בָּרוּךְ

Qal Imperfect יִבְּרַךְ 2 Kron 6,13 נִבְרְכָה Sl 95,6 בָּרוֺךְ (see Pi`el); Passive participle בָּרוּךְ 1 Mos 9,26 + 70 t.; —

1. kneel down (so Arabic, Syriac, Ethiopic): וַיִּבְרַךְ עַלבִּֿרְכָּיו and he kneeled upon his knees 2 Kron 6,13 ׳נִבְרְכָה לפני י let us kneel before Yahweh Sl 95,6.

2. bless (only passive participle).
\ \ a. of God: ׳בָּרוּךְ י blessed be (or is) ׳י 2 Mos 18,10 (E) 1 Mos 9,26; 1 Mos 24,27 (J) Rut 4,14; 1 Sam 25,32: 1 Sam 25,39; 2 Sam 18,28; 1 Kong 1,48; 1 Kong 5,21; 1 Kong 8,51; 1 Kong 8,56; 1 Kong 10,9; 1 Kron 16,36; 1 Kron 29,10; 2 Kron 2,11; 2 Kron 6,4; 2 Kron 9,8; Sl 28,6; Sl 31,22; Sl 41,14; Sl 72,18; Sl 89,53; Sl 106,48; Sl 119,12; Sl 124,6; Sl 135,21; Sl 144,1; Zak 11,5 אלהים ׳ב Sl 66,20; Sl 68,36 אדני ׳ב Sl 68,20 (probably for an original יהוה); אל עליון ׳ב 1 Mos 14,20 (E); צוּרִי ׳ב 2 Sam 22,47 (= Sl 18,47); ׳כבוד י ׳ב Ezk 3,12 שׁם ׳ב כבודו Sl 72,19.
\ \ b. of men: 1 Mos 27,33 (J) 4 Mos 22,12 (E) 5 Mos 7,14; 5 Mos 28,3; 5 Mos 28,6; 5 Mos 33,20; 5 Mos 33,24; 1 Sam 25,33; 1 Sam 26,25; Dom 17,2; 1 Kong 2,45; Sl 118,26; Es 19,25; Jer 17,7; Jer 20,14 מברכך ברוך blessed be the one blessing thee 1 Mos 27,29; 4 Mos 24,9 (E); ליהוה ׳ב Rut 2,19; Rut 2,20; Rut 3,10; 1 Sam 15,13; 1 Sam 23,21; 2 Sam 2,5; Sl 115,15 לאל עליון ׳ב 1 Mos 14,19 ׳בְּרוּךְ י 1 Mos 24,31; 1 Mos 26,29 (J); ׳בְּרוּכֵי י Es 65,23.
\ \ c. things: בָּרוּךְ פרי בטנך blessed be the fruit of thy womb 5 Mos 28,4 compare 5 Mos 28,5; 1 Sam 25,33; Ord 5,18. Niph`al Perfect נִבְרְכוּ 1 Mos 12,3; 1 Mos 18,18; 1 Mos 28,14 (J) bless oneself (compare Hithpa`el). Pi`el₂₃₃ Perfect בֵּרַךְ 1 Mos 24,1 + 29 t.; בֵּרֵךְ Sl 10,3; 4 Mos 23,20 בֵּרְכוּ 2 Kron 20,26 וּבֵרֲכוּ Job 1,5 suffix בֵּרֲכוֺ, בֵּרֲכַּנִי, etc., 1 Mos 27,27 + 5 t.; בֵּרַכְךָ 5 Mos 2,7 + 9 t.; Imperfect יְבָרֵךְ, וַיְּבֶ֫רֶךְ etc., 1 Mos 28,3 + 52 t.; אֲבָֽרֲכָה 1 Mos 12,3 + 2 t.; plural יְבָֽרֲכוּ 1 Mos 24,60 + 11 t.; suffix יְבָרֶכְךָ 1 Mos 27,10 + 21 t.; יְבָֽרֲכֶךָּ 1 Mos 49,25 + 2 t.; יְבָֽרֲכֵהוּ 1 Mos 14,19 + 16 t.; יְבָֽרֲכֵם 1 Mos 48,20 + 6 t.; אֲבָרֶכְכָה 1 Mos 27,7 תְּבָֽרֲכַּ נִּי 1 Mos 27,19; 1 Mos 27,31 יְבָֽרֲכֶנְהוּ Sl 72,15 יְבָֽרֲכוּכָה Sl 145,10 Imperative בָּרֵךְ 5 Mos 33,11 + 29 t.; Infinitive construct בָּרֵךְ 1 Mos 22,17 + 24 t.; Infinitive absolute בָּרוֺךְ Jos 24,10 (Ki, compare Kö^{i. 191}, Ew^{§ 240 b, 2} Ol Sta); Participle מְבָרֵךְ Ord 27,14 + 4 t.; —

