בָּשָׂר
Engelsk flesh
I GT 273 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
בָּשָׂר266 noun masculine flesh (compare Arabic skin, Syriac , Assyrian bišru, blood-relation, DlAssyrian Stud. i. 143, compare Pr. 170, Sabean בשר תורם flesh of bulls) — 1 Mos 2,21 + 126 t.; construct בְּשַׂר 1 Mos 17,11 + 40 t.; suffix בּשָׂרִי etc. Sl 16,9 + 96 t.; plural בְּשָׂרִים Ord 14,30 —
1. of the body:
\ \ a. of animals 1 Mos 41,2–19; 2 Mos 21,28; 2 Mos 22,30; 4 Mos 12,12 (E) 4 Mos 11,4–33 (JE) 1 Mos 9,4 + (P 30 t.) 5 Mos 12,15 + (D 9 t.) Dom 6,19–21; 1 Sam 2,13; 1 Sam 2,15; 1 Kong 17,6; 1 Kong 19,21; Job 31,31; Job 41,15; Sl 50,13; Ord 23,20; Es 22,13; Es 44,16; Es 44,19; Es 65,4; Es 66,17; Jer 7,21; Jer 11,15; Ezk 4,14 + 6 t. Dan 10,3; Hos 8,13; Mik 3,3; Hag 2,12; Zak 11,9; Zak 11,16.
\ \ b. of men 1 Mos 40,19 (E) 1 Mos 2,21; 2 Mos 4,7 (J) 3 Mos 12,3; 3 Mos 13,2 + 16 t. 3 Mos 26,29 (P) 5 Mos 28,53; 5 Mos 28,55; 5 Mos 32,42; Dom 8,7; 1 Sam 17,44; 1 Kong 4,34; 1 Kong 5,10; 1 Kong 5,14; 1 Kong 6,30; 1 Kong 9,36; Job 2,5; Job 4,15; Job 6,12; Job 7,5; Job 10,11; Job 13,14; Job 19,20; Job 19,22; Job 21,6; Job 33,21; Job 33,25; Sl 27,2; Sl 38,4; Sl 38,8; Sl 79,2; Sl 102,6; Sl 109,24; Ord 4,22; Ord 5,11; Es 9,19; Es 17,4; Es 49,26; Es 37,6; Es 37,8; Es 39,17; Es 39,18; . The flesh of the body is contrasted with stone Ezk 11,19; Ezk 36,26.
\ \ a. of animals 1 Mos 41,2–19; 2 Mos 21,28; 2 Mos 22,30; 4 Mos 12,12 (E) 4 Mos 11,4–33 (JE) 1 Mos 9,4 + (P 30 t.) 5 Mos 12,15 + (D 9 t.) Dom 6,19–21; 1 Sam 2,13; 1 Sam 2,15; 1 Kong 17,6; 1 Kong 19,21; Job 31,31; Job 41,15; Sl 50,13; Ord 23,20; Es 22,13; Es 44,16; Es 44,19; Es 65,4; Es 66,17; Jer 7,21; Jer 11,15; Ezk 4,14 + 6 t. Dan 10,3; Hos 8,13; Mik 3,3; Hag 2,12; Zak 11,9; Zak 11,16.
\ \ b. of men 1 Mos 40,19 (E) 1 Mos 2,21; 2 Mos 4,7 (J) 3 Mos 12,3; 3 Mos 13,2 + 16 t. 3 Mos 26,29 (P) 5 Mos 28,53; 5 Mos 28,55; 5 Mos 32,42; Dom 8,7; 1 Sam 17,44; 1 Kong 4,34; 1 Kong 5,10; 1 Kong 5,14; 1 Kong 6,30; 1 Kong 9,36; Job 2,5; Job 4,15; Job 6,12; Job 7,5; Job 10,11; Job 13,14; Job 19,20; Job 19,22; Job 21,6; Job 33,21; Job 33,25; Sl 27,2; Sl 38,4; Sl 38,8; Sl 79,2; Sl 102,6; Sl 109,24; Ord 4,22; Ord 5,11; Es 9,19; Es 17,4; Es 49,26; Es 37,6; Es 37,8; Es 39,17; Es 39,18; . The flesh of the body is contrasted with stone Ezk 11,19; Ezk 36,26.
2. flesh for the body itself (especially in P): על בשׂר אדם לא ייסך upon the body of man it shall not be poured 2 Mos 30,32 (P); מכנסי בד ילבשׁ על בשׂרו linen drawers shall he put on his body 3 Mos 6,3; 3 Mos 16,4 (P); וישׂם שׂק על בשׂרו 1 Kong 2,1–200:27; ורחץ את בשׂרו and he shall bath his body 3 Mos 14,9; 3 Mos 15,13; 3 Mos 15,16; 3 Mos 16,24; 3 Mos 16,26; 3 Mos 16,28; 3 Mos 17,16; 3 Mos 22,6; 4 Mos 19,7; 4 Mos 19,8 (P); שׂרט לנפשׁ לא תתנו בכשׂרכם ye shall not put any cutting for any one in your body 3 Mos 19,28 compare 3 Mos 21,5 (P); והעבירו תער על כל בשׂרם and they shall pass a razor over all their body 4 Mos 8,7 (P). Ecclesiastes uses בשׂר only in this sense Praed 2,3; Praed 4,5; Praed 5,5; Praed 11,10; Praed 12,12 elsewhere this usage only in poetry; the body antithetical to נפשׁ Job 14,22; Es 10,18; Sl 63,2 לב Sl 16,9; Sl 84,3; Ord 14,30 (only here emphatic plural = entire body Bö§ 695, Leiblichkeit De); מִבְּשָׂרִי apart from my body, in disembodied state Job 19,26 סמר מפחדך בשׂרי my body trembleth for fear of thee Sl 119,120.
3. make organ of generation (euphemism): בְּשַׂר עָרְלