סָבַב

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ס Ezk 42,19 +; 1 singular סַבֹּ֫תִי 1 Sam 22,22 (but see below), סַבּ֫וֺתִי Praed 2,20; Praed 7,25 3 plural סָָֽבְבוּ Jos 6,15 + 1 Sam 14,21; 2 Sam 24,6 (see below), suffix סְבָבוּנִי Sl 18,6 +, סַבּוּנִי Sl 88,18 + 2 t., סַבֻּנִי 2 Sam 22,6 2 masculine plural וְסַבֹּתֶם consecutive Jos 6,3, etc.; Imperfect יָסֹב 1 Kong 7,15 +, suffix יְסֻבֵּנִי Sl 49,6 oftener יִסֹּב 1 Sam 5,8 +, וַיִּסֹּב 1 Mos 42,24 +; 3 masculine plural יָסֹ֫בוּ Job 16,13, וַיָּסֹ֫בוּ Jos 6,14 +, 3 feminine plural תְּסֻבֶּינָה 1 Mos 37,7, etc.; Imperative masculine singular סֹב 1 Sam 22,18, feminine singular סֹ֫בִּי Es 23,16, etc.; Infinitive construct לִסְבֹּב 4 Mos 21,4, סֹב 5 Mos 2,3 Participle סוֺבֵב 2 Kong 6,15 +, הַסֹּבֵיב 2 Kong 8,21 (Ginsb הִסְבִּיב Kt, הַסֹּבֵב Qr), etc.; —

1. turn, intransitive (Imperfect of form יִסֹּב in this sense only):
\ \ a. turn about, often as preliminary to something else 1 Sam 15,12; 1 Sam 15,27 (followed by infinitive), 1 Kron 16,43 (id.; וַ֫יָּשָׁב in || 2 Sam 6,20) + 1 Sam 14,21 (read סָֽבְבוּ גַם for ᵑ0 סָבִיב וְגַם, ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Th We, etc.), Jer 41,14 a (+ שׁוב v^b, but ᵐ5 omits v^a compare Gie), Praed 1,6 (twice in verse); of door, Ord 26,14 turn on (עַל) its hinge (compare Niph`al Ezk 26,2); turn (toward one) 1 Sam 22,17; 1 Sam 22,18 (twice in verse); 2 Sam 18,30 (twice in verse); Hoj 2,17 (see Bu); also with אֶלֿ 2 Sam 14,24 (twice in verse); + 2 Sam 24,6 (read סָֽבְבוּ for סָבִיב We Dr Bu Kit HPS; Klo יָסֹבוּ, compare Löhr), Ezk 42,19; Praed 1,6, אֶלאַֿחֲרָ֑י 2 Kong 9,18; 2 Kong 9,19 of cup of ׳י, it shall come round unto (עַלֿ, with hostile implication; עָבַר עַל Klg 4,22) Hab 2,16 of Jordan, turn לְאָחוֺר Sl 114,3; Sl 114,5 turn about from (מֵעַל) 1 Mos 42,24, (מִן) 1 Sam 18,11, + אֶלֿ 1 Sam 17,30 so of inheritance 4 Mos 36,7 it shall not go about from (מִן) tribe to (אֶלֿ) tribe, also v4 Mos 36,9 (לְ for אֶלֿ); compare (absolute) וַתִּסֹּב הַמְּלוּכָה וַתְּהִי לְאָתִי 1 Kong 2,15 (compare Hiph`il 1 b); = be brought round, with accusative of location 1 Sam 5,8 (of ark).
\ \ b. turn = change, only Zak 14,10 (of land, changed like [כְּ, i.e. into] a plain), compare Hiph`il 1 c. c. figurative turn (in a new direction) to do something (infinitive) Praed 2,20; Praed 7,25. — Sl 71,21 is dubious; Bae reads וְתָשֻׁב for וְתִסֹּב after ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9; Hup-Now Che and others below
\ \ a. above: turn, comfort me. — Job 10,8 read אַחַר תִּסֹּב for ᵑ0 יחד סביב De and others

