Spring til indhold

לֵב

lêb Strong H3820 navneord

Engelsk inner man, mind will, heart

I GT 602 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)

Brown-Driver-Briggs

לֵב599 noun masculine Ord 23,15 ( feminine Ord 12,25, from influence of נֶפֶשׁ see De Now) inner man, mind will, heart, absolute and construct לֵב 1 Mos 8,21 + 239 t.; לֶבֿ 2 Mos 15,8 + 15 t.; suffix לִבִּי 1 Mos 24,45 + 102 t.; לִבְּךָ 2 Mos 9,14 + 28 t.; לִבֶּ֑ךָ Dom 19,6 + 25 t.; לִבֵּךְ Es 47,7 + 7 t.; לִבּוֺ 1 Mos 6,5 + 93 t.; לִבָּהּ Dom 19,3 + 7 t.; לִ בֵּנוּ Es 41,22 + 5 t.; לִבְּכֶם 1 Mos 8,5 + 2 t.; לִבָּם 1 Mos 42,28 + 56 t.; לִבָּן 2 Mos 35,26 לִבְּהֶן Ezk 13,17 plural לִבּוֺת Sl 7,10; Ord 15,11 + 3 t. Proverbs; suffix לִבֹּתָם Es 44,18 לִבּוֺתָם Sl 125,4. — inner part midst: I. seldom of things, בְּלֶביָֿם in the midst of the sea 2 Mos 15,8; Ord 23,34; Ord 30,19 בְּלֵב יַמִּים Sl 46,3; Ezk 27,4; Ezk 27,25; Ezk 27,26; Ezk 27,27; Ezk 28,2; Ezk 28,8 בלב האלה 2 Sam 18,14 בְּלֵב אֹיְבֵי in the midst of the enemies of Sl 45,2 (see BrMP on the passage; AV RV and others in the heart of). II. elsewhere of men:

