הָרָר
Engelsk mountain, hill, hill-country
Brown-Driver-Briggs
הַר558 noun masculine1 Mos 7,19 mountain, hill, hill-country (Late Hebrew id., plural הָרִים, הֲרָרִים; Phoenician הר CISi. 3, 17; Sabean suffix הרתהמו DHMZMG 1876, 673); — ׳ה absolute Jos 17,18 +; with article הָהָר 2 Mos 3,12 +; with ָ ה locative הֶ֫רָה 1 Mos 14,10, הָהָ֫רָה 1 Mos 12,8 + 12 t.; construct הַר 1 Mos 10,30 +; suffix הַרֲרִי Sl 30,8, הֲרָרִי Jer 17,3 הַרְכֶם Sl 11,1 הַרֲרָם 1 Mos 14,6 plural הָרִים 5 Mos 11,11 +; with article הֶהָרִים 1 Mos 7,19 +; construct הָרֵי 1 Mos 8,4 + 27 t.; הַרֲרֵי 5 Mos 33,15 + 8 t. (all poetry); suffix הָרַי Es 14,25; Es 49,11; Zak 14,5 + Ezk 38,21 (B Co חרדה), הָרָ֑י Es 65,9 הָרָיו Ezk 35,8; Mal 1,3 הֲרָרֶיהָ 5 Mos 8,9 —
1. mountain, hill (these often not sharply distinguished, but):
\ \ a. specifically mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature; — e. g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) 2 Mos 19,11; 2 Mos 19,18; 2 Mos 19,20; 2 Mos 19,23; 2 Mos 24,16; 2 Mos 31,18; 2 Mos 34,2; 2 Mos 34,4; 2 Mos 34,29; 2 Mos 34,32; 3 Mos 7,38; 3 Mos 25,1; 3 Mos 26,46; 3 Mos 27,34; 4 Mos 3,1; 4 Mos 28,6; Neh 9,13 (see סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., 2 Mos 19,2 + 10 t. 2 Mos 19,1–200 (2 Mos 19,18 read הָעָם, so Manuscripts ᵐ5 Di) 2 Mos 20,18; 2 Mos 24,4 + 6 t. 2 Mos 24,1–200; 2 Mos 25,40; 2 Mos 26,30; 2 Mos 27,8; 2 Mos 32,1; 2 Mos 32,15; 2 Mos 32,19; 2 Mos 34,2; 2 Mos 34,3 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 34,29 = הֵר חוֺרֵב 2 Mos 33,6 (see חֹרֵב), also אֶלהַֿר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה 2 Mos 3,1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1 Kong 19,8 further הָהָר = id., 5 Mos 4,11 (twice in verse); 5 Mos 5,4; 5 Mos 5,5; 5 Mos 5,19; 5 Mos 5,20; 5 Mos 9,9 + 10 t. 5 Mos 9,1–200. 10, 1 Kong 19,11 = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים 2 Mos 4,27; 2 Mos 18,5; 2 Mos 24,13 (all J E) = הַר יחוה 4 Mos 10,33 (compare Di); see further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) 4 Mos 20,22 + 10 t. Numbers; 5 Mos 32,50 = חָחָר 4 Mos 20,28 (twice in verse); הַר נְבוֺ 5 Mos 32,49; 5 Mos 34,1 = הָהָר 5 Mos 32,50 = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה 4 Mos 27,12; 5 Mos 32,49, compare (לִפְנֵי נְבוֺ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים 4 Mos 33,47; 4 Mos 33,48 הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim 5 Mos 11,29; 5 Mos 27,12; Jos 8,33 ראֹשׁ הַרגְּֿרִזִּים Dom 9,7 הַר עֵֹיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal 5 Mos 11,29; 5 Mos 27,4; 5 Mos 24,13; Jos 8,30; Jos 8,33 also הַר חֶרְמוֺן Mt. Hermon 5 Mos 3,8; Jos 11,17; Jos 12,1; Jos 12,5; Jos 13,5; Jos 13,11; 1 Kron 5,23 compare 5 Mos 4,48 הַר שִׂיאֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֺן (see חֶרְמוֺן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֺן (see id., & בעל חרמון below בעל); הַר חַלְּבָנוֺן Mt. Lebanon Dom 3,3, compare מְרוֺם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֺן 2 Kong 19,23 = Es 37,24 (see לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1 Kong 18,19; 1 Kong 18,20; 2 Kong 2,25; 2 Kong 4,25 (see כרמל); הָהָר = id., 2 Kong 4,27, apparently also 2 Kong 1,9 הַר תָּבוֺר Mt. Tabor, Dom 4,6; Dom 4,12; Dom 4,14, compare Jer 46,18 תָּבוֺר בֶּהָרִים (opposed to כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1 Sam 31,1; 1 Sam 31,8; 2 Sam 1,6, also (poetry) ׳הָרֵי בַּגּ v2 Sam 1,21 (compare Dr); הַרחֶֿרֶס Dom 1,35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) compare חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zak 14,4 (twice in verse) Mount of Olives, (opposed to גֵּיא) compare הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ezk 11,23 also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַלפְּֿנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1 Kong 11,7 (place of Solomon's idolatry) = הַרהַֿמַּשְׁחִית 2 Kong 23,13 mountain of the destroyer (same combination in another, figurative sense Jer 51,25), others derive ׳הַמ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talmud, Shabb. 