2. a. march, or walk, around, with accusative (city) Jos 6,3; Jos 6,4; Jos 6,7; Jos 6,14; Jos 6,15 (twice in verse) (all J E), Sl 48,13 possibly also נָסֹב 1 Sam 16,11 (of marching about altar? so HPS; turn to do something else Th), but compare תסוב Praed 32,1 sit about a table (see Schechter^{BS p. 56, and} compare מֵסַב), or read נֵשֵׁב Weir in Dr Kit Bu Löhr (perhaps).
\ \ b. go partly round, circle about, skirt, with accusative (land) 4 Mos 21,4 (JE) Dom 11,18, also 5 Mos 2,1; 5 Mos 2,3 of rivers 1 Mos 2,11; 1 Mos 2,13.
\ \ c. make a round, or circuit, go about to, with accusative of location 1 Sam 7,16 go about in (בְּ) 2 Kron 17,9, compare also (with בְּ) 2 Kron 23,2; Hoj 3,5; Hoj 5,7; Praed 12,5, so with accusative Es 23,16 = make a circuitous march 2 Kong 3,9 (with accusative דֶּרֶךְ). — See also 2 Sam 5,23; 1 Kron 14,14 Hiph`il 2 a. d. surround, encompass, absolute 1 Mos 37,7 (E); with accusative Job 40,22 with hostile purpose, 2 Kong 6,15; Praed 9,14 (both of siege), compare 2 Kong 3,25 accusative omitted Dom 16,2, compare 2 Sam 18,15 with accusative of thing + עַלֿ person Dom 20,5 with עַלֿ person alone Job 16,13; 2 Kron 18,31 with אֶלֿ person 2 Kong 8,21 = 2 Kron 21,9 often figurative in poetry, with accusative Hos 7,2; 2 Sam 22,6 = Sl 18,6; Sl 22,13; Sl 22,17; Sl 49,6; Sl 88,18; Sl 118,10; Sl 118,11 (twice in verse); Sl 118,12 so also Sl 17,11 (Kt סְבָבוּנִי, Qr סְבָבוּנוּ; on text see especially Hup-Now); literally of cord surrounding (measuring circumference of), with accusative 1 Kong 7,15 = Jer 52,21; 1 Kong 7,23 = 2 Kron 4,2 of ornaments, etc., surrounding something (accusative) 1 Kong 7,24; 2 Kron 4,3 surround one with something (2 accusative) 1 Kong 5,17; Sl 109,3 accusative + בְּ instrumental Hos 12,1 לָעֹפֶל ׳ס 2 Kron 33,14 (i.e. build a wall around it). — 1 Sam 22,22 read חַבְתִּי (√ חוּב), ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Th We Dr Kit Bu Löhr HPS. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נָסַב Jos 15,3 +; 3 feminine singular נָסֵ֫בָּה Ezk 26,2 (Ges^{«GKC:67t»§ 67t} St^{§ 410 b} Kö^{i. 342}); וְנָָֽסְבָה Ezk 41,7 (but read וְנוֺסְפָה Ew Sm Co Toy^Hpt, compare Berthol); 3 plural נָסַ֫בּוּ 1 Mos 19,4 +; Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִסַּ֫בּוּ Ezk 1,9 + 5 t.; —

1. a. turn oneself against (עַלֿ), close round upon (עַל) 1 Mos 19,4 (J) Jos 7,9 (JE); with accusative Dom 19,22.
\ \ b. turn round (from a direct course), of wheels Ezk 1,9; Ezk 1,12; Ezk 1,17; Ezk 10,11 (twice in verse), also vEzk 10,16 (but dubious, Co ישׁבו, Toy^Hpt leave, Symm ἀπελείποντο); נָסֵ֫בָּה אֵלַי Ezk 26,2 of Jerusalem under figure of door (Sm Co Berthol Toy^Hpt).
\ \ c. especially of boundary (Hexateuch only P): turn round from (מִן), toward (לְ) 4 Mos 34,4, + ה locative Jos 18,14 with מִן + ה locative + אֶלֿ Jos 15,10 with מִן alone 4 Mos 34,5 with ה locative alone Jer 31,39; Jos 15,3; Jos 16,6 circle about, skirt, with accusative Jos 19,14.