1. the inner man in contrast with outer לבי ובשׂרי ירננו my heart and my flesh cry out Sl 84,3 || מעים Sl 22,15; Jer 4,19, the inner for outer מעים Jer 49,22 as within the breast על לב 2 Mos 28,3; 2 Mos 28,29; 2 Mos 28,30 (twice in verse) (P); מלב 2 Kong 9,24 בלב Sl 37,15; 2 Sam 18,14 סְגוֺד לִבָּם Hos 13,8 antithesis with בָּשָׂר Ord 14,30; Praed 2,3 head Es 1,5, face Ezk 14,3; Ezk 14,4; Ezk 14,7 arm Hoj 8,6 hands Ezk 22,14 bones Sl 102,5 eyes 1 Kong 9,3 (= 2 Kron 7,16) Jer 22,17 ear Ord 22,17; Ord 23,12 mouth Sl 55,22 lips Es 29,13 אֲנִי יְשֵׁינָה וְלִבִּי עֵר I slept but my heart waked Hoj 5,2.
2. the inner man, indefinite, soul, comprehending mind, affections and will, with occasional emphasis of one or the other by means of certain verbs: בכל לב 1 Kong 8,23 (= 2 Kron 6,14) Sl 9,2; Sl 119,2; Sl 119,10; Sl 119,34; Sl 119,58; Sl 119,69; Sl 119,145; Sl 138,1; Ord 3,5; Jer 3,10; Jer 24,7 עם לב 2 Kron 24,4 (see לבב 2); כלב 2 Sam 7,21 (= 1 Kron 17,19) Jer 3,15 תַּעֲלֻמוֺת לֵב secrets of the heart Sl 44,22 לֵב מְלָכִים אֵין חֵקֶר the heart of kings is unsearchable Ord 25,4 הַיֹּצֵר יַחַד לִבָּם Sl 33,15 etc.
3. specific reference to mind:
\ \ a. מִלֵּב of one's own mind 4 Mos 16,28; 4 Mos 24,13 (JE) 1 Kong 12,33; Neh 6,8; Ezk 13,2; Ezk 13,17 חֲסַר לֵב destitute of mind Ord 6,32; Ord 7,7; Ord 9,4; Ord 9,16; Ord 10,13; Ord 10,21; Ord 11,12; Ord 12,11; Ord 15,21; Ord 17,18; Ord 24,30 לִבּוֺ חָסֵר Praed 10,3 אֵין לֵב Jer 5,21; Hos 7,11 לב אין Ord 17,16 קנה לב get a mind Ord 15,32; Ord 19,8 כֹּחַ לב power of mind Job 36,5 רֹחַב לב breadth of mind 1 Kong 5,9, גנב לב 2 Sam 15,6; 1 Mos 31,20 (E? see לבב 3 a).
\ \ b. knowledge, with ידע 5 Mos 29,3; Ord 14,10; Ord 22,17; Praed 1,17; Praed 7,22; Praed 7,25; Praed 8,5; Praed 8,16; Jer 24,7 ראה Sl 66,18; Praed 1,16 חָכַם לב mind is wise Ord 23,15 לֵב חָכָם wise mind 1 Kong 3,12; Ord 16,23; Praed 8,5 חֲכַם לֵב 2 Mos 31,6; 2 Mos 35,10; 2 Mos 36,1; 2 Mos 36,2; 2 Mos 36,8 (P) Ord 10,8; Ord 11,29; Ord 16,21 חַכְמֵי לֵב 2 Mos 28,3 (P) Job 37,24 חכמת לב 2 Mos 35,25; 2 Mos 35,35 (P); לב חכמים Praed 7,4; Praed 10,2 לב כסילים Ord 12,23; Ord 15,7; Praed 7,4; Praed 10,2 with חכמה 2 Mos 36,2 (P) 1 Kong 10,24 (= 2 Kron 9,23) Ord 2,10; Ord 17,16; Praed 2,3 לֵב נָבוֺן intelligent mind Ord 14,33; Ord 15,14; Ord 18,15 with הבין Ord 8,5 תְּבוּנָה Ord 2,2 שָׂ֑כֶל Job 17,4 etc.
\ \ c. thinking, reflection, with חשׁב Sl 140,3; Ord 16,9 מחשׁבות 1 Mos 6,5 (J) Sl 33,11; Ord 6,18; Ord 19,21 compare 1 Mos 8,21 (J); הגה muse, study Ord 15,28; Ord 24,2; Es 33,18; Es 59,13 הגיון Sl 19,15 הָגוּת Sl 49,4 שׂם לב set the mind, consider Es 41,22; Ezk 44,5, with לְ 1 Sam 9,20; 2 Sam 13,20; Ezk 40,4; Ezk 44,5 אֶל 2 Mos 9,21 (J) 1 Sam 24,25; 2 Sam 18,3 (twice in verse); Job 2,3; Job 34,14 עַל Job 1,8 שׁת לב Sl 62,10; Ord 22,17; Ord 24,32, with לְ 2 Mos 7,23 (JE) 1 Sam 4,20; Sl 48,14; Ord 27,23; Jer 31,21, אֶל Job 7,17.