56 b), compare HoffmZAW 1882, 175; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah 1 Mos 22,2 mountains about Jerusalem in general, יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ Sl 125,2 compare also Sl 121,1 (|| יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerusalem Es 22,5 of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mik 3,12 = Jer 26,18 ׳הַר בֵּיתיֿ Es 2,2 = Mik 4,1; 2 Kron 33,15 also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Jer 17,3 further הַר צִיּוֺן Mt. Zion Es 4,5; Es 8,18; Es 10,12; Es 18,7; Es 24,23; Es 29,8; Es 31,4; Es 37,32; Mik 4,7; Klg 5,18; Ob 1,17. Joel 3,5; Sl 48,3; Sl 48,12; Sl 74,2; Sl 78,68; Sl 125,1 (see also צִיּוֺן); compare הַר בַּ֯יתצִֿיּוֺן Es 10,32, ׳הַר בַּת צ Es 16,1 ׳הַריֿ Es 2,3 = Mik 4,2; Es 30,29; Sl 24,3 (id. of Horeb 4 Mos 10,33 J E); צְבָאוֺת ׳הַריֿ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zak 8,3, הַרקָֿדְשִׁי Sef 3,11; Ob 1,16; Ezk 20,40; Es 11,9 = Es 65,25, compare Es 56,7; Es 57,13; Es 65,11; Joel 2,1 (|| צִיּוֺן) Joel 4,17 (|| id.) Sl 2,6 (|| id.) Sl 3,5; Sl 15,1; Sl 43,3; Sl 48,2 see further הַרקָֿדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Es 66,20 compare Dan 9,16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Es 27,13 also הַר צְבִיקֹֿדֶשׁ Dan 11,45 הַרהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ Jer 31,23 even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dan 9,20 other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳א Sl 68,17, & הַר מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 17,23; Ezk 20,40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ezk 28,14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים vEzk 28,16 (הַראֱֿלֹהִים Sl 68,16 is general, a God's mountain, i.e. a majestic mountain, likewise in simile כְּהַרֲרֵיאֵֿל מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Sl 36,7); — הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) 2 Mos 4,27; 2 Mos 18,5; 2 Mos 24,13; 1 Kong 19,8 (see above). Note particular הַרמֿוֺעֵד Es 14,13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, see especially Che De Di, DlPa 117 ff. COTon the passage Jr57 ff. JenKosmologie 23. Upon the mountain is עָלהָֿהָר compare וַתֵּבְךְּ עַלבְּֿתוּלָיהָ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Dom 11,38, & the peculiar phrase וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַלֿ הֶהָרִים vDom 11,37 go up upon עָלָה אָלֿ 2 Mos 19,23; 2 Mos 24,13; 2 Mos 34,4 (all J E); compare accusative in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר 4 Mos 20,25 speak with one upon is דבר בהר 2 Mos 31,18; 2 Mos 34,32; 4 Mos 3,1 (all P), 3 Mos 25,1 (H), compare command, give commands, law, etc., בהר 3 Mos 7,38; 3 Mos 26,46; 3 Mos 27,34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (literally in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mountains) 2 Mos 34,3 בְּכָל (JE) 2 Mos 25,40; 2 Mos 26,30; 2 Mos 27,8; 4 Mos 28,6 (all P), Es 13,4 but בְּחֹרֵב Sl 106,19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר 4 Mos 33,37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mountain is יָרַד מִןהָֿהָר 2 Mos 32,1; 2 Mos 32,15 (both J E) 2 Mos 34,29 (twice in verse) (both P), compare Dom 9,36 etc.
