הַר
Engelsk mountain, hill, hill-country
I GT 558 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
הַר558 noun masculine1 Mos 7,19 mountain, hill, hill-country (Late Hebrew id., plural הָרִים, הֲרָרִים; Phoenician הר CISi. 3, 17; Sabean suffix הרתהמו DHMZMG 1876, 673); — ׳ה absolute Jos 17,18 +; with article הָהָר 2 Mos 3,12 +; with ָ ה locative הֶ֫רָה 1 Mos 14,10, הָהָ֫רָה 1 Mos 12,8 + 12 t.; construct הַר 1 Mos 10,30 +; suffix הַרֲרִי Sl 30,8, הֲרָרִי Jer 17,3 הַרְכֶם Sl 11,1 הַרֲרָם 1 Mos 14,6 plural הָרִים 5 Mos 11,11 +; with article הֶהָרִים 1 Mos 7,19 +; construct הָרֵי 1 Mos 8,4 + 27 t.; הַרֲרֵי 5 Mos 33,15 + 8 t. (all poetry); suffix הָרַי Es 14,25; Es 49,11; Zak 14,5 + Ezk 38,21 (B Co חרדה), הָרָ֑י Es 65,9 הָרָיו Ezk 35,8; Mal 1,3 הֲרָרֶיהָ 5 Mos 8,9 —
1. mountain, hill (these often not sharply distinguished, but):
\ \ a. specifically mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature; — e. g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) 2 Mos 19,11; 2 Mos 19,18; 2 Mos 19,20; 2 Mos 19,23; 2 Mos 24,16; 2 Mos 31,18; 2 Mos 34,2; 2 Mos 34,4; 2 Mos 34,29; 2 Mos 34,32; 3 Mos 7,38; 3 Mos 25,1; 3 Mos 26,46; 3 Mos 27,34; 4 Mos 3,1; 4 Mos 28,6; Neh 9,13 (see סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., 2 Mos 19,2 + 10 t. 2 Mos 19,1–200 (2 Mos 19,18 read הָעָם, so Manuscripts ᵐ5 Di) 2 Mos 20,18; 2 Mos 24,4 + 6 t. 2 Mos 24,1–200; 2 Mos 25,40; 2 Mos 26,30; 2 Mos 27,8; 2 Mos 32,1; 2 Mos 32,15; 2 Mos 32,19; 2 Mos 34,2; 2 Mos 34,3 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 34,29 = הֵר חוֺרֵב 2 Mos 33,6 (see חֹרֵב), also אֶלהַֿר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה 2 Mos 3,1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1 Kong 19,8 further הָהָר = id., 5 Mos 4,11 (twice in verse); 5 Mos 5,4; 5 Mos 5,5; 5 Mos 5,19; 5 Mos 5,20; 5 Mos 9,9 + 10 t. 5 Mos 9,1–200. 10, 1 Kong 19,11 = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים 2 Mos 4,27; 2 Mos 18,5; 2 Mos 24,13 (all J E) = הַר יחוה 4 Mos 10,33 (compare Di); see further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) 4 Mos 20,22 + 10 t. Numbers; 5 Mos 32,50 = חָחָר 4 Mos 20,28 (twice in verse); הַר נְבוֺ 5 Mos 32,49; 5 Mos 34,1 = הָהָר 5 Mos 32,50 = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה 4 Mos 27,12; 5 Mos 32,49, compare (לִפְנֵי נְבוֺ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים 4 Mos 33,47; 4 Mos 33,48 הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim 5 Mos 11,29; 5 Mos 27,12; Jos 8,33 ראֹשׁ הַרגְּֿרִזִּים Dom 9,7 הַר עֵֹיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal 5 Mos 11,29; 5 Mos 27,4; 5 Mos 24,13; Jos 8,30; Jos 8,33 also הַר חֶרְמוֺן Mt. Hermon 5 Mos 3,8; Jos 11,17; Jos 12,1; Jos 12,5; Jos 13,5; Jos 13,11; 1 Kron 5,23 compare 5 Mos 4,48 הַר שִׂיאֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֺן (see חֶרְמוֺן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֺן (see id., & בעל חרמון below בעל); הַר חַלְּבָנוֺן Mt. Lebanon Dom 3,3, compare מְרוֺם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֺן 2 Kong 19,23 = Es 37,24 (see לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1 Kong 18,19; 1 Kong 18,20; 2 Kong 2,25; 2 Kong 4,25 (see כרמל); הָהָר = id., 2 Kong 4,27, apparently also 2 Kong 1,9 הַר תָּבוֺר Mt. Tabor, Dom 4,6; Dom 4,12; Dom 4,14, compare Jer 46,18 תָּבוֺר בֶּהָרִים (opposed to כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1 Sam 31,1; 1 Sam 31,8; 2 Sam 1,6, also (poetry) ׳הָרֵי בַּגּ v2 Sam 1,21 (compare Dr); הַרחֶֿרֶס Dom 1,35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) compare חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zak 14,4 (twice in verse) Mount of Olives, (opposed to גֵּיא) compare הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ezk 11,23 also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַלפְּֿנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1 Kong 11,7 (place of Solomon's idolatry) = הַרהַֿמַּשְׁחִית 2 Kong 23,13 mountain of the destroyer (same combination in another, figurative sense Jer 51,25), others derive ׳הַמ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talmud, Shabb. 56 b), compare HoffmZAW 1882, 175; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah 1 Mos 22,2 mountains about Jerusalem in general, יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ Sl 125,2 compare also Sl 121,1 (|| יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerusalem Es 22,5 of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mik 3,12 = Jer 26,18 ׳הַר בֵּיתיֿ Es 2,2 = Mik 4,1; 2 Kron 33,15 also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Jer 17,3 further הַר צִיּוֺן Mt. Zion Es 4,5; Es 8,18; Es 10,12; Es 18,7; Es 24,23; Es 29,8; Es 31,4; Es 37,32; Mik 4,7; Klg 5,18; Ob 1,17. Joel 3,5; Sl 48,3; Sl 48,12; Sl 74,2; Sl 78,68; Sl 125,1 (see also צִיּוֺן); compare הַר בַּ֯יתצִֿיּוֺן Es 10,32, ׳הַר בַּת צ Es 16,1 ׳הַריֿ Es 2,3 = Mik 4,2; Es 30,29; Sl 24,3 (id. of Horeb 4 Mos 10,33 J E); צְבָאוֺת ׳הַריֿ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zak 8,3, הַרקָֿדְשִׁי Sef 3,11; Ob 1,16; Ezk 20,40; Es 11,9 = Es 65,25, compare Es 56,7; Es 57,13; Es 65,11; Joel 2,1 (|| צִיּוֺן) Joel 4,17 (|| id.) Sl 2,6 (|| id.) Sl 3,5; Sl 15,1; Sl 43,3; Sl 48,2 see further הַרקָֿדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Es 66,20 compare Dan 9,16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Es 27,13 also הַר צְבִיקֹֿדֶשׁ Dan 11,45 הַרהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ Jer 31,23 even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dan 9,20 other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳א Sl 68,17, & הַר מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 17,23; Ezk 20,40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ezk 28,14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים vEzk 28,16 (הַראֱֿלֹהִים Sl 68,16 is general, a God's mountain, i.e. a majestic mountain, likewise in simile כְּהַרֲרֵיאֵֿל מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Sl 36,7); — הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) 2 Mos 4,27; 2 Mos 18,5; 2 Mos 24,13; 1 Kong 19,8 (see above). Note particular הַרמֿוֺעֵד Es 