21,5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ 1 Mos 45,27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Dom 15,19; 1 Sam 30,12.
\ \ b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Jos 5,1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Sl 76,13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Es 19,3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Sl 77,4; Sl 142,4; Sl 143,4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Jos 2,11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Ord 18,14.
\ \ c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Dom 9,23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Dom 8,3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Ord 16,32, compare Ord 25,28; Ord 29,11; Job 15,13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zak 6,8; Praed 7,9; Praed 10,4.
\ \ d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ 2 Mos 6,9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mik 2,7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Ord 14,29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32,18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32,8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21,4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mik 2,7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Praed 7,8.
\ \ e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled 1 Mos 41,8 (E) Dan 2,3, compare vDan 2,1 מֹרַת רוּחַ 1 Mos 26,35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Es 54,6, compare Ezk 3,14; Job 6,4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezk 21,12, compare Es 61,3; Ord 15,4; Ord 15,13; Ord 17,22; Ord 18,14; Sl 143,7.
\ \ g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1 Kron 5,26 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 21,16; 2 Kron 36,22; Ezr 1,1; Ezr 1,5; Jer 51,11; Hag 1,14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2 Kong 19,7 = Es 37,7; 4 Mos 14,24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2,15 (twice in verse); Mal 2,16; 5 Mos 2,30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition 4 Mos 5,14 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 5,30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4,12; Hos 5,4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםEs 19,14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Es 28,6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) 1 Mos 41,38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Ord 17,27.
\ \ h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹ4 Mos 27,18 (P; or g, as 1 Mos 41,38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2 Kong 2,15, compare v2 Kong 2,9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare 1 Mos 2,21; 1 Mos 15,12, but Di and others g, as Es 19,14) Es 29,10; Mik 2,11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zak 13,2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezk 13,3.
\ \ a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1 Kong 10,5 = 2 Kron 9,4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1 Kong 21,5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ 1 Mos 45,27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Dom 15,19; 1 Sam 30,12.
\ \ b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Jos 5,1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Sl 76,13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Es 19,3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Sl 77,4; Sl 142,4; Sl 143,4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Jos 2,11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Ord 18,14.
\ \ c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Dom 9,23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Dom 8,3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Ord 16,32, compare Ord 25,28; Ord 29,11; Job 15,13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zak 6,8; Praed 7,9; Praed 10,4.
\ \ d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ 2 Mos 6,9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mik 2,7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Ord 14,29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32,18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32,8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21,4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mik 2,7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Praed 7,8.
\ \ e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled 1 Mos 41,8 (E) Dan 2,3, compare vDan 2,1 מֹרַת רוּחַ 1 Mos 26,35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Es 54,6, compare Ezk 3,14; Job 6,4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezk 21,12, compare Es 61,3; Ord 15,4; Ord 15,13; Ord 17,22; Ord 18,14; Sl 143,7.
\ \ g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1 Kron 5,26 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 21,16; 2 Kron 36,22; Ezr 1,1; Ezr 1,5; Jer 51,11; Hag 1,14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2 Kong 19,7 = Es 37,7; 4 Mos 14,24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2,15 (twice in verse); Mal 2,16; 5 Mos 2,30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition 4 Mos 5,14 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 5,30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4,12; Hos 5,4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםEs 19,14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Es 28,6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) 1 Mos 41,38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Ord 17,27.
\ \ h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹ4 Mos 27,18 (P; or g, as 1 Mos 41,38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2 Kong 2,15, compare v2 Kong 2,9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare 1 Mos 2,21; 1 Mos 15,12, but Di and others g, as Es 19,14) Es 29,10; Mik 2,11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zak 13,2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezk 13,3.
4. spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, || נֶפֶשׁ (25 t.):
\ \ a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zak 12,1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27,3, compare Es 42,5.
\ \ b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10,12, compare Job 12,10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 27,16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Ord 16,2.