\ \ b. mountain-range הַרבָּֿשָׁן Sl 68,16 (twice in verse) = הַראֱֿלֹהִים vSl 68,16 = הַרגַּֿבְנֻנִּים vSl 68,16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים vSl 68,17 (of the Jebel Hauran: see בשׁן).
\ \ c. mountain, indefinite, Job 14,18 (|| צוּר); usually plural mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poetry & the higher style; often figurative; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood 1 Mos 7,20 compare v1 Mos 7,19; 1 Mos 8,5 covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) Sl 104,6 a chief work of God (in creation) Amos 4,13; Sl 65,7; Sl 90,2; Ord 8,25 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); weighed by God Es 40,12 removed and overturned in anger of God Job 9,5 compare Sl 46,3; Sl 46,4 devastated by God Es 42,15 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 9,9 smoking at God's touch Sl 104,32; Sl 144,5 melting at presence of ׳י Dom 5,5; Mik 1,4; Sl 97,5; Es 63,19; Es 64,2 trembling Es 5,25 compare Jer 4,24 (|| גְּבָעוֺת), Nah 1,5 (|| id.), Hab 3,10 called to witness Yahweh's dealings with his people Mik 6,2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) compare vMik 6,1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת), entreated to cover the guilty Hos 10,8 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); addressed by ׳י also Ezk 6,3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת, opposed to אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֺת); specifically, mountains of Israel summoned to hear ׳י and addressed by him Ezk 36,1 (twice in verse); Ezk 36,4; Ezk 36,8; Ezk 37,22; Ezk 38,8; Ezk 39,2; Ezk 39,4 summoned to praise ׳י Sl 148,9 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Es 44,23; Es 49,13; Es 55,12 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); leaping in praise of ׳י Sl 114,4; Sl 114,6 (both || גְּבָעוֺת); הַרֲרֵיקֶֿדֶם 5 Mos 33,15 (|| גִּבְעוֺת עוֺלָם); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד Hab 3,6 (|| id.); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד also Sl 76,5 (according to ᵐ5 Bi Che; ᵑ0 has טֶרֶף for עַד), and probably 1 Mos 49,26 for ᵑ0 הוֺרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֺלָם) compare Di.
\ \ d. high mountain הַר גָּבֹהַּ Es 30,25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) compare Es 40,9; Es 52,7 הַר גָּכֹהַּ מְאֹד Ezk 40,2 הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ezk 17,22 plural הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים 1 Mos 7,19; Sl 104,18 (|| סְלָעִים), הָרָמִים ׳הֶה Es 2,14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת הַנִּשָּׂאוֺת), compare הֶהָרִים Ezk 38,20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֺת, חוֺמָה).
\ \ e. opposite valley or plain Jos 12,8 (D; opposed to מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֺת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), compare 5 Mos 1,7, also Jer 17,26 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה); 1 Mos 19,17 (J; opposed to כִּכָּר); often opposed to גַּיְא 2 Kong 2,16; Ezk 31,12 (figurative) Ezk 32,5 (id.) Ezk 35,8 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezk 36,4 (|| id.), Es 40,4 (|| id.), opposed to בִּקְעָה 5 Mos 8,7; 5 Mos 11,11; Sl 104,8 opposed to מִדְבָּר Klg 4,19 (compare Jos 12,8 above); בֵּין הָרִים Sl 104,10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים; see also וְלֹאאֱֿלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים ׳אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י 1 Kong 20,28, compare v1 Kong 20,23 (opposed to מִישׁוֺר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Jos 13,19 (P), & גֵּיאהָֿרַי, גֵּיהָֿרִים Zak 14,5 (twice in verse); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים Sl 75,7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most modern (Baer מִדְבָּר but compare De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה 1 Mos 14,10. feminine mountains as hiding-places: — הַמִּנְהָרוֺת אֲוֶר בֶּהָרִים Dom 6,2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mountains; compare Sl 11,1; Jer 16,16 (|| גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Job 28,9 (of mining), see also 5 Mos 8,9.