14,13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, see especially Che De Di, DlPa 117 ff. COTon the passage Jr57 ff. JenKosmologie 23. Upon the mountain is עָלהָֿהָר compare וַתֵּבְךְּ עַלבְּֿתוּלָיהָ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Dom 11,38, & the peculiar phrase וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַלֿ הֶהָרִים vDom 11,37 go up upon עָלָה אָלֿ 2 Mos 19,23; 2 Mos 24,13; 2 Mos 34,4 (all J E); compare accusative in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר 4 Mos 20,25 speak with one upon is דבר בהר 2 Mos 31,18; 2 Mos 34,32; 4 Mos 3,1 (all P), 3 Mos 25,1 (H), compare command, give commands, law, etc., בהר 3 Mos 7,38; 3 Mos 26,46; 3 Mos 27,34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (literally in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mountains) 2 Mos 34,3 בְּכָל (JE) 2 Mos 25,40; 2 Mos 26,30; 2 Mos 27,8; 4 Mos 28,6 (all P), Es 13,4 but בְּחֹרֵב Sl 106,19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר 4 Mos 33,37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mountain is יָרַד מִןהָֿהָר 2 Mos 32,1; 2 Mos 32,15 (both J E) 2 Mos 34,29 (twice in verse) (both P), compare Dom 9,36 etc.
\ \ b. mountain-range הַרבָּֿשָׁן Sl 68,16 (twice in verse) = הַראֱֿלֹהִים vSl 68,16 = הַרגַּֿבְנֻנִּים vSl 68,16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים vSl 68,17 (of the Jebel Hauran: see בשׁן).
\ \ c. mountain, indefinite, Job 14,18 (|| צוּר); usually plural mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poetry & the higher style; often figurative; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood 1 Mos 7,20 compare v1 Mos 7,19; 1 Mos 8,5 covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) Sl 104,6 a chief work of God (in creation) Amos 4,13; Sl 65,7; Sl 90,2; Ord 8,25 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); weighed by God Es 40,12 removed and overturned in anger of God Job 9,5 compare Sl 46,3; Sl 46,4 devastated by God Es 42,15 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 9,9 smoking at God's touch Sl 104,32; Sl 144,5 melting at presence of ׳י Dom 5,5; Mik 1,4; Sl 97,5; Es 63,19; Es 64,2 trembling Es 5,25 compare Jer 4,24 (|| גְּבָעוֺת), Nah 1,5 (|| id.), Hab 3,10 called to witness Yahweh's dealings with his people Mik 6,2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) compare vMik 6,1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת), entreated to cover the guilty Hos 10,8 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); addressed by ׳י also Ezk 6,3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת, opposed to אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֺת); specifically, mountains of Israel summoned to hear ׳י and addressed by him Ezk 36,1 (twice in verse); Ezk 36,4; Ezk 36,8; Ezk 37,22; Ezk 38,8; Ezk 39,2; Ezk 39,4 summoned to praise ׳י Sl 148,9 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Es 44,23; Es 49,13; Es 55,12 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); leaping in praise of ׳י Sl 114,4; Sl 114,6 (both || גְּבָעוֺת); הַרֲרֵיקֶֿדֶם 5 Mos 33,15 (|| גִּבְעוֺת עוֺלָם); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד Hab 3,6 (|| id.); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד also Sl 76,5 (according to ᵐ5 Bi Che; ᵑ0 has טֶרֶף for עַד), and probably 1 Mos 49,26 for ᵑ0 הוֺרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֺלָם) compare Di.
\ \ d. high mountain הַר גָּבֹהַּ Es 30,25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) compare Es 40,9; Es 52,7 הַר גָּכֹהַּ מְאֹד Ezk 40,2 הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ezk 17,22 plural הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים 1 Mos 7,19; Sl 104,18 (|| סְלָעִים), הָרָמִים ׳הֶה Es 2,14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת הַנִּשָּׂאוֺת), compare הֶהָרִים Ezk 38,20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֺת, חוֺמָה).
\ \ e. opposite valley or plain Jos 12,8 (D; opposed to מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֺת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), compare 5 Mos 1,7, also Jer 17,26 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה); 1 Mos 19,17 (J; opposed to כִּכָּר); often opposed to גַּיְא 2 Kong 2,16; Ezk 31,12 (figurative) Ezk 32,5 (id.) Ezk 35,8 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezk 36,4 (|| id.), Es 40,4 (|| id.), opposed to בִּקְעָה 5 Mos 8,7; 5 Mos 11,11; Sl 104,8 opposed to מִדְבָּר Klg 4,19 (compare Jos 12,8 above); בֵּין הָרִים Sl 104,10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים; see also וְלֹאאֱֿלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים ׳אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י 1 Kong 20,28, compare v1 Kong 20,23 (opposed to מִישׁוֺר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Jos 13,19 (P), & גֵּיאהָֿרַי, גֵּיהָֿרִים Zak 14,5 (twice in verse); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים Sl 75,7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most modern (Baer מִדְבָּר but compare De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה 1 Mos 14,10. feminine mountains as hiding-places: — הַמִּנְהָרוֺת אֲוֶר בֶּהָרִים Dom 6,2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mountains; compare Sl 11,1; Jer 16,16 (|| גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Job 28,9 (of mining), see also 5 Mos 8,9.
\ \ g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1 Kron 12,8 of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Hoj 4,8 hunting-ground for partridges 1 Sam 26,20 עוֺף הָרִים Sl 50,11 compare Sl 11,1 (figurative); wandering-place of lost sheep (figurative) Nah 3,18; 1 Kong 22,17; Jer 50,6 compare vJer 50,6 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezk 34,6 (|| כָּלגִּֿבְעָה רָמָה) 2 Kron 18,16.
\ \ h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֺת בְּהַרֲרֵיאָֿ֑לֶףSl 50,10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), compare יְתוּר הָרִים Job 39,8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera lectio) בּוּל הָרִים Job 40,20, i.e. mountains as furnishing food for hippopotamus; see further Hoj 4,6; Hoj 8,14; Ord 27,25.