\ \ d. memory השׁיב אל לב call to mind Es 44,19; Klg 3,21 על לב Es 46,8 עלה על לב come into mind (occur to one) Es 65,17; Jer 3,16; Jer 7,31; Jer 19,5; Jer 32,35 (compare ApG 7,23), so בא על לב 2 Kron 7,11 שׂם על לב lay to heart Es 42,25; Es 47,7; Es 57,1; Es 57,11; Jer 12,11; Mal 2,2 (twice in verse); Dan 1,8 אל לב 2 Sam 13,33; 2 Sam 19,20 כתב על לב Jer 31,33 קשׁר על לב Ord 6,21 לוּחַ לֵב tablet of the memory Ord 3,3; Ord 7,3; Jer 17,1 נִשְׁכַּחְתִּי כְּמֵת מִלֵּב I am forgotten as a dead man out of mind Sl 31,13.
4. specific reference to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will; הכין לב set the mind 2 Kron 12,14; Sl 10,17; Sl 78,8; Job 11,13 נכון לב Sl 57,8 (twice in verse) ( = Sl 108,2) Sl 78,37; Sl 112,7 נתן לב לְ Praed 1,13; Praed 1,17; Praed 7,21; Praed 8,9; Praed 8,16; Ord 23,26; Dan 10,12 נתן אל לב Praed 7,2; Praed 9,1; Neh 2,12; Neh 7,5 (the 'heart' here not being the subject's), בלב 2 Mos 35,34 (P) Ezr 7,27; Praed 3,11 אֲשֶׁרנְֿשָׂאוֺ לִבּוֺ whose heart stirred him up 2 Mos 35,21; 2 Mos 36,2 compare 2 Mos 35,26 (all P); נְדִיב לֵב willing of mind 2 Mos 35,5; 2 Mos 35,22 (P) 2 Kron 29,31 compare 2 Mos 25,2; 2 Mos 35,29 (P); נטה לב אחריּ inclined to follow Dom 9,3; Sl 119,112 הטה לב 1 Kong 11,3; Sl 119,36; Sl 141,4 compare 2 Sam 15,13: — גְּדֹלִים חִקְקֵילֵֿב great resolves of heart Dom 5,15 etc.
5. specific reference to conscience, וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֺ and David's heart (conscience) smote him 1 Sam 24,6 מִכְשׁוֺל לֵב offence of conscience 1 Sam 25,31.
6. specific reference to moral character, God tries the heart Sl 17,3; Jer 12,3 sees the heart and reins Jer 20,12, tries them Sl 7,10; Jer 11,20, refines them Sl 26,2 searches the heart and tries the reins Jer 17,10.
\ \ a. ישֶׁרלִֿבִּי Job 33,3 יִשְׁרֵי לֵב Sl 7,11; Sl 11,2; Sl 32,11; Sl 36,11; Sl 64,11 (all with דָּוִד in title), Sl 94,15; Sl 97,11 לֵב שָׁלֵם 1 Kron 28,9; 1 Kron 29,9; Es 38,3 (all originally לבב, see לבב 6 a); נִשְׁבְּרֵילֵֿב broken of heart Sl 34,19; Es 61,1 לֵבנִֿשְׁבָּר Sl 51,19 שְׁבוּרֵי לֵב Sl 147,3 לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Es 57,15 לֵב טָהוֺר clean heart Sl 51,12 לֵב חָדָשׁ new heart Ezk 18,21; Ezk 36,26 (probably also Ezk 11,19 for אֶחָד see Co) etc.
\ \ b. לֵב רָע evil heart Ord 26,23 חַנְפֵילֵֿב godless in heart Job 36,13 עקּשׁ(י) לב perverse in heart Ord 11,20; Ord 17,20 תַּרְמִת לִבָּם deceit of their heart Jer 14,14; Jer 23,26 בלב ולב with a double heart Sl 12,3 etc.