\ \ g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1 Kron 12,8 of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Hoj 4,8 hunting-ground for partridges 1 Sam 26,20 עוֺף הָרִים Sl 50,11 compare Sl 11,1 (figurative); wandering-place of lost sheep (figurative) Nah 3,18; 1 Kong 22,17; Jer 50,6 compare vJer 50,6 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezk 34,6 (|| כָּלגִּֿבְעָה רָמָה) 2 Kron 18,16.
\ \ h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֺת בְּהַרֲרֵיאָֿ֑לֶףSl 50,10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), compare יְתוּר הָרִים Job 39,8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera lectio) בּוּל הָרִים Job 40,20, i.e. mountains as furnishing food for hippopotamus; see further Hoj 4,6; Hoj 8,14; Ord 27,25.
\ \ i. as place of field and vineyards 2 Kron 26,10 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֺר) Es 7,25 see also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר Sl 147,8 compare Hag 1,11 figurative Sl 72,3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֺת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב Joel 4,18 compare Amos 9,13
\ \ j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Sl 83,15.
\ \ k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Es 34,3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1 Sam 17,3 (twice in verse).
\ \ a. specifically mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature; — e. g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) 2 Mos 19,11; 2 Mos 19,18; 2 Mos 19,20; 2 Mos 19,23; 2 Mos 24,16; 2 Mos 31,18; 2 Mos 34,2; 2 Mos 34,4; 2 Mos 34,29; 2 Mos 34,32; 3 Mos 7,38; 3 Mos 25,1; 3 Mos 26,46; 3 Mos 27,34; 4 Mos 3,1; 4 Mos 28,6; Neh 9,13 (see סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., 2 Mos 19,2 + 10 t. 2 Mos 19,1–200 (2 Mos 19,18 read הָעָם, so Manuscripts ᵐ5 Di) 2 Mos 20,18; 2 Mos 24,4 + 6 t. 2 Mos 24,1–200; 2 Mos 25,40; 2 Mos 26,30; 2 Mos 27,8; 2 Mos 32,1; 2 Mos 32,15; 2 Mos 32,19; 2 Mos 34,2; 2 Mos 34,3 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 34,29 = הֵר חוֺרֵב 2 Mos 33,6 (see חֹרֵב), also אֶלהַֿר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה 2 Mos 3,1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1 Kong 19,8 further הָהָר = id., 5 Mos 4,11 (twice in verse); 5 Mos 5,4; 5 Mos 5,5; 5 Mos 5,19; 5 Mos 5,20; 5 Mos 9,9 + 10 t. 5 Mos 9,1–200. 10, 1 Kong 19,11 = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים 2 Mos 4,27; 2 Mos 18,5; 2 Mos 24,13 (all J E) = הַר יחוה 4 Mos 10,33 (compare Di); see further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) 4 Mos 20,22 + 10 t. Numbers; 5 Mos 32,50 = חָחָר 4 Mos 20,28 (twice in verse); הַר נְבוֺ 5 Mos 32,49; 5 Mos 34,1 = הָהָר 5 Mos 32,50 = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה 4 Mos 27,12; 5 Mos 32,49, compare (לִפְנֵי נְבוֺ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים 4 Mos 33,47; 4 Mos 33,48 הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim 5 Mos 11,29; 5 Mos 27,12; Jos 8,33 ראֹשׁ הַרגְּֿרִזִּים Dom 9,7 הַר עֵֹיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal 5 Mos 11,29; 5 Mos 27,4; 5 Mos 24,13; Jos 8,30; Jos 8,33 also הַר חֶרְמוֺן Mt. Hermon 5 Mos 3,8; Jos 11,17; Jos 12,1; Jos 12,5; Jos 13,5; Jos 13,11; 1 Kron 5,23 compare 5 Mos 4,48 הַר שִׂיאֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֺן (see חֶרְמוֺן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֺן (see id., & בעל חרמון below בעל); הַר חַלְּבָנוֺן Mt. Lebanon Dom 3,3, compare מְרוֺם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֺן 2 Kong 19,23 = Es 37,24 (see לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1 Kong 18,19; 1 Kong 18,20; 2 Kong 2,25; 2 Kong 4,25 (see כרמל); הָהָר = id., 2 Kong 4,27, apparently also 2 Kong 1,9 הַר תָּבוֺר Mt. Tabor, Dom 4,6; Dom 4,12; Dom 4,14, compare Jer 46,18 תָּבוֺר בֶּהָרִים (opposed to כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1 Sam 31,1; 1 Sam 