\ \ i. as place of field and vineyards 2 Kron 26,10 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֺר) Es 7,25 see also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר Sl 147,8 compare Hag 1,11 figurative Sl 72,3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֺת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב Joel 4,18 compare Amos 9,13
\ \ j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Sl 83,15.
\ \ k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Es 34,3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1 Sam 17,3 (twice in verse).
\ \ a. specifically mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature; — e. g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) 2 Mos 19,11; 2 Mos 19,18; 2 Mos 19,20; 2 Mos 19,23; 2 Mos 24,16; 2 Mos 31,18; 2 Mos 34,2; 2 Mos 34,4; 2 Mos 34,29; 2 Mos 34,32; 3 Mos 7,38; 3 Mos 25,1; 3 Mos 26,46; 3 Mos 27,34; 4 Mos 3,1; 4 Mos 28,6; Neh 9,13 (see סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., 2 Mos 19,2 + 10 t. 2 Mos 19,1–200 (2 Mos 19,18 read הָעָם, so Manuscripts ᵐ5 Di) 2 Mos 20,18; 2 Mos 24,4 + 6 t. 2 Mos 24,1–200; 2 Mos 25,40; 2 Mos 26,30; 2 Mos 27,8; 2 Mos 32,1; 2 Mos 32,15; 2 Mos 32,19; 2 Mos 34,2; 2 Mos 34,3 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 34,29 = הֵר חוֺרֵב 2 Mos 33,6 (see חֹרֵב), also אֶלהַֿר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה 2 Mos 3,1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1 Kong 19,8 further הָהָר = id., 5 Mos 4,11 (twice in verse); 5 Mos 5,4; 5 Mos 5,5; 5 Mos 5,19; 5 Mos 5,20; 5 Mos 9,9 + 10 t. 5 Mos 9,1–200. 10, 1 Kong 19,11 = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים 2 Mos 4,27; 2 Mos 18,5; 2 Mos 24,13 (all J E) = הַר יחוה 4 Mos 10,33 (compare Di); see further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) 4 Mos 20,22 + 10 t. Numbers; 5 Mos 32,50 = חָחָר 4 Mos 20,28 (twice in verse); הַר נְבוֺ 5 Mos 32,49; 5 Mos 34,1 = הָהָר 5 Mos 32,50 = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה 4 Mos 27,12; 5 Mos 32,49, compare (לִפְנֵי נְבוֺ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים 4 Mos 33,47; 4 Mos 33,48 הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim 5 Mos 11,29; 5 Mos 27,12; Jos 8,33 ראֹשׁ הַרגְּֿרִזִּים Dom 9,7 הַר עֵֹיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal 5 Mos 11,29; 5 Mos 27,4; 5 Mos 24,13; Jos 8,30; Jos 8,33 also הַר חֶרְמוֺן Mt. Hermon 5 Mos 3,8; Jos 11,17; Jos 12,1; Jos 12,5; Jos 13,5; Jos 13,11; 1 Kron 5,23 compare 5 Mos 4,48 הַר שִׂיאֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֺן (see חֶרְמוֺן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֺן (see id., & בעל חרמון below בעל); הַר חַלְּבָנוֺן Mt. Lebanon Dom 3,3, compare מְרוֺם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֺן 2 Kong 19,23 = Es 37,24 (see לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1 Kong 18,19; 1 Kong 18,20; 2 Kong 2,25; 2 Kong 4,25 (see כרמל); הָהָר = id., 2 Kong 4,27, apparently also 2 Kong 1,9 הַר תָּבוֺר Mt. Tabor, Dom 4,6; Dom 4,12; Dom 4,14, compare Jer 46,18 תָּבוֺר בֶּהָרִים (opposed to כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1 Sam 31,1; 1 Sam 31,8; 2 Sam 1,6, also (poetry) ׳הָרֵי בַּגּ v2 Sam 1,21 (compare Dr); הַרחֶֿרֶס Dom 1,35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) compare חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zak 14,4 (twice in verse) Mount of Olives, (opposed to גֵּיא) compare הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ezk 11,23 also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַלפְּֿנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1 Kong 11,7 (place of Solomon's idolatry) = הַרהַֿמַּשְׁחִית 2 Kong 23,13 mountain of the destroyer (same combination in another, figurative sense Jer 51,25), others derive ׳הַמ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talmud, Shabb. 56 b), compare HoffmZAW 1882, 175; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah 1 Mos 22,2 mountains about Jerusalem in general, יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ Sl 125,2 compare also Sl 121,1 (|| יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerusalem Es 22,5 of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mik 3,12 = Jer 26,18 ׳הַר בֵּיתיֿ Es 2,2 = Mik 4,1; 2 Kron 33,15 also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Jer 17,3 further הַר צִיּוֺן Mt. Zion Es 4,5; Es 8,18; Es 10,12; Es 18,7; Es 24,23; Es 29,8; Es 31,4; Es 37,32; Mik 4,7; Klg 5,18; Ob 1,17. Joel 3,5; Sl 48,3; Sl 48,12; Sl 74,2; Sl 78,68; Sl 125,1 (see also צִיּוֺן); compare הַר בַּ֯יתצִֿיּוֺן Es 10,32, ׳הַר בַּת צ Es 16,1 ׳הַריֿ Es 2,3 = Mik 4,2; Es 30,29; Sl 24,3 (id. of Horeb 4 Mos 10,33 J E); צְבָאוֺת ׳הַריֿ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zak 8,3, הַרקָֿדְשִׁי Sef 3,11; Ob 1,16; Ezk 20,40; Es 11,9 = Es 65,25, compare Es 56,7; Es 57,13; Es 65,11; Joel 2,1 (|| צִיּוֺן) Joel 4,17 (|| id.) Sl 2,6 (|| id.) Sl 3,5; Sl 15,1; Sl 43,3; Sl 48,2 see further הַרקָֿדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Es 66,20 compare Dan 9,16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Es 27,13 also הַר צְבִיקֹֿדֶשׁ Dan 11,45 הַרהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ Jer 31,23 even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dan 9,20 other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳א Sl 68,17, & הַר מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 17,23; Ezk 20,40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ezk 28,14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים vEzk 28,16 (הַראֱֿלֹהִים Sl 68,16 is general, a God's mountain, i.e. a majestic mountain, likewise in simile כְּהַרֲרֵיאֵֿל מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Sl 36,7); — הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) 2 Mos 4,27; 2 Mos 18,5; 2 Mos 24,13; 1 Kong 19,8 (see above). Note particular הַרמֿוֺעֵד Es 14,13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, see especially Che De Di, DlPa 117 ff. COTon the passage Jr57 ff. JenKosmologie 23. Upon the mountain is עָלהָֿהָר compare וַתֵּבְךְּ עַלבְּֿתוּלָיהָ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Dom 11,38, & the peculiar phrase וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַלֿ הֶהָרִים vDom 11,37 go up upon עָלָה אָלֿ 2 Mos 19,23; 2 Mos 24,13; 2 Mos 34,4 (all J E); compare accusative in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר 4 Mos 20,25 speak with one upon is דבר בהר 2 Mos 31,18; 2 Mos 34,32; 4 Mos 3,1 (all P), 3 Mos 25,1 (H), compare command, give commands, law, etc., בהר 3 Mos 7,38; 3 Mos 26,46; 3 Mos 27,34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (literally in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mountains) 2 Mos 34,3 בְּכָל (JE) 2 Mos 25,40; 2 Mos 26,30; 2 Mos 27,8; 4 Mos 28,6 (all P), Es 13,4 but בְּחֹרֵב Sl 106,19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר 4 Mos 33,37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mountain is יָרַד מִןהָֿהָר 2 Mos 32,1; 2 Mos 32,15 (both J E) 2 Mos 34,29 (twice in verse) (both P), compare Dom 9,36 etc.
\ \ b. mountain-range הַרבָּֿשָׁן Sl 68,16 (twice in verse) = הַראֱֿלֹהִים vSl 68,16 = הַרגַּֿבְנֻנִּים vSl 68,16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים vSl 68,17 (of the Jebel Hauran: see בשׁן).
\ \ c. mountain, indefinite, Job 14,18 (|| צוּר); usually plural mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poetry & the higher style; often figurative; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood 1 Mos 7,20 compare v1 Mos 7,19; 1 Mos 8,5 covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) Sl 104,6 a chief work of God (in creation) Amos 4,13; Sl 65,7; Sl 90,2; Ord 8,25 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); weighed by God Es 40,12 removed and overturned in anger of God Job 9,5 compare Sl 46,3; Sl 46,4 devastated by God Es 42,15 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 9,9 smoking at God's touch Sl 104,32; Sl 144,5 melting at presence of ׳י Dom 5,5; Mik 1,4; Sl 97,5; Es 63,19; Es 64,2 trembling Es 5,25 compare Jer 4,24 (|| גְּבָעוֺת), Nah 1,5 (|| id.), Hab 3,10 called to witness Yahweh's dealings with his people Mik 6,2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) compare vMik 6,1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת), entreated to cover the guilty Hos 10,8 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); addressed by ׳י also Ezk 6,3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת, opposed to אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֺת); specifically, mountains of Israel summoned to hear ׳י and addressed by him Ezk 36,1 (twice in verse); Ezk 36,4; Ezk 36,8; Ezk 37,22; Ezk 38,8; Ezk 39,2; Ezk 39,4 summoned to praise ׳י Sl 148,9 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Es 44,23; Es 49,13; Es 55,12 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); leaping in praise of ׳י Sl 114,4; Sl 114,6 (both || גְּבָעוֺת); הַרֲרֵיקֶֿדֶם 5 Mos 33,15 (|| גִּבְעוֺת עוֺלָם); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד Hab 3,6 (|| id.); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד also Sl 76,5 (according to ᵐ5 Bi Che; ᵑ0 has טֶרֶף for עַד), and probably 1 Mos 49,26 for ᵑ0 הוֺרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֺלָם) compare Di.
\ \ d. high mountain הַר גָּבֹהַּ Es 30,25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) compare Es 40,9; Es 52,7 הַר גָּכֹהַּ מְאֹד Ezk 40,2 הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ezk 17,22 plural הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים 1 Mos 7,19; Sl 104,18 (|| סְלָעִים), הָרָמִים ׳הֶה Es 2,14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת הַנִּשָּׂאוֺת), compare הֶהָרִים Ezk 38,20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֺת, חוֺמָה).
\ \ e. opposite valley or plain Jos 12,8 (D; opposed to מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֺת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), compare 5 Mos 1,7, also Jer 17,26 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה); 1 Mos 19,17 (J; opposed to כִּכָּר); often opposed to גַּיְא 2 Kong 2,16; Ezk 31,12 (figurative) Ezk 32,5 (id.) Ezk 35,8 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezk 36,4 (|| id.), Es 40,4 (|| id.), opposed to בִּקְעָה 5 Mos 8,7; 5 Mos 11,11; Sl 104,8 opposed to מִדְבָּר Klg 4,19 (compare Jos 12,8 above); בֵּין הָרִים Sl 104,10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים; see also וְלֹאאֱֿלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים ׳אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י 1 Kong 20,28, compare v1 Kong 20,23 (opposed to מִישׁוֺר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Jos 13,19 (P), & גֵּיאהָֿרַי, גֵּיהָֿרִים Zak 14,5 (twice in verse); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים Sl 75,7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most modern (Baer מִדְבָּר but compare De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה 1 Mos 14,10. feminine mountains as hiding-places: — הַמִּנְהָרוֺת אֲוֶר בֶּהָרִים Dom 6,2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mountains; compare Sl 11,1; Jer 16,16 (|| גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Job 28,9 (of mining), see also 5 Mos 8,9.
\ \ g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1 Kron 12,8 of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Hoj 4,8 hunting-ground for partridges 1 Sam 26,20 עוֺף הָרִים Sl 50,11 compare Sl 11,1 (figurative); wandering-place of lost sheep (figurative) Nah 3,18; 1 Kong 22,17; Jer 50,6 compare vJer 50,6 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezk 34,6 (|| כָּלגִּֿבְעָה רָמָה) 2 Kron 18,16.
\ \ h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֺת בְּהַרֲרֵיאָֿ֑לֶףSl 50,10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), compare יְתוּר הָרִים Job 39,8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera lectio) בּוּל הָרִים Job 40,20, i.e. mountains as furnishing food for hippopotamus; see further Hoj 4,6; Hoj 8,14; Ord 27,25.
\ \ i. as place of field and vineyards 2 Kron 26,10 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֺר) Es 7,25 see also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר Sl 147,8 compare Hag 1,11 figurative Sl 72,3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֺת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב Joel 4,18 compare Amos 9,13
\ \ j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Sl 83,15.
\ \ k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Es 34,3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1 Sam 17,3 (twice in verse).