\ \ c. seat of pride Ord 21,4; Jer 48,29; Jer 49,16; Hos 13,6; Ob 1,3 גְּבַהּלֵֿב Ord 16,5 גֹּבַהּ לב 2 Kron 32,26 גָּבַהּ לֵב 2 Kron 26,16; 2 Kron 32,25; Sl 131,1; Ord 18,12; Ezk 28,2; Ezk 28,17.
\ \ d. the heart is uncircumcised Jer 9,25; Ezk 44,7 (twice in verse); Ezk 44,9 and hardened: חזּק לב 2 Mos 4,21; 2 Mos 10,20; 2 Mos 10,27 (E), 2 Mos 9,12; 2 Mos 11,10; 2 Mos 14,4; 2 Mos 14,8; 2 Mos 14,17 (P), Jos 11,20 (D2 ?); יֶחֱזַק לֵב 2 Mos 7,13; 2 Mos 7,22; 2 Mos 8,15; 2 Mos 9,35 (P); חִזְקֵילֵֿב Ezk 2,4 הקשׁה לב 2 Mos 7,3 (P) Ord 28,14 קְשֵׁילֵֿב Ezk 3,7 הכביד לב 2 Mos 8,11; 2 Mos 8,28; 2 Mos 9,34; 2 Mos 10,1 (J); כָּבֵד לב 2 Mos 7,14; 2 Mos 9,7 (J); כּכּד לב 1 Sam 6,6 הַשְׁמֵן לֵבהָֿעָם הַזֶה make the heart of this people fat Es 6,10 (?); שְׁרִ(י)רוּת לֵב 5 Mos 29,18; Sl 81,13 after Jer 3,17; Jer 7,24; Jer 9,13; Jer 11,8; Jer 13,10; Jer 16,12; Jer 18,12; Jer 23,17 לב האבן the heart of stone Ezk 11,19; Ezk 36,26 etc.
7. for the man himself, אמר בלב 1 Mos 17,17 (P), 1 Mos 27,41 (JE), 1 Kong 12,26; Est 6,6; Sl 10,6; Sl 10,11; Sl 10,13; Sl 14,1 ( = Sl 53,2) Sl 35,25; Sl 74,8; Praed 2,1; Praed 2,15; Praed 3,17; Praed 3,18; Es 47,10; Ob 1,3; Zak 12,5 אֶללֿב 1 Mos 8,21 (J) 1 Sam 27,1 דבּר בלב Praed 2,15 אֶללֿב 1 Mos 24,45 (J); עַל לב 1 Sam 1,13 (?); עִם לב Praed 1,16 נְאֻםפֶּֿשַׁע לָרָשָׁע בְּקֶרֶב לִבִּי Sl 36,2.
8. as seat of appetites, סְעַד לב stay the heart (with bread) 1 Mos 18,5 (J) Dom 19,5.
9. as seat of the emotions and passions:
\ \ a. of joy and gladness, in various combinations of טוב, Dom 16,25; Dom 18,20; Dom 19,6; Dom 19,22; Rut 3,7; 1 Sam 25,36; 2 Sam 13,28; 1 Kong 8,66 ( = 2 Kron 7,10) 2 Kron 21,7; Est 1,10; Est 5,9; Ord 15,15; Praed 7,3; Praed 9,7; Praed 11,9; Es 65,14 various combinations of שׂמח, 2 Mos 4,14 (J) 1 Kron 16,10 ( = Sl 105,3) Sl 4,8; Sl 16,9; Sl 19,9; Sl 33,21; Ord 15,13; Ord 15,30; Ord 17,22; Ord 27,9; Ord 27,11; Praed 2,10 (twice in verse); Praed 5,19; Hoj 3,11; Es 24,7; Zak 10,7 שׂישׂ Sl 119,111; Es 66,14; Klg 5,15 עלץ 1 Sam 2,1 עלז Sl 28,7; Sef 3,14 רנן Job 29,13 גיל Sl 13,6; Sl 24,17; Zak 10,7 of desire, Sl 21,3; Sl 37,4 דבּר עַל לֵב speak unto the heart (kindly) 1 Mos 34,3; 1 Mos 50,21 (JE) Dom 19,3; 2 Sam 19,8; 2 Kron 30,22; Es 40,2; Hos 2,16; Rut 2,13.
\ \ b. of trouble 2 Kong 6,11; Es 65,14, sorrow Neh 2,2; Ord 14,3, pain Sl 55,5. vexation Praed 11,10, trembling 5 Mos 28,65 (?) 1 Sam 28,3, faintness Klg 5,17 it is wounded Sl 109,22 dies within one out of fear 1 Sam 25,37 etc.; לב נמס the heart melteth (in fear) 2 Sam 17,10; Sl 22,15; Ezk 21,12; Nah 2,11.
10. seat of courage: יַאֲמֵץ לִבֶּ֑ךָ let thine heart take courage Sl 27,14 אַמִּיץ לִבּוֺ Amos 2,16 אַבִּירֵי לֵב stout-hearted Sl 76,6; Es 46,12 לִבּוֺ יָצוּק כְּמוֺאֶֿבֶן his heart as firm as a stone Job 41,16 לִבוֺ כְּלֵב הָאַרְיֵה his heart as the heart of the lion 2 Sam 17,10.