31,8; 2 Sam 1,6, also (poetry) ׳הָרֵי בַּגּ v2 Sam 1,21 (compare Dr); הַרחֶֿרֶס Dom 1,35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) compare חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zak 14,4 (twice in verse) Mount of Olives, (opposed to גֵּיא) compare הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ezk 11,23 also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַלפְּֿנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1 Kong 11,7 (place of Solomon's idolatry) = הַרהַֿמַּשְׁחִית 2 Kong 23,13 mountain of the destroyer (same combination in another, figurative sense Jer 51,25), others derive ׳הַמ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talmud, Shabb. 56 b), compare HoffmZAW 1882, 175; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah 1 Mos 22,2 mountains about Jerusalem in general, יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ Sl 125,2 compare also Sl 121,1 (|| יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerusalem Es 22,5 of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mik 3,12 = Jer 26,18 ׳הַר בֵּיתיֿ Es 2,2 = Mik 4,1; 2 Kron 33,15 also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Jer 17,3 further הַר צִיּוֺן Mt. Zion Es 4,5; Es 8,18; Es 10,12; Es 18,7; Es 24,23; Es 29,8; Es 31,4; Es 37,32; Mik 4,7; Klg 5,18; Ob 1,17. Joel 3,5; Sl 48,3; Sl 48,12; Sl 74,2; Sl 78,68; Sl 125,1 (see also צִיּוֺן); compare הַר בַּ֯יתצִֿיּוֺן Es 10,32, ׳הַר בַּת צ Es 16,1 ׳הַריֿ Es 2,3 = Mik 4,2; Es 30,29; Sl 24,3 (id. of Horeb 4 Mos 10,33 J E); צְבָאוֺת ׳הַריֿ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zak 8,3, הַרקָֿדְשִׁי Sef 3,11; Ob 1,16; Ezk 20,40; Es 11,9 = Es 65,25, compare Es 56,7; Es 57,13; Es 65,11; Joel 2,1 (|| צִיּוֺן) Joel 4,17 (|| id.) Sl 2,6 (|| id.) Sl 3,5; Sl 15,1; Sl 43,3; Sl 48,2 see further הַרקָֿדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Es 66,20 compare Dan 9,16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Es 27,13 also הַר צְבִיקֹֿדֶשׁ Dan 11,45 הַרהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ Jer 31,23 even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dan 9,20 other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳א Sl 68,17, & הַר מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 17,23; Ezk 20,40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ezk 28,14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים vEzk 28,16 (הַראֱֿלֹהִים Sl 68,16 is general, a God's mountain, i.e. a majestic mountain, likewise in simile כְּהַרֲרֵיאֵֿל מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Sl 36,7); — הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) 2 Mos 4,27; 2 Mos 18,5; 2 Mos 24,13; 1 Kong 19,8 (see above). Note particular הַרמֿוֺעֵד Es 14,13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, see especially Che De Di, DlPa 117 ff. COTon the passage Jr57 ff. JenKosmologie 23. Upon the mountain is עָלהָֿהָר compare וַתֵּבְךְּ עַלבְּֿתוּלָיהָ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Dom 11,38, & the peculiar phrase וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַלֿ הֶהָרִים vDom 11,37 go up upon עָלָה אָלֿ 2 Mos 19,23; 2 Mos 24,13; 2 Mos 34,4 (all J E); compare accusative in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר 4 Mos 20,25 speak with one upon is דבר בהר 2 Mos 31,18; 2 Mos 34,32; 4 Mos 3,1 (all P), 3 Mos 25,1 (H), compare command, give commands, law, etc., בהר 3 Mos 7,38; 3 Mos 26,46; 3 Mos 27,34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (literally in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mountains) 2 Mos 34,3 בְּכָל (JE) 2 Mos 25,40; 2 Mos 26,30; 2 Mos 27,8; 4 Mos 28,6 (all P), Es 13,4 but בְּחֹרֵב Sl 106,19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר 4 Mos 33,37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mountain is יָרַד מִןהָֿהָר 2 Mos 32,1; 2 Mos 32,15 (both J E) 2 Mos 34,29 (twice in verse) (both P), compare Dom 9,36 etc.