1. as places of illicit worship Es 65,7 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 3,6 & apparently vJer 3,25 (|| id.) so הַרגָּֿבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Es 57,7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים 5 Mos 12,2 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); but Ezk 18,6; Ezk 18,15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים compare RSK 310 & Ezk 33,25. masculine in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1 Sam 23,26 (twice in verse); 2 Sam 13,34 side of the mountain, צֵלַע הָהָר 2 Sam 16,13 id.; מֹץ הָרִים Es 17,13 chaff of mountains; זֶרֶם הָרִים Job 24,8 mountain-shower; צֵל הֶהָרִים Dom 9,36 shadow of the mountains; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zak 6,1 top of mountain usually ראֹשׁ הָהָר 4 Mos 14,40; 4 Mos 14,44; 1 Sam 26,13; 2 Kong 1,9 as place for beacon Es 30,17 (|| גִּבְעָה), (compare הַרנִֿשְׁפֶּה Es 13,2 & נְשׂאֹנֵֿס הָרִים Es 18,3), ראֹשׁ הֶהָרִים Es 2,2 = Mik 4,1, ראֹשׁ הָרִים Es 42,11 (|| סֶלַע as dwelling-place) see also Sl 72,16 רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים 1 Mos 8,5 as lurking-places for ambuscade Dom 9,25; Dom 9,36, placesfor altars Ezk 6,13 (|| גִּבְעָה רָמָה), for sacrifice Hos 4,13 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); ראֹשׁ הָהָר Jos 15,8 = mountain-ridge, compare vJos 15,9; Dom 16,3 תּוֺעֲפוֺת הָרִים Sl 95,4 foundations of mountains מוֺסְדֵי הָרִים 5 Mos 32,22; Sl 18,8 (|| מוֺסְדוֺת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2 Sam 22,8); compare לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jon 2,7. noun in figure uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֺת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Es 41,15 figurative of Israel's overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַלהָֿרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Jer 13,16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Es 54,10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh's kindness (|| גְּבָעוֺת); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Jer 51,25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה vJer 51,25 figurative of Babylon.
2. hill-country, mountain-region,
\ \ a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר 4 Mos 13,17; 4 Mos 13,29 (of promised land; opposed to אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַדהַֿיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֺף הַיָּם 5 Mos 1,7 בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנְַּרוֺת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֺת דּוֺר מִיָּם Jos 11,2 בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֺת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב Jos 12,8 compare Jos 9,1; Jos 10,40; Dom 1,9 הָהָר indefinite (the hill-country, the mountains, in general) 2 Kron 2,1 (place for hewing wood) so v.2 Kron 2,17; Neh 8,15 (place for cutting boughs), etc.
\ \ b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי 5 Mos 1,7 (compare v5 Mos 1,7) v5 Mos 1,19 (compare v5 Mos 1,24), also Jos 10,6 of Amalekites Dom 12,15 of Ephraim Jos 17,15; Jos 19,50; Jos 20,7; Jos 21,21; Jos 24,30; Jos 24,33; Dom 3,27; Dom 4,5; Dom 7,24; Dom 9,48; Dom 17,1 + 6 t. Dom 17,1–200; 1 Sam 1,1; 1 Sam 9,4; 1 Sam 14,22; 2 Sam 20,21; 1 Kong 4,8; 1 Kong 12,25; 2 Kong 5,22; 1 Kron 6,52; 2 Kron 13,4; 2 Kron 15,8; 2 Kron 19,4; Jer 4,15; Jer 31,6 Ephraim and Gilead Jer 50,19 (compare also (ה)הר Jos 17,16; Jos 17,18; Dom 3,27); of Israel Jos 11,16; Jos 11,21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 6,2; Ezk 19,9; Ezk 33,28; Ezk 34,13; Ezk 35,12 הָרֵי מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 17,23; Ezk 20,40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי) Ezk 34,14 עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country 5 Mos 2,37 (of Ammonites), Jer 32,44; Jer 33,13 hill-country of Judah Jos 11,21; Jos 15,48; Jos 18,12; Jos 20,7; Jos 21,11; 2 Kron 21,11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 2 Kron 27,4 abode of Jebusites Jos 11,3.
\ \ a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר 4 Mos 13,17; 4 Mos 13,29 (of promised land; opposed to אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַדהַֿיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֺף הַיָּם 5 Mos 1,7 בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנְַּרוֺת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֺת דּוֺר מִיָּם Jos 11,2 בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֺת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב Jos 12,8 compare Jos 9,1; Jos 10,40; Dom 1,9 הָהָר indefinite (the hill-country, the mountains, in general) 2 Kron 2,1 (place for hewing wood) so v.2 Kron 2,17; Neh 8,15 (place for cutting boughs), etc.
\ \ b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי 5 Mos 1,7 (compare v5 Mos 1,7) v5 Mos 1,19 (compare v5 Mos 1,24), also Jos 10,6 of Amalekites Dom 12,15 of Ephraim Jos 17,15; Jos 19,50; Jos 20,7; Jos 21,21; Jos 24,30; Jos 24,33; Dom 3,27; Dom 4,5; Dom 7,24; Dom 9,48; Dom 17,1 + 6 t. Dom 17,1–200; 1 Sam 1,1; 1 Sam 9,4; 1 Sam 14,22; 2 Sam 20,21; 1 Kong 4,8; 1 Kong 12,25; 2 Kong 5,22; 1 Kron 6,52; 2 Kron 13,4; 2 Kron 15,8; 2 Kron 19,4; Jer 4,15; Jer 31,6 Ephraim and Gilead Jer 50,19 (compare also (ה)הר Jos 17,16; Jos 17,18; Dom 3,27); of Israel Jos 11,16; Jos 11,21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 6,2; Ezk 19,9; Ezk 33,28; Ezk 34,13; Ezk 35,12 הָרֵי מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezk 17,23; Ezk 20,40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי) Ezk 34,14 עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country 5 Mos 2,37 (of Ammonites), Jer 32,44; Jer 33,13 hill-country of Judah Jos 11,21; Jos 15,48; Jos 18,12; Jos 20,7; Jos 21,11; 2 Kron 21,11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 2 Kron 27,4 abode of Jebusites Jos 11,3.
הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרִי, הַרֲרָם, הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרֶיהָ see הר.
Flere artikler i BDB med samme Strong-nummer
יהוה BDB2100
יהוהc. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (
1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺהC518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of 2 Mos 20,7; 3 Mos 24,11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philode Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö§ 88). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Sl 74,6 תַּהֲרוּ Es 33,11), see LagSym i.14 BaudStudien i.179 ff.; DrStud.Bib.i.1 ff. For Jeve see StaZAW 1881, 346 Deib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.
2. on literature of interpretations see NesEg.67 Drl.c. — Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה 1 Mos 3,20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, NesEg.88 (but NesEg.91 inclines to Qal as RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RSOTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245, compare WeSkizzen iii.175; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, StaG.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ewinfr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Drl.c.17)).
**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by BauRel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230); DlPa 162 ff. claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kuenational Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.) JastrJBL xiil {1894}, 103 f. compare HptBAS i. 170 N; DlBabel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f. makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially HirschZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff. ZimKATS. 465 ff.; SpiegelbZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff. proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in KöEB NAMES, § 112 and n.3. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to SchwThLZ, 1905, col. 612.