\ \ c. it is therefore God's spirit: 1 Mos 6,3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
\ \ d. it departs at death: Sl 78,39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Es 38,16 (Di principle of life), Sl 146,4 especially Sl 104,29; Sl 104,30; Job 17,1; Job 34,14 (compare vJob 34,15), Es 57,16; Praed 8,8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Praed 11,5, compare Praed 3,21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Praed 12,7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Sl 31,6.
\ \ e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4,15.
\ \ a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zak 12,1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27,3, compare Es 42,5.
\ \ b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10,12, compare Job 12,10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 27,16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Ord 16,2.
\ \ c. it is therefore God's spirit: 1 Mos 6,3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
\ \ d. it departs at death: Sl 78,39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Es 38,16 (Di principle of life), Sl 146,4 especially Sl 104,29; Sl 104,30; Job 17,1; Job 34,14 (compare vJob 34,15), Es 57,16; Praed 8,8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Praed 11,5, compare Praed 3,21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Praed 12,7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Sl 31,6.
\ \ e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4,15.
5. spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:
\ \ a. desire (possibly 3 g), Es 26,9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
\ \ b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7,11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1 Sam 1,15 see קָשֶׁה.
\ \ a. desire (possibly 3 g), Es 26,9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
\ \ b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7,11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1 Sam 1,15 see קָשֶׁה.
6. occasionally, (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, || לֵב, or synonym with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה 2 Mos 28,3; 5 Mos 34,9 (both P; probably 3 g); תּעֵי רוּחַ Es 29,24, compare Job 20,3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job's words), Sl 77,7 (ᵐ5 Symm ᵑ6 Jerome troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Es 40,13 come into mind (compare לֵב Es 65,17; Jer 3,16 +); 1 Kron 28,12.
7. rarely of the will; also = רוּחַ נָכוֺן לֵב Sl 51,12 (= לֵב נָכוֺן Sl 57,8 (twice in verse) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה vSl 51,14 נָָֽדְבָה רוּחוֺ 2 Mos 35,21 (P; compare נְדִיב לֵב 2 Mos 35,5; 2 Mos 35,22 (P) 2 Kron 29,31).
8. רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = ׃לֵב רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁהEzk 11,19; Ezk 18,31; Ezk 36,26 רוּחִי vEzk 36,27; Es 59,21 (רוּחִי, || דְּבָרַי; but probably prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ezk 18,31; Ezk 36,26 נְכֵה רוּחַ Es 66,2 דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Sl 34,19 (compare לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Es 57,15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Es 65,14 (compare 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרֶה Sl 51,19 (|| לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, compare נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Sl 34,19; Es 61,1); Sl 32,2; Ord 11,13; Ord 16,18; Sl 78,8; Praed 7,8 (compare גְּבַהּלֵב Ord 16,5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Ord 16,19; Ord 29,23; Es 57,15 רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים vEs 57,15 (compare 3 f).
9. spirit of God (94 t.; not D or Jeremiah or any Deuteronomic writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy probably discredited from abuse by false prophets, see נביא, נבא):
\ \ a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, 4 Mos 11,17; 4 Mos 11,25 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 11,26; 4 Mos 11,29 (J), 1 Sam 10,6; 1 Sam 10,10 (compare v1 Sam 10,5), 1 Sam 19,20; 1 Sam 19,23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1 Sam 16,15 (twice in verse); 1 Sam 16,16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1 Sam 16,14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1 Sam 18,10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1 Sam 19,9 ׳א ׳ר 1 Sam 16,23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1 Sam 16,23, compare הָרוּחַ 1 Kong 22,21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1 Kong 22,22 v1 Kong 22,23 = 2 Kron 18,20; 2 Kron 18,21; 2 Kron 18,22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1 Kong 22,24 = 2 Kron 18,23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9,7 ׳רוּחַ י Mik 3,8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Es 30,1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezk 2,2; Ezk 3,12; Ezk 3,14; Ezk 3,24; Ezk 8,3; Ezk 11,1; Ezk 11,5; Ezk 11,24 (Co gloss), Ezk 37,1; Ezk 43,5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1 Kong 18,12; 2 Kong 2,16.