\ \ b. mountain-range הַרבָּֿשָׁן Sl 68,16 (twice in verse) = הַראֱֿלֹהִים vSl 68,16 = הַרגַּֿבְנֻנִּים vSl 68,16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים vSl 68,17 (of the Jebel Hauran: see בשׁן).
\ \ c. mountain, indefinite, Job 14,18 (|| צוּר); usually plural mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poetry & the higher style; often figurative; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood 1 Mos 7,20 compare v1 Mos 7,19; 1 Mos 8,5 covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) Sl 104,6 a chief work of God (in creation) Amos 4,13; Sl 65,7; Sl 90,2; Ord 8,25 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); weighed by God Es 40,12 removed and overturned in anger of God Job 9,5 compare Sl 46,3; Sl 46,4 devastated by God Es 42,15 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 9,9 smoking at God's touch Sl 104,32; Sl 144,5 melting at presence of ׳י Dom 5,5; Mik 1,4; Sl 97,5; Es 63,19; Es 64,2 trembling Es 5,25 compare Jer 4,24 (|| גְּבָעוֺת), Nah 1,5 (|| id.), Hab 3,10 called to witness Yahweh's dealings with his people Mik 6,2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) compare vMik 6,1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת), entreated to cover the guilty Hos 10,8 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); addressed by ׳י also Ezk 6,3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת, opposed to אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֺת); specifically, mountains of Israel summoned to hear ׳י and addressed by him Ezk 36,1 (twice in verse); Ezk 36,4; Ezk 36,8; Ezk 37,22; Ezk 38,8; Ezk 39,2; Ezk 39,4 summoned to praise ׳י Sl 148,9 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Es 44,23; Es 49,13; Es 55,12 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); leaping in praise of ׳י Sl 114,4; Sl 114,6 (both || גְּבָעוֺת); הַרֲרֵיקֶֿדֶם 5 Mos 33,15 (|| גִּבְעוֺת עוֺלָם); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד Hab 3,6 (|| id.); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד also Sl 76,5 (according to ᵐ5 Bi Che; ᵑ0 has טֶרֶף for עַד), and probably 1 Mos 49,26 for ᵑ0 הוֺרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֺלָם) compare Di.
\ \ d. high mountain הַר גָּבֹהַּ Es 30,25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) compare Es 40,9; Es 52,7 הַר גָּכֹהַּ מְאֹד Ezk 40,2 הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ezk 17,22 plural הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים 1 Mos 7,19; Sl 104,18 (|| סְלָעִים), הָרָמִים ׳הֶה Es 2,14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת הַנִּשָּׂאוֺת), compare הֶהָרִים Ezk 38,20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֺת, חוֺמָה).