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לִבָּה BDB4296

[לִבָּה] suffix לִבָּתֵךְ Ezk 16,30 should be corrected to לִבְרִיתֵךְ (see Co). > older view, as feminine of לֵבּ.

רוּחַ BDB7797

רוּחַ378 noun feminine1 Mos 41,8 (less often masculine2 Mos 10,13 +) breath, wind, spirit; — absolute ׳ר 1 Mos 8,1 +, ר֑וּחָה Jer 52,23 construct רוּחַ 1 Mos 6,17 +; suffix רוּחִי v1 Mos 6,3 +, רוּחֲךָ Sl 104,30 +, etc.; plural רוּחוֺת vSl 104,4 +, רֻחוֺת Jer 49,36, רוּחֹת 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 26,16 (see Brרוח in O.T., JBL xix (1900), 132 ff., full statement of all passages); —

1. breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.):
\ \ a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15,30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19,17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Klg 4,20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10,14 = Jer 51,17, Hab 2,19; Sl 135,17 compare Job 9,18.
\ \ b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16,3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6,26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5,13.
\ \ c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםSl 33,6, compare Es 34,16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Es 11,4.
\ \ d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4,9; 2 Mos 15,8 (poem), 2 Sam 22,16 = Sl 18,16; Es 30,28; Es 59,19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Es 25,4.
\ \ e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life 1 Mos 6,17; 1 Mos 7,15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו 1 Mos 7,22 (P); Ezk 37,5, compare vEzk 37,6 vEzk 37,8 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,10 vEzk 37,14 (breath or spirit), Praed 3,19.
2. wind (117 t.):
\ \ a. wind of heaven: 1 Mos 8,1 (P) 2 Mos 15,10 (E) 4 Mos 11,31 (J) 1 Kong 18,45 +, Jer 10,13, thence Jer 51,16; Sl 135,7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13,15; Es 40,7, compare Job 26,13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind 2 Mos 10,13 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 14,21 (J) Sl 48,8; Jer 18,17; Ezk 17,10; Ezk 19,12; Ezk 27,26; Jon 4,8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Ord 25,23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) 2 Mos 10,19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind 1 Mos 3,8 (J; compare Hoj 2,17; Hoj 4,6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49,36; Ezk 37,9 (quarters?) Dan 8,8; Dan 11,4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zak 2,10; Zak 6,5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Sl 107,25; Sl 148,8; Ezk 1,4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezk 13,11; Ezk 13,13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Sl 55,9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Es 11,15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2 Sam 22,11 = Sl 18,11; Sl 104,3, compare Hos 4,19; Sl 104,4.
\ \ b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezk 42,16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzk 42,17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzk 42,18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzk 42,19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzk 42,20; 1 Kron 9,24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52,23 on the sides.
\ \ c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14,6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41,8.
\ \ d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Es 26,18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Es 33,11 (Du, 3 c).
\ \ e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7,7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15,2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Es 41,29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Praed 1,14; Praed 2,11; Praed 2,17; Praed 2,26; Praed 4,4; Praed 4,6; Praed 6,9 compare Praed 1,17; Praed 4,16; Praed 5,15.
3. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):
\ \ a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1 Kong 10,5 = 2 Kron 9,4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1 Kong 21,5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ 1 Mos 45,27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Dom 15,19; 1 Sam 30,12.
\ \ b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Jos 5,1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Sl 76,13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Es 19,3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Sl 77,4; Sl 142,4; Sl 143,4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Jos 2,11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Ord 18,14.
\ \ c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Dom 9,23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Dom 8,3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Ord 16,32, compare Ord 25,28; Ord 29,11; Job 15,13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zak 6,8; Praed 7,9; Praed 10,4.
\ \ d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ 2 Mos 6,9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mik 2,7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Ord 14,29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32,18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32,8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21,4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mik 2,7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Praed 7,8.
\ \ e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled 1 Mos 41,8 (E) Dan 2,3, compare vDan 2,1 מֹרַת רוּחַ 1 Mos 26,35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Es 54,6, compare Ezk 3,14; Job 6,4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezk 21,12, compare Es 61,3; Ord 15,4; Ord 15,13; Ord 17,22; Ord 18,14; Sl 143,7.
\ \ g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1 Kron 5,26 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 21,16; 2 Kron 36,22; Ezr 1,1; Ezr 1,5; Jer 51,11; Hag 1,14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2 Kong 19,7 = Es 37,7; 4 Mos 14,24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2,15 (twice in verse); Mal 2,16; 5 Mos 2,30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition 4 Mos 5,14 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 5,30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4,12; Hos 5,4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםEs 19,14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Es 28,6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) 1 Mos 41,38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Ord 17,27.