I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given 2 Mos 3,12–15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (2 Mos 3,12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it v2 Mos 3,14a (i.e: with thee v2 Mos 3,12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה v2 Mos 3,14b (i.e. with thee v2 Mos 3,12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it v2 Mos 3,15 (i.e. with thee v2 Mos 3,12). compare EwBTh ii. 337, 338 RSl.c., Proph. 385 ff. Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc LagPsalt.Hieron.156); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich WeJD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses 2 Mos 6,3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, 1 Mos 21,83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De 1 Mos 21,33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12,9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI18. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT 1 Mos 2,4b DlPa 158 ff. DrStud. Bib. i. 7 ff.
II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
\ \ a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words 2 Mos 20,2–12 (5 t.) = 5 Mos 5,6–16 in the law of worship of J E, 2 Mos 23,19; 2 Mos 34,24; 2 Mos 34,26 in D 234 t.; Jos 1,9; Jos 1,17; Jos 9,9; Jos 9,24 (D2); elsewhere 1 Mos 27,20; 2 Mos 15,26 (JE), Dom 6,26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1 Kron 11,2; 1 Kron 22,11; 1 Kron 22,12; 2 Kron 9,8 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 16,7; Es 7,11; Es 37,4 (twice in verse); Es 41,13; Es 43,3; Es 51,15; Es 55,5; Jer 40,2 + (3t.); Hos 12,10; Hos 13,4; Hos 14,2; Amos 9,15; Sl 81,11.
\ \ b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D2 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere 2 Mos 23,25 (E); 2 Mos 8,24; 2 Mos 10,8; 2 Mos 10,16; 2 Mos 10,17 (JE); Dom 6,10; 1 Sam 12,12; 1 Sam 12,14; 2 Kong 17,39; 2 Kong 23,21; 1 Kron 22,18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Sl 76,12; Jer 13,16 + (5 t.) Ezk 20,5; Ezk 20,7; Ezk 20,19; Ezk 20,20; Joel 2,13 + (6 t.) Zak 6,15.
\ \ c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D2 5 t.; 2 Mos 8,6 (JE) 2 Mos 3,18; 2 Mos 5,3; 2 Mos 8,22; 2 Mos 8,23; 2 Mos 10,25; 2 Mos 10,26 (E) Dom 11,24; 1 Sam 7,8; 1 Kong 8,57; 1 Kong 8,59; 1 Kong 8,61; 1 Kong 8,65; 2 Kong 18,22; 2 Kong 19,10 = Es 36,7; Es 37,20; 1 Kron 13,2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mik 4,5; Mik 7,17; Es 26,13; Jer 3,22 + (17 t.) Sl 20,8; Sl 90,17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Sl 94,23; Sl 99,5; Sl 99,8; Sl 99,9 (twice in verse); Sl 105,7; Sl 106,47; Sl 113,5; Sl 122,9; Sl 123,2; Dan 9,10; Dan 9,13; Dan 9,14.
\ \ d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם 2 Mos 10,7 (J) 2 Mos 29,46 (twice in verse); 3 Mos 26,44 (P) Dom 3,7; Dom 8,34; 1 Sam 12,9; 1 Kong 9,9; 2 Kong 17,7; 2 Kong 17,9; 2 Kong 17,14; 2 Kong 17,16; 2 Kong 17,19; 2 Kong 18,12; 2 Kron 31,6; 2 Kron 33,17; 2 Kron 34,33; Neh 9,3 (twice in verse); Neh 9,4; Jer 3,21; Jer 22,9; Jer 30,9; Jer 43,1 (twice in verse); Jer 50,4; Ezk 28,26; Ezk 34,30; Ezk 39,22; Ezk 39,28; Hos 1,7; Hos 3,5; Hos 7,10; Sef 2,7; Hag 1,12 (twice in verse); Zak 9,16; Zak 10,6.
\ \ e. with אֱלֹהָיו 4 Mos 23,21 (E) 2 Mos 32,11 (J) 3 Mos 4,22 (P) 5 Mos 17,19; 5 Mos 18,7; 1 Sam 30,6; 1 Kong 5,17; 1 Kong 11,4; 1 Kong 15,3; 1 Kong 15,4; 1 Kong 2,11; 1 Kong 16,2; 1 Kong 2,1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mik 5,3; Jer 7,28; Sl 33,12; Sl 144,15; Sl 146,5; Jon 2,2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי 4 Mos 22,18 (JE) 5 Mos 4,5; 5 Mos 18,16; 5 Mos 26,14; Jos 14,8; Jos 14,9; 2 Sam 24,24; 1 Kong 3,7; 1 Kong 5,18; 1 Kong 5,19; 1 Kong 8,28; 1 Kong 17,20; 1 Kong 17,21; 1 Kron 21,17; 1 Kron 22,7; 2 Kron 2,3; 2 Kron 6,19; 2 Kron 9,5; Sl 7,2; Sl 7,4; Sl 13,4; Sl 18,29; Sl 30,3; Sl 30,13; Sl 35,24; Sl 40,6; Sl 104,1; Sl 109,26; Es 25,1; Jer 31,18; Dan 9,4; Dan 9,20; Jon 2,7; Hab 1,12; Zak 11,4; Zak 13,9; Zak 14,5.
\ \ g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Es 60,9; Jer 2,17; Jer 2,19; Jer 3,13; Mik 7,10; Sef 3,17.
\ \ h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text 1 Mos 2,4b — 1 Mos 3,23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by RP as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); 2 Mos 9,30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2 Sam 7,22; 2 Sam 7,25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1 Kron 17,20–23 only יהוה); 1 Kron 17,16; 1 Kron 17,17 (but 2 Sam 7,18; 2 Sam 7,19 אדני יהוה) 1 Kron 28,20; 1 Kron 29,1; 2 Kron 1,9; 2 Kron 6,41 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 6,42; 2 Kron 26,18 (but in the original Sl 132,8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Sl 72,18 (the late doxology) Sl 84,12 (but it makes the line too long); Jon 4,6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.
\ \ a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words 2 Mos 20,2–12 (5 t.) = 5 Mos 5,6–16 in the law of worship of J E, 2 Mos 23,19; 2 Mos 34,24; 2 Mos 34,26 in D 234 t.; Jos 1,9; Jos 1,17; Jos 9,9; Jos 9,24 (D2); elsewhere 1 Mos 27,20; 2 Mos 15,26 (JE), Dom 6,26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1 Kron 11,2; 1 Kron 22,11; 1 Kron 22,12; 2 Kron 9,8 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 16,7; Es 7,11; Es 37,4 (twice in verse); Es 41,13; Es 43,3; Es 51,15; Es 55,5; Jer 40,2 + (3t.); Hos 12,10; Hos 13,4; Hos 14,2; Amos 9,15; Sl 81,11.