\ \ e. opposite valley or plain Jos 12,8 (D; opposed to מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֺת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), compare 5 Mos 1,7, also Jer 17,26 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה); 1 Mos 19,17 (J; opposed to כִּכָּר); often opposed to גַּיְא 2 Kong 2,16; Ezk 31,12 (figurative) Ezk 32,5 (id.) Ezk 35,8 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezk 36,4 (|| id.), Es 40,4 (|| id.), opposed to בִּקְעָה 5 Mos 8,7; 5 Mos 11,11; Sl 104,8 opposed to מִדְבָּר Klg 4,19 (compare Jos 12,8 above); בֵּין הָרִים Sl 104,10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים; see also וְלֹאאֱֿלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים ׳אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י 1 Kong 20,28, compare v1 Kong 20,23 (opposed to מִישׁוֺר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Jos 13,19 (P), & גֵּיאהָֿרַי, גֵּיהָֿרִים Zak 14,5 (twice in verse); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים Sl 75,7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most modern (Baer מִדְבָּר but compare De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה 1 Mos 14,10. feminine mountains as hiding-places: — הַמִּנְהָרוֺת אֲוֶר בֶּהָרִים Dom 6,2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mountains; compare Sl 11,1; Jer 16,16 (|| גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Job 28,9 (of mining), see also 5 Mos 8,9.
\ \ g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1 Kron 12,8 of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Hoj 4,8 hunting-ground for partridges 1 Sam 26,20 עוֺף הָרִים Sl 50,11 compare Sl 11,1 (figurative); wandering-place of lost sheep (figurative) Nah 3,18; 1 Kong 22,17; Jer 50,6 compare vJer 50,6 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezk 34,6 (|| כָּלגִּֿבְעָה רָמָה) 2 Kron 18,16.
\ \ h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֺת בְּהַרֲרֵיאָֿ֑לֶףSl 50,10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), compare יְתוּר הָרִים Job 39,8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera lectio) בּוּל הָרִים Job 40,20, i.e. mountains as furnishing food for hippopotamus; see further Hoj 4,6; Hoj 8,14; Ord 27,25.
\ \ i. as place of field and vineyards 2 Kron 26,10 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֺר) Es 7,25 see also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר Sl 147,8 compare Hag 1,11 figurative Sl 72,3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֺת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב Joel 4,18 compare Amos 9,13
\ \ j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Sl 83,15.
\ \ k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Es 34,3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1 Sam 17,3 (twice in verse).
1. as places of illicit worship Es 65,7 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 3,6 & apparently vJer 3,25 (|| id.) so הַרגָּֿבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Es 57,7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים 5 Mos 12,2 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); but Ezk 18,6; Ezk 18,15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים compare RSK 310 & Ezk 33,25. masculine in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1 Sam 23,26 (twice in verse); 2 Sam 13,34 side of the mountain, צֵלַע הָהָר 2 Sam 16,13 id.; מֹץ הָרִים Es 17,13 chaff of mountains; זֶרֶם הָרִים Job 24,8 mountain-shower; צֵל הֶהָרִים Dom 9,36 shadow of the mountains; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zak 6,1 top of mountain usually ראֹשׁ הָהָר 4 Mos 14,40; 4 Mos 14,44; 1 Sam 26,13; 2 Kong 1,9 as place for beacon Es 30,17 (|| גִּבְעָה), (compare הַרנִֿשְׁפֶּה Es 13,2 & נְשׂאֹנֵֿס הָרִים Es 18,3), ראֹשׁ הֶהָרִים Es 2,2 = Mik 4,1, ראֹשׁ הָרִים Es 42,11 (|| סֶלַע as dwelling-place) see also Sl 72,16 רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים 1 Mos 8,5 as lurking-places for ambuscade Dom 9,25; Dom 9,36, placesfor altars Ezk 6,13 (|| גִּבְעָה רָמָה), for sacrifice Hos 4,13 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); ראֹשׁ הָהָר Jos 15,8 = mountain-ridge, compare vJos 15,9; Dom 16,3 תּוֺעֲפוֺת הָרִים Sl 95,4 foundations of mountains מוֺסְדֵי הָרִים 5 Mos 32,22; Sl 18,8 (|| מוֺסְדוֺת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2 Sam 22,8); compare לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jon 2,7. noun in figure uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֺת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Es 41,15 figurative of Israel's overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַלהָֿרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Jer 13,16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Es 54,10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh's kindness (|| גְּבָעוֺת); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Jer 51,25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה vJer 51,25 figurative of Babylon.