\ \ h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹ4 Mos 27,18 (P; or g, as 1 Mos 41,38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2 Kong 2,15, compare v2 Kong 2,9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare 1 Mos 2,21; 1 Mos 15,12, but Di and others g, as Es 19,14) Es 29,10; Mik 2,11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zak 13,2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezk 13,3.
4. spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, || נֶפֶשׁ (25 t.):
\ \ a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zak 12,1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27,3, compare Es 42,5.
\ \ b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10,12, compare Job 12,10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 27,16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Ord 16,2.
\ \ c. it is therefore God's spirit: 1 Mos 6,3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
\ \ d. it departs at death: Sl 78,39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Es 38,16 (Di principle of life), Sl 146,4 especially Sl 104,29; Sl 104,30; Job 17,1; Job 34,14 (compare vJob 34,15), Es 57,16; Praed 8,8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Praed 11,5, compare Praed 3,21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Praed 12,7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Sl 31,6.
\ \ e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4,15.
5. spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:
\ \ a. desire (possibly 3 g), Es 26,9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
\ \ b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7,11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1 Sam 1,15 see קָשֶׁה.
6. occasionally, (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, || לֵב, or synonym with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה 2 Mos 28,3; 5 Mos 34,9 (both P; probably 3 g); תּעֵי רוּחַ Es 29,24, compare Job 20,3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job's words), Sl 77,7 (ᵐ5 Symm ᵑ6 Jerome troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Es 40,13 come into mind (compare לֵב Es 65,17; Jer 3,16 +); 1 Kron 28,12.
7. rarely of the will; also = רוּחַ נָכוֺן לֵב Sl 51,12 (= לֵב נָכוֺן Sl 57,8 (twice in verse) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה vSl 51,14 נָָֽדְבָה רוּחוֺ 2 Mos 35,21 (P; compare נְדִיב לֵב 2 Mos 35,5; 2 Mos 35,22 (P) 2 Kron 29,31).
8. רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = ׃לֵב רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁהEzk 11,19; Ezk 18,31; Ezk 36,26 רוּחִי vEzk 36,27; Es 59,21 (רוּחִי, || דְּבָרַי; but probably prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ezk 18,31; Ezk 36,26 נְכֵה רוּחַ Es 66,2 דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Sl 34,19 (compare לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Es 57,15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Es 65,14 (compare 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרֶה Sl 51,19 (|| לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, compare נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Sl 34,19; Es 61,1); Sl 32,2; Ord 11,13; Ord 16,18; Sl 78,8; Praed 7,8 (compare גְּבַהּלֵב Ord 16,5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Ord 16,19; Ord 29,23; Es 57,15 רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים vEs 57,15 (compare 3 f).
9. spirit of God (94 t.; not D or Jeremiah or any Deuteronomic writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy probably discredited from abuse by false prophets, see נביא, נבא):
\ \ a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, 4 Mos 11,17; 4 Mos 11,25 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 11,26; 4 Mos 11,29 (J), 1 Sam 10,6; 1 Sam 10,10 (compare v1 Sam 10,5), 1 Sam 19,20; 1 Sam 19,23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1 Sam 16,15 (twice in verse); 1 Sam 16,16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1 Sam 16,14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1 Sam 18,10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1 Sam 19,9 ׳א ׳ר 1 Sam 16,23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1 Sam 16,23, compare הָרוּחַ 1 Kong 22,21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1 Kong 22,22 v1 Kong 22,23 = 2 Kron 18,20; 2 Kron 18,21; 2 Kron 18,22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1 Kong 22,24 = 2 Kron 18,23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9,7 ׳רוּחַ י Mik 3,8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Es 30,1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezk 2,2; Ezk 3,12; Ezk 3,14; Ezk 3,24; Ezk 8,3; Ezk 11,1; Ezk 11,5; Ezk 11,24 (Co gloss), Ezk 37,1; Ezk 43,5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1 Kong 18,12; 2 Kong 2,16.
\ \ b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably 4 Mos 24,2; 2 Sam 23,2; 1 Kron 12,18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2 Kron 15,1; 2 Kron 20,14; 2 Kron 24,20 distinctly in Isa2, Es 48,16, compare Es 61,1 so of ancient prophets, Zak 7,12; Neh 9,30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3,1; Joel 3,2.
\ \ c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Dom 3,10; Dom 11,29, compare Dom 6,34; Dom 13,25; Dom 14,6; Dom 14,19; Dom 15,14; 1 Sam 11,6; 1 Sam 16,13; 1 Sam 16,14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Es 32,15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Es 11,2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Es 42,1.
\ \ d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill 2 Mos 31,3; 2 Mos 35,31 (P); understanding Job 32,8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Ord 1,23.
\ \ e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם 1 Mos 1,2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33,4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Es 31,3 in cherubic chariot: Ezk 1,12, compare vEzk 1,20 vEzk 1,21; Ezk 10,17 reviving Israel Ezk 39,29; Zak 12,10; Es 44,3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Es 63,10; Es 63,11 = ׳י ׳ר vEs 63,14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vEs 63,9), compare Sl 106,33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Sl 51,13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9,20; Sl 143,10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2,5; Zak 4,6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Sl 139,7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vSl 139,8).