1. bless God, adore with bended knees: accusative ׳ברך י 1 Mos 24,48 (J) 5 Mos 8,10; Dom 5,2; Dom 5,9; 1 Kron 29,10; 1 Kron 29,20; 2 Kron 20,26; 2 Kron 31,8; Neh 9,5; Sl 16,7; Sl 26,12; Sl 34,2; Sl 63,5; Sl 103,20; Sl 103,21; Sl 103,22; Sl 115,18; Sl 134,1; Sl 134,2; Sl 135,19; Sl 135,20; Sl 145,2; Sl 145,10 ברכי ׳נפשׁי את י Sl 103,1; Sl 103,2; Sl 103,22; Sl 104,1; Sl 104,35 ברך שׁם bless the name of Yahweh Neh 9,5; Sl 96,2; Sl 100,4; Sl 145,1; Sl 145,21 ברך אלהים Jos 22,33; Sl 66,8; Sl 68,27 (doubtless for an original יהוה), with לְ 1 Kron 29,20 מְבָרֵךְ אָוָן Es 66,3 (of idolatrous worship).

2. God blesses
\ \ a. men: absolute 4 Mos 23,20 (E) Sl 109,28 with accusative Gen 32:27; 1 Mos 32,30; 1 Mos 48,16; 2 Mos 20,24; 4 Mos 24,1; Jos 24,10 (E) 1 Mos 12,2; 1 Mos 12,3; 1 Mos 22,17; 1 Mos 24,1; 1 Mos 24,35; 1 Mos 26,12; 1 Mos 30,27; 1 Mos 30,30; 1 Mos 39,5; 1 Mos 49,25; Jos 17,14 (J) 1 Mos 1,22; 1 Mos 1,28; 1 Mos 5,2; 1 Mos 9,1; 1 Mos 17,16; 1 Mos 17,20; 1 Mos 25,11; 1 Mos 26,3; 1 Mos 26,24; 1 Mos 28,3; 1 Mos 35,9; 1 Mos 48,3; 4 Mos 6,24; 4 Mos 6,27 (P) 5 Mos 1,11; 5 Mos 2,7; 5 Mos 7,13; 5 Mos 12,7; 5 Mos 14,24; 5 Mos 14,29; 5 Mos 15,4; 5 Mos 15,6; 5 Mos 15,10; 5 Mos 15,14; 5 Mos 15,18; 5 Mos 16,10; 5 Mos 16,15; 5 Mos 23,21; 5 Mos 24,13; 5 Mos 24,19; 5 Mos 26,15; 5 Mos 28,8; 5 Mos 30,16; 5 Mos 2,11; 5 Mos 2,12; 5 Mos 7,29; 5 Mos 1,10; 5 Mos 13,14; 5 Mos 17,27; 5 Mos 26,5; 5 Mos 2,10; Sl 5,13; Sl 28,9; Sl 29,11; Sl 45,3; Sl 67,2; Sl 67,7; Sl 67,8; Sl 107,38; Sl 115,12; Sl 115,13; Sl 128,5; Sl 134,3; Sl 147,13; Ord 3,33; Es 19,25; Es 51,2; Es 61,9; Jer 31,23; Hag 2,19,
\ \ b. things: Sabbath 1 Mos 2,3; 2 Mos 20,11 (P); field 1 Mos 27,27 (E); bread 2 Mos 23,25 (E); work 5 Mos 28,12; Job 1,10 compare 5 Mos 33,11; Sl 65,11; Sl 132,15.