2. hill-country, mountain-region,
\ \ a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר 4 Mos 13,17; 4 Mos 13,29 (of promised land; opposed to אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַדהַֿיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֺף הַיָּם 5 Mos 1,7 בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנְַּרוֺת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֺת דּוֺר מִיָּם Jos 11,2 בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֺת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב Jos 12,8 compare Jos 9,1; Jos 10,40; Dom 1,9 הָהָר indefinite (the hill-country, the mountains, in general) 2 Kron 2,1 (place for hewing wood) so v.2 Kron 2,17; Neh 8,15 (place for cutting boughs), etc.
\ \ b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי 5 Mos 1,7 (compare v5 Mos 1,7) v5 Mos 1,19 (compare v5 Mos 1,24), also Jos 10,6 of Amalekites Dom 12,15 of Ephraim Jos 17,15; Jos 19,50; Jos 20,7; Jos 21,21; Jos 24,30; Jos 24,33; Dom 3,27; Dom 4,5; Dom 7,24; Dom 9,48; Dom 17,1 + 6 t. Dom 17,1–200; 1 Sam 1,1; 1 Sam 9,4; 1 Sam 14,22; 2 Sam 20,21; 1 Kong 4,8; 1 Kong 12,25; 2 Kong 5,22; 1 Kron 6,52; 2 Kron 13,4; 2 Kron 15,8; 2 Kron 19,4; Jer 4,15; Jer 31,6 Ephraim and Gilead Jer 50,19 (compare also (ה)הר Jos 17,16; Jos 17,18; Dom 3,27); of Israel Jos 11,16; Jos 11,21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 6,2; Ezk 19,9; Ezk 33,28; Ezk 34,13; Ezk 35,12 הָרֵי מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 17,23; Ezk 20,40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי) Ezk 34,14 עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country 5 Mos 2,37 (of Ammonites), Jer 32,44; Jer 33,13 hill-country of Judah Jos 11,21; Jos 15,48; Jos 18,12; Jos 20,7; Jos 21,11; 2 Kron 21,11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 2 Kron 27,4 abode of Jebusites Jos 11,3.
\ \ a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר 4 Mos 13,17; 4 Mos 13,29 (of promised land; opposed to אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַדהַֿיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֺף הַיָּם 5 Mos 1,7 בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנְַּרוֺת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֺת דּוֺר מִיָּם Jos 11,2 בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֺת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב Jos 12,8 compare Jos 9,1; Jos 10,40; Dom 1,9 הָהָר indefinite (the hill-country, the mountains, in general) 2 Kron 2,1 (place for hewing wood) so v.2 Kron 2,17; Neh 8,15 (place for cutting boughs), etc.
\ \ b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי 5 Mos 1,7 (compare v5 Mos 1,7) v5 Mos 1,19 (compare v5 Mos 1,24), also Jos 10,6 of Amalekites Dom 12,15 of Ephraim Jos 17,15; Jos 19,50; Jos 20,7; Jos 21,21; Jos 24,30; Jos 24,33; Dom 3,27; Dom 4,5; Dom 7,24; Dom 9,48; Dom 17,1 + 6 t. Dom 17,1–200; 1 Sam 1,1; 1 Sam 9,4; 1 Sam 14,22; 2 Sam 20,21; 1 Kong 4,8; 1 Kong 12,25; 2 Kong 5,22; 1 Kron 6,52; 2 Kron 13,4; 2 Kron 15,8; 2 Kron 19,4; Jer 4,15; Jer 31,6 Ephraim and Gilead Jer 50,19 (compare also (ה)הר Jos 17,16; Jos 17,18; Dom 3,27); of Israel Jos 11,16; Jos 11,21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 6,2; Ezk 19,9; Ezk 33,28; Ezk 34,13; Ezk 35,12 הָרֵי מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 17,23; Ezk 20,40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי) Ezk 34,14 עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country 5 Mos 2,37 (of Ammonites), Jer 32,44; Jer 33,13 hill-country of Judah Jos 11,21; Jos 15,48; Jos 18,12; Jos 20,7; Jos 21,11; 2 Kron 21,11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 2 Kron 27,4 abode of Jebusites Jos 11,3.
הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרִי, הַרֲרָם, הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרֶיהָ see הר.
Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.