לֵב BDB9636 · aramaisk

[לֵב] noun [masculine] id. (Biblical Hebrew id.; so ᵑ7 Syriac; Egyptian Aramaic, Lzb301 = Cooke76 A 6); — suffix לִבִּי Dan 7,28.

Forekomster pr. bog

1 Mos 12 2 Mos 41 4 Mos 4 5 Mos 4 Jos 2 Dom 13 Rut 2 1 Sam 16 2 Sam 15 1 Kong 14 2 Kong 6 1 Kron 7 2 Kron 16 Ezr 2 Neh 6 Est 4 Job 20 Sl 99 Ord 95 Praed 34 Hoj 3 Es 30 Jer 51 Klg 9 Ezk 32 Dan 3 Hos 9 Amos 1 Ob 1 Nah 1 Sef 1 Zak 3 Mal 2
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1. Mosebog

2. Mosebog

4. Mosebog

5. Mosebog

Josvas Bog

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Ruts Bog

1. Samuelsbog

2. Samuelsbog

1. Kongebog

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Esters Bog

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Ordsprogenes Bog

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Højsangen

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Klagesangene

Ezekiels Bog

Daniels Bog

Hoseas' Bog

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Obadias' Bog

Nahums Bog

Sefanias' Bog

Zakarias' Bog

Malakias' Bog

Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.