טָהֵר

Qal Perfect ׳ט 3 Mos 11,32 + 12 t.; 3 feminine singular טָֽהֲרָה 3 Mos 12,7; 3 Mos 15,28 טָהֵ֑רָה 3 Mos 12,8 etc., + 5 t. Perfect; Imperfect יִטְהַר 3 Mos 15,13; Job 4,17 etc., + 9 t. Imperfect; Imperative טְהָ֑ר 2 Kong 5,10; 2 Kong 5,13 —

1. be clean, i.e. (miraculously) freed from leprosy by washing in the Jordan 2 Kong 5,10; 2 Kong 5,12; 2 Kong 5,13; 2 Kong 5,14.

2. be clean ceremonially (only H P), 3 Mos 15,13; 3 Mos 15,28 (twice in verse) (P), 3 Mos 22,4 (H); by washing with water, the flesh 3 Mos 22,7 (H); garments 3 Mos 13,6; 3 Mos 13,34; 3 Mos 13,58; 4 Mos 31,24 (all P); both flesh and garments 3 Mos 17,5 (H), 3 Mos 14,8; 3 Mos 14,9; 3 Mos 15,13; 4 Mos 19,19 (all P); other articles 3 Mos 11,32 (P); passing things through the fire 4 Mos 31,23 (P); offering sin-offerings 3 Mos 12,7; 3 Mos 12,8; 3 Mos 14,20 (P); by the ceremony of the two birds 3 Mos 14,53 (P); by ashes of red heifer 4 Mos 19,12 (twice in verse) (P).

3. be clean morally, of people, made clean by ׳י's scattering clean water upon them Ezk 36,25 of Jerusalem, specifically made clean from idolatry, under figure of adultery Jer 13,27 also followed by מִן Ezk 24,13 (twice in verse) (purification by ׳י); made clean מִכָּלחַֿטּאֹתֵיכֶם 3 Mos 16,30 (P; by the sin-offering of the atonement day); also of the individual, be clean מֵחַטָּאוֺת Ord 20,9 (|| זכה); become clean by use of hyssop Sl 51,9 (|| אַלְבִּין); more generally אִםמֵֿעשֵֹׁהוּ יִטְהַרגָּֿ֑בֶר Job 4,17 shall a man be more pure than his maker? (|| יִצְדָּ֑ק). Pi`el Perfect טִהַר 3 Mos 13,3 + 4 t.; suffix טִהֲרוֺ 3 Mos 13,6 + 5 t.; 2 masculine singular טִהַרְתָּ 4 Mos 8,6; 4 Mos 8,15 etc. + 7 t. Perfect; Imperfect; יְטַהֵר 2 Kron 34,5 etc. + 4 t. Imperfect; Imperative suffix טַהֲרֵנִי Sl 51,4 Infinitive construct טַהֵר Ezk 39,12 + 5 t.; suffix טַהֲרִי Ezk 36,33 etc. + 4 t. Infinitive; Participle מְטַחֵר 3 Mos 14,11; Mal 3,3 — chiefly P;

1. cleanse, purify:
\ \ a. physically, metals from dross Mal 3,3 land from corpses Ezk 39,12; Ezk 39,14; Ezk 39,16 heavens from clouds Job 37,21 temple from unclean things 2 Kron 29,15; 2 Kron 29,16; 2 Kron 29,18 land and city from Asherim and images 2 Kron 34,3; 2 Kron 34,5; 2 Kron 34,8 store-chambers of temple from household stuff Neh 13,9 priesthood by exclusion of alien blood Neh 13,30.
\ \ b. ceremonially, the altar of incense by the blood of the annual sin-offering 3 Mos 16,19 (P); the people, gates, and wall (by some undefined ceremony) Neh 12,30 the altar of the court by the blood of sin-offerings Ezk 43,26 of consecration of Levites by מֵי חטאת 4 Mos 8,6; 4 Mos 8,7 (P), and חטאת 4 Mos 8,15; 4 Mos 8,21 (P).
\ \ c. morally 3 Mos 16,30 (P), Ezk 37,23; Mal 3,3 מֵחַטָּאֹת Sl 51,4 מֵעונ(ותׅ Jer 33,8; Ezk 36,33 מִטּמא(ו)ת Ezk 24,13; Ezk 36,25.

2. pronounce clean, ceremonially 3 Mos 13,6; 3 Mos 13,13; 3 Mos 13,17; 3 Mos 13,23; 3 Mos 12,28; 3 Mos 13,34; 3 Mos 13,37; 3 Mos 13,59; 3 Mos 14,7; 3 Mos 14,48 (all P).

3. perform the ceremony of cleansing 3 Mos 14,11 (P). Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular טֹהַר 1 Sam 20,26 (so. read for ᵑ0 טהור ᵐ5 We Dr, he is not clean, because he hath not been cleansed); Participle אֶרֶץ לֹא מְטֹהָרָה a land not cleansed Ezk 22,24 (but ᵐ5 Hi Ew Co SS read a land not rained upon, see מטר). Hithpa`el Perfect 3 plural הִטָּֽהֲרוּ Ezr 6,20 הִטֶּהָ֑רוּ (Kö^{i. 271}) 2 Kron 30,18; 4 Mos 8,7 1 plural הִטַּהַרְנוּ Jos 22,17 Imperfect יִטָּֽהֲרוּ Neh 12,30 Imperative הִטָּֽהֲרוּ 1 Mos 35,2 Participle מִטַּהֵר 3 Mos 14,7 + 11 t.; plural מִטַּהֲרִים Neh 13,22; Es 66,17 — reflexive:

1. purify oneself:
\ \ a. ceremonially, especially in preparation for sacred duties 1 Mos 35,2 (R), 4 Mos 8,7; 2 Kron 30,18; Ezr 6,20; Neh 13,22 also for heathen mysteries Es 66,17 of purifying priests, people, and wall Neh 12,30 (compare Pi`el 1 b).
\ \ b. morally Jos 22,17 (P).

2. present oneself for purification, only participle הַמִּטַּהֵר the candidate for purification 3 Mos 14,4; 3 Mos 14,7; 3 Mos 14,8; 3 Mos 14,11; 3 Mos 14,14; 3 Mos 14,17; 3 Mos 14,18; 3 Mos 14,19; 3 Mos 14,25; 3 Mos 14,28; 3 Mos 14,29; 3 Mos 14,31 (P).