3. men bless men: priests & kings ׳בשׁם י 5 Mos 10,8; 5 Mos 21,5; 2 Sam 6,18; 1 Kron 16,2; 1 Kron 23,13; Sl 129,8 Melchizedek Abraham 1 Mos 14,19 Moses 5 Mos 33,1; 2 Mos 12,32; 2 Mos 39,43 Joshua Jos 14,13; Jos 22,6; Jos 22,7 priests 3 Mos 9,22; 3 Mos 9,23; 4 Mos 6,23; 5 Mos 27,12; Jos 8,33; 2 Kron 30,27; Sl 118,26 Solomon 1 Kong 8,14; 1 Kong 8,55 ( = 2 Kron 6,3); David 2 Sam 6,20 (= 1 Kron 16,43) 2 Sam 19,40 Eli 1 Sam 2,20 Balaam 4 Mos 22,6; 4 Mos 23,11; 4 Mos 23,20; 4 Mos 23,25; 4 Mos 24,10 fathers, especially on death-bed 1 Mos 27,4 + 12 t. 1 Mos 27,1–200 (all J E) 1 Mos 28,1; 1 Mos 28,6 (P) 1 Mos 32,1 (E) 1 Mos 48,9 (P) 1 Mos 48,15; 1 Mos 48,20; 1 Mos 49,28 (J) 2 Sam 13,25 in consecrating a sacrifice 1 Sam 9,13.

4. salute, greet, with an invocation of blessing (stronger than שׁלום):בך יברך ישׂראל with thee will Israel bless 1 Mos 48,20 (E).
\ \ a. in meeting 1 Mos 47,7 (P) 2 Kong 4,29; 2 Kong 10,15; 1 Sam 13,10.
\ \ b. in departing 1 Mos 24,60 (J) 1 Mos 47,10 (P) 1 Kong 8,66.
\ \ c. by messengers 1 Sam 25,14; 2 Sam 8,10; 1 Kron 18,10.
\ \ d. in gratitude Job 31,20; Ord 30,11; Neh 11,2.
\ \ e. morning salutation Ord 27,14. feminine congratulations for prosperity 1 Mos 12,3 (J) 1 Mos 27,29; 4 Mos 24,9 (E) 1 Kong 1,47; Sl 49,19; Sl 62,5.
\ \ g. in homage 2 Sam 14,22; Sl 72,15.
\ \ h. in friendliness 2 Sam 21,3.

5. bless, with the antithetical meaning curse (Thes) from the greeting in departing, saying adieu to, taking leave of; but rather a blessing overdone and so really a curse as in vulgar English as well as in the Shemitic cognates: 1 Kong 21,10; 1 Kong 21,13; Job 1,5; Job 1,11; Job 2,5; Job 2,9; Sl 10,3. Pu`al Imperfect יְבֹרַךְ 2 Sam 7,29 + 3 t.; תְּבֹרַךְ Dom 5,24; Ord 20,21 Participle מְבֹרָךְ 4 Mos 22,6 + 3 t.; feminine מְבֹרֶכֶת 5 Mos 33,13 מְבֹרָכָיו Sl 37,22 —

1. passive to be blessed, adored: ׳שׁם י Job 1,21; Sl 113,2

2. prospered by God:
\ \ a. persons 2 Sam 7,29; 1 Kron 17,27; Sl 37,22; Sl 112,2; Sl 128,4; Ord 20,21.
\ \ b. things 5 Mos 33,13.

3. have prosperity invoked, by Balaam 4 Mos 22,6.

4. in gratitude Ord 22,9; Dom 5,24. Hiph`il וַיַּבְרֵךְ חַגְּמַלִּים and he made his camels kneel 1 Mos 24,11 (J). Hithpa`el הִתְבָּרֵךְ 5 Mos 29,18 + 3 t.; Imperfect יִתְבָּרֵךְ Es 65,16; Sl 72,17 Participle מִתְבָּרֵךְ Es 65,16 — bless oneself, congratulate onself בלבבו in his heart 5 Mos 29,18 בזרעך with or by (compare בְּ III.

2. d) thy seed (invoke for oneself the blessing of the see of Abraham) 1 Mos 22,18; 1 Mos 26,4 (J); by the Messianic king Sl 72,17 באלהי אמן Es 65,16 by ׳י Jer 4,2.