\ \ b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably 4 Mos 24,2; 2 Sam 23,2; 1 Kron 12,18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2 Kron 15,1; 2 Kron 20,14; 2 Kron 24,20 distinctly in Isa2, Es 48,16, compare Es 61,1 so of ancient prophets, Zak 7,12; Neh 9,30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3,1; Joel 3,2.
\ \ c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Dom 3,10; Dom 11,29, compare Dom 6,34; Dom 13,25; Dom 14,6; Dom 14,19; Dom 15,14; 1 Sam 11,6; 1 Sam 16,13; 1 Sam 16,14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Es 32,15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Es 11,2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Es 42,1.
\ \ d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill 2 Mos 31,3; 2 Mos 35,31 (P); understanding Job 32,8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Ord 1,23.
\ \ e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם 1 Mos 1,2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33,4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Es 31,3 in cherubic chariot: Ezk 1,12, compare vEzk 1,20 vEzk 1,21; Ezk 10,17 reviving Israel Ezk 39,29; Zak 12,10; Es 44,3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Es 63,10; Es 63,11 = ׳י ׳ר vEs 63,14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vEs 63,9), compare Sl 106,33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Sl 51,13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9,20; Sl 143,10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2,5; Zak 4,6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Sl 139,7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vSl 139,8).
\ \ a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, 4 Mos 11,17; 4 Mos 11,25 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 11,26; 4 Mos 11,29 (J), 1 Sam 10,6; 1 Sam 10,10 (compare v1 Sam 10,5), 1 Sam 19,20; 1 Sam 19,23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1 Sam 16,15 (twice in verse); 1 Sam 16,16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1 Sam 16,14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1 Sam 18,10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1 Sam 19,9 ׳א ׳ר 1 Sam 16,23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1 Sam 16,23, compare הָרוּחַ 1 Kong 22,21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1 Kong 22,22 v1 Kong 22,23 = 2 Kron 18,20; 2 Kron 18,21; 2 Kron 18,22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1 Kong 22,24 = 2 Kron 18,23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9,7 ׳רוּחַ י Mik 3,8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Es 30,1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezk 2,2; Ezk 3,12; Ezk 3,14; Ezk 3,24; Ezk 8,3; Ezk 11,1; Ezk 11,5; Ezk 11,24 (Co gloss), Ezk 37,1; Ezk 43,5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1 Kong 18,12; 2 Kong 2,16.
\ \ b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably 4 Mos 24,2; 2 Sam 23,2; 1 Kron 12,18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2 Kron 15,1; 2 Kron 20,14; 2 Kron 24,20 distinctly in Isa2, Es 48,16, compare Es 61,1 so of ancient prophets, Zak 7,12; Neh 9,30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3,1; Joel 3,2.
\ \ c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Dom 3,10; Dom 11,29, compare Dom 6,34; Dom 13,25; Dom 14,6; Dom 14,19; Dom 15,14; 1 Sam 11,6; 1 Sam 16,13; 1 Sam 16,14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Es 32,15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Es 11,2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Es 42,1.
\ \ d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill 2 Mos 31,3; 2 Mos 35,31 (P); understanding Job 32,8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Ord 1,23.
\ \ e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם 1 Mos 1,2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33,4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Es 31,3 in cherubic chariot: Ezk 1,12, compare vEzk 1,20 vEzk 1,21; Ezk 10,17 reviving Israel Ezk 39,29; Zak 12,10; Es 44,3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Es 63,10; Es 63,11 = ׳י ׳ר vEs 63,14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vEs 63,9), compare Sl 106,33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Sl 51,13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9,20; Sl 143,10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2,5; Zak 4,6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Sl 139,7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vSl 139,8).
לְבַב BDB9635 · aramaisk
Forekomster pr. bog
Alle 236 vers
Versnumrene følger den hebraiske tekst og kan i enkelte bøger (fx Salmerne) afvige med et vers fra de danske.
5. Mosebog
2. Krønikebog
Salmernes Bog
Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.