2. passive be turned over to (לְ), into the power of, Jer 6,12. Pi`el Infinitiveconstruct סַבֵּב אֶתפְּֿנֵי הַדָּבָר 2 Sam 14,20 to change, transform, the aspect of the matter. Po`. Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יְסֹבְבֵנִי Jon 2,4; Jon 2,6, יְסֹבְבֶנְהוּ 5 Mos 32,10, יְסוֺבְבֶנּוּ Sl 32,10 3 feminine singular תְּסוֺבֵב Jer 31,22, etc.; — encompass, surround (in poetry and chiefly late): —

1. encompass (with protection), with accusative 5 Mos 32,10 ( ׳י subject), with 2 accusative חֶסֶד יְסוֺבְבֶנּוּ Sl 32,10, compare vSl 32,7 (but 2nd object here dubious); similarly נְקֵבָה תְּסוֺבֵב גָּ֑בֶר Jer 31,22 i.e. either shall protect (so most) or (Che, compare Gf) the woman (figurative of Israel), instead of holding aloof (הַבַּת הַשּׁוֺבֵבָה vJer 31,22), will, in the new future which ׳י creates, with affection press round her divine husband.

2. come about, assemble round (accusative of person ׳י) Sl 7,8.

3. march or go about, city (accusative) Sl 55,11; Sl 59,7; Sl 59,15 altar (in solemn procession) Sl 26,6 go about in (בְּ) city Hoj 3,2.

4. enclose, envelop, with accusative of person Jon 2,4; Jon 2,6 (of waters).

1. a. turn (transitive), cause to turn: turn face (accusative) Dom 18,23; 1 Kong 8,14 = 2 Kron 6,3 (all = turn toward); = turn round face 1 Kong 21,4, + אֶלהַֿקִּיר 2 Kong 20,2 = Es 38,2 + מִן Ezk 7,22 (subject ׳י), 2 Kron 29,6 (of neglect), 2 Kron 35,22 (of avoiding battle); turn away eyes from (מִן), Hoj 6,5 turn (back), change heart 1 Kong 18,37 (recall from apostasy; + אֲחֹרַנִּית), Ezr 6,22 (+ עַלֿ); turn back, reverse (weapons) Jer 21,4.
\ \ b. bring over (i.e. to allegiance), with accusative + אֶלֿ person, 2 Sam 3,12; 1 Kron 12,24 (van d. H. v.1 Kron 12,23); of ׳י, turn over kingdom to (לְ) 1 Kron 10,14 (compare Qal 1 a, 1 Kong 2,15).
\ \ c. turn into, of changing name, 2 accusative 2 Kong 23,24 = 2 Kron 36,4; 2 Kong 24,14.
\ \ d. = bring round, with accusative 1 Sam 5,8; 1 Sam 5,9 + מִן 2 Sam 20,12 + אֶלֿ 1 Sam 5,10; 1 Kron 13,3 + accusative of location 2 Kong 16,18 (sense obscure).

2. a. cause to go around: of carrying ark around city (2 accusative) Jos 6,11 (J E; but Qal ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9); lead round , i.e. by a round-about way, accusative of person + accusative דֶּרֶךְ 2 Mos 13,18 (E) Ezk 47,2 with accusative + infinitive of purpose 2 Kron 13,13 accusative omitted, lead round toward (אֶלֿ) 2 Sam 5,23, away from (מֵעַלֿ) || 1 Kron 14,14 (where, however, perhaps read as Samuel, so Be Öttli, and, in both, סֹב for הָסֵב Dr Kit^Kau Hpt Bu HPS Löhr).
\ \ b. surround with (accusative) wall, 2 Kron 14,6 (accusative of city omitted).
\ \ c. perhaps also encompass (as foe), מְסִבָּ֑י Sl 140,10 those encompassing me (others below מֵסַב below).

1. be turned, of cart wheel, with עַלֿ upon, over; מוּסַבּוֺת דְּלָתוֺת Ezk 41,24 participle apparently as gerundive, that can be turned, movable (Ges^{«GKC:116e»§ 116e}; Co reads ׳צלעות מ, compare Toy^Hpt); שֵׁם ׳מוּס 4 Mos 32,38 turned (i.e. changed) as to name, but gloss, see Di.

2. surrounded, i.e. set, of jewels (participle construct) 2 Mos 28,11; 2 Mos 39,6; 2 Mos 39,13 (all P).