\ \ b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D2 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere 2 Mos 23,25 (E); 2 Mos 8,24; 2 Mos 10,8; 2 Mos 10,16; 2 Mos 10,17 (JE); Dom 6,10; 1 Sam 12,12; 1 Sam 12,14; 2 Kong 17,39; 2 Kong 23,21; 1 Kron 22,18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Sl 76,12; Jer 13,16 + (5 t.) Ezk 20,5; Ezk 20,7; Ezk 20,19; Ezk 20,20; Joel 2,13 + (6 t.) Zak 6,15.
\ \ c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D2 5 t.; 2 Mos 8,6 (JE) 2 Mos 3,18; 2 Mos 5,3; 2 Mos 8,22; 2 Mos 8,23; 2 Mos 10,25; 2 Mos 10,26 (E) Dom 11,24; 1 Sam 7,8; 1 Kong 8,57; 1 Kong 8,59; 1 Kong 8,61; 1 Kong 8,65; 2 Kong 18,22; 2 Kong 19,10 = Es 36,7; Es 37,20; 1 Kron 13,2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mik 4,5; Mik 7,17; Es 26,13; Jer 3,22 + (17 t.) Sl 20,8; Sl 90,17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Sl 94,23; Sl 99,5; Sl 99,8; Sl 99,9 (twice in verse); Sl 105,7; Sl 106,47; Sl 113,5; Sl 122,9; Sl 123,2; Dan 9,10; Dan 9,13; Dan 9,14.
\ \ d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם 2 Mos 10,7 (J) 2 Mos 29,46 (twice in verse); 3 Mos 26,44 (P) Dom 3,7; Dom 8,34; 1 Sam 12,9; 1 Kong 9,9; 2 Kong 17,7; 2 Kong 17,9; 2 Kong 17,14; 2 Kong 17,16; 2 Kong 17,19; 2 Kong 18,12; 2 Kron 31,6; 2 Kron 33,17; 2 Kron 34,33; Neh 9,3 (twice in verse); Neh 9,4; Jer 3,21; Jer 22,9; Jer 30,9; Jer 43,1 (twice in verse); Jer 50,4; Ezk 28,26; Ezk 34,30; Ezk 39,22; Ezk 39,28; Hos 1,7; Hos 3,5; Hos 7,10; Sef 2,7; Hag 1,12 (twice in verse); Zak 9,16; Zak 10,6.
\ \ e. with אֱלֹהָיו 4 Mos 23,21 (E) 2 Mos 32,11 (J) 3 Mos 4,22 (P) 5 Mos 17,19; 5 Mos 18,7; 1 Sam 30,6; 1 Kong 5,17; 1 Kong 11,4; 1 Kong 15,3; 1 Kong 15,4; 1 Kong 2,11; 1 Kong 16,2; 1 Kong 2,1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mik 5,3; Jer 7,28; Sl 33,12; Sl 144,15; Sl 146,5; Jon 2,2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי 4 Mos 22,18 (JE) 5 Mos 4,5; 5 Mos 18,16; 5 Mos 26,14; Jos 14,8; Jos 14,9; 2 Sam 24,24; 1 Kong 3,7; 1 Kong 5,18; 1 Kong 5,19; 1 Kong 8,28; 1 Kong 17,20; 1 Kong 17,21; 1 Kron 21,17; 1 Kron 22,7; 2 Kron 2,3; 2 Kron 6,19; 2 Kron 9,5; Sl 7,2; Sl 7,4; Sl 13,4; Sl 18,29; Sl 30,3; Sl 30,13; Sl 35,24; Sl 40,6; Sl 104,1; Sl 109,26; Es 25,1; Jer 31,18; Dan 9,4; Dan 9,20; Jon 2,7; Hab 1,12; Zak 11,4; Zak 13,9; Zak 14,5.
\ \ g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Es 60,9; Jer 2,17; Jer 2,19; Jer 3,13; Mik 7,10; Sef 3,17.
\ \ h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text 1 Mos 2,4b — 1 Mos 3,23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by RP as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); 2 Mos 9,30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2 Sam 7,22; 2 Sam 7,25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1 Kron 17,20–23 only יהוה); 1 Kron 17,16; 1 Kron 17,17 (but 2 Sam 7,18; 2 Sam 7,19 אדני יהוה) 1 Kron 28,20; 1 Kron 29,1; 2 Kron 1,9; 2 Kron 6,41 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 6,42; 2 Kron 26,18 (but in the original Sl 132,8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Sl 72,18 (the late doxology) Sl 84,12 (but it makes the line too long); Jon 4,6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.
2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
\ \ a. after אמר either alone 2 Mos 6,2; 2 Mos 6,29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: 1 Mos 28,13 (J) 1 Mos 15,7 (R) 2 Mos 6,6 (P) with אלהיכם Dom 6,10; Ezk 20,5.
\ \ b. after ידע כי (α) 2 Mos 7,17; 2 Mos 8,18; 2 Mos 10,2 (J); 2 Mos 7,5; 2 Mos 14,4; 2 Mos 14,18 (P); 1 Kong 20,13; 1 Kong 20,28; Jer 24,7; Ezk 6,7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם 2 Mos 6,7; 2 Mos 16,12; 5 Mos 29,5 (P) 2 Mos 20,20; Joel 4,17 (γ) with אלהיהם 2 Mos 29,46 (P) Ezk 28,26; Ezk 34,30; Ezk 39,22; Ezk 39,28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Es 45,3; Es 49,23; Es 49,26; Es 60,16; Ezk 7,9; Ezk 17,24; Ezk 21,10; Ezk 22,22; Ezk 35,12; Ezk 36,36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ 2 Mos 31,13 (P) Ezk 20,12; Ezk 37,28; Ezk 39,7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezk 5,13; Ezk 17,21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezk 20,26.
\ \ c. after כִּי in various combinations 3 Mos 11,44; 3 Mos 11,45; 4 Mos 35,34 (P), 3 Mos 20,7; 3 Mos 20,26; 3 Mos 21,8; 3 Mos 21,15; 3 Mos 21,23; 3 Mos 22,16; 3 Mos 24,22; 3 Mos 25,17; 3 Mos 26,1; 3 Mos 26,44 (all H); 2 Mos 15,26 (R) Es 41,13; Es 43,3; Es 61,8; Jer 9,23; Ezk 12,25; Ezk 21,4; Zak 10,6; Mal 3,6.
\ \ d. emphatic 2 Mos 6,8; 2 Mos 12,12; 3 Mos 26,2; 3 Mos 26,45; 4 Mos 3,13; 4 Mos 3,41; 4 Mos 3,45 (all P); 3 Mos 18,5; 3 Mos 18,6; 3 Mos 18,21; 3 Mos 19,12; 3 Mos 19,14; 3 Mos 19,16; 3 Mos 19,18; 3 Mos 19,28; 3 Mos 19,30; 3 Mos 19,32; 3 Mos 19,37; 3 Mos 21,12; 3 Mos 22,2; 3 Mos 22,3; 3 Mos 22,8; 3 Mos 22,30; 3 Mos 22,31; 3 Mos 22,33 (all H) Es 43,15 with אלהיהם 2 Mos 29,46 with אלהיךָ Es 48,17 with אלהיכם 3 Mos 23,43; 3 Mos 25,38; 3 Mos 25,55; 4 Mos 10,10; 4 Mos 15,41 (twice in verse) (P) 3 Mos 18,2; 3 Mos 18,4; 3 Mos 18,30; 3 Mos 19,2; 3 Mos 19,3; 3 Mos 19,4; 3 Mos 19,10; 3 Mos 19,25; 3 Mos 19,31; 3 Mos 19,34; 3 Mos 19,36; 3 Mos 20,24; 3 Mos 23,22; 3 Mos 26,13 (all H) Ezk 20,7; Ezk 20,19; Joel 2,27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ 3 Mos 20,8; 3 Mos 22,9; 3 Mos 22,32 (H), with דברתי 4 Mos 14,35 (P) Ezk 5,15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Es 27,3; Es 41,4; Es 41,17; Es 42,6; Es 42,8; Es 45,5; Es 45,6; Es 45,7; Es 45,8; Es 45,18; Es 45,19; Es 45,21; Es 60,22; Jer 17,10; Jer 32,27; Ezk 14,4; Ezk 14,7; Ezk 14,9; Ezk 34,24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words 2 Mos 20,2; 2 Mos 20,5 = 5 Mos 5,6; 5 Mos 5,9 cited Sl 81,11; Hos 12,10; Hos 13,4 elsewhere only 2 Mos 4,11 (J) Es 43,11; Es 44,24; Es 51,15.
\ \ a. after אמר either alone 2 Mos 6,2; 2 Mos 6,29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: 1 Mos 28,13 (J) 1 Mos 15,7 (R) 2 Mos 6,6 (P) with אלהיכם Dom 6,10; Ezk 20,5.
\ \ b. after ידע כי (α) 2 Mos 7,17; 2 Mos 8,18; 2 Mos 10,2 (J); 2 Mos 7,5; 2 Mos 14,4; 2 Mos 14,18 (P); 1 Kong 20,13; 1 Kong 20,28; Jer 24,7; Ezk 6,7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם 2 Mos 6,7; 2 Mos 16,12; 5 Mos 29,5 (P) 2 Mos 20,20; Joel 4,17 (γ) with אלהיהם 2 Mos 29,46 (P) Ezk 28,26; Ezk 34,30; Ezk 39,22; Ezk 39,28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Es 45,3; Es 49,23; Es 49,26; Es 60,16; Ezk 7,9; Ezk 17,24; Ezk 21,10; Ezk 22,22; Ezk 35,12; Ezk 36,36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ 2 Mos 31,13 (P) Ezk 20,12; Ezk 37,28; Ezk 39,7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezk 5,13; Ezk 17,21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezk 20,26.
\ \ c. after כִּי in various combinations 3 Mos 11,44; 3 Mos 11,45; 4 Mos 35,34 (P), 3 Mos 20,7; 3 Mos 20,26; 3 Mos 21,8; 3 Mos 21,15; 3 Mos 21,23; 3 Mos 22,16; 3 Mos 24,22; 3 Mos 25,17; 3 Mos 26,1; 3 Mos 26,44 (all H); 2 Mos 15,26 (R) Es 41,13; Es 43,3; Es 61,8; Jer 9,23; Ezk 12,25; Ezk 21,4; Zak 10,6; Mal 3,6.
\ \ d. emphatic 2 Mos 6,8; 2 Mos 12,12; 3 Mos 26,2; 3 Mos 26,45; 4 Mos 3,13; 4 Mos 3,41; 4 Mos 3,45 (all P); 3 Mos 18,5; 3 Mos 18,6; 3 Mos 18,21; 3 Mos 19,12; 3 Mos 19,14; 3 Mos 19,16; 3 Mos 19,18; 3 Mos 19,28; 3 Mos 19,30; 3 Mos 19,32; 3 Mos 19,37; 3 Mos 21,12; 3 Mos 22,2; 3 Mos 22,3; 3 Mos 22,8; 3 Mos 22,30; 3 Mos 22,31; 3 Mos 22,33 (all H) Es 43,15 with אלהיהם 2 Mos 29,46 with אלהיךָ Es 48,17 with אלהיכם 3 Mos 23,43; 3 Mos 25,38; 3 Mos 25,55; 4 Mos 10,10; 4 Mos 15,41 (twice in verse) (P) 3 Mos 18,2; 3 Mos 18,4; 3 Mos 18,30; 3 Mos 19,2; 3 Mos 19,3; 3 Mos 19,4; 3 Mos 19,10; 3 Mos 19,25; 3 Mos 19,31; 3 Mos 19,34; 3 Mos 19,36; 3 Mos 20,24; 3 Mos 23,22; 3 Mos 26,13 (all H) Ezk 20,7; Ezk 20,19; Joel 2,27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ 3 Mos 20,8; 3 Mos 22,9; 3 Mos 22,32 (H), with דברתי 4 Mos 14,35 (P) Ezk 5,15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Es 27,3; Es 41,4; Es 41,17; Es 42,6; Es 42,8; Es 45,5; Es 45,6; Es 45,7; Es 45,8; Es 45,18; Es 45,19; Es 45,21; Es 60,22; Jer 17,10; Jer 32,27; Ezk 14,4; Ezk 14,7; Ezk 14,9; Ezk 34,24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words 2 Mos 20,2; 2 Mos 20,5 = 5 Mos 5,6; 5 Mos 5,9 cited Sl 81,11; Hos 12,10; Hos 13,4 elsewhere only 2 Mos 4,11 (J) Es 43,11; Es 44,24; Es 51,15.
3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה 1 Mos 22,14 (J); יהוה נסי 2 Mos 17,15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Dom 6,24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33,16 (compare Jer 23,6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezk 48,35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.
Note. — BonkZAW 1891, 126 ff. seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.
הוֺר BDB2139
[הוֺר], assumed by Thes and others as ancient form for הַר mountain, to explain הוֺרַי 1 Mos 49,26, read הוֺרֵיעָֿד; but better הַרֲרֵיעַֿד everlasting mountains, see הַר below הרר.
Forekomster pr. bog
Alle 497 vers
Versnumrene følger den hebraiske tekst og kan i enkelte bøger (fx Salmerne) afvige med et vers fra de danske.
2. Mosebog
4. Mosebog
5. Mosebog
Josvas Bog
Dommernes Bog
Salmernes Bog
Esajas' Bog
Jeremias' Bog
Ezekiels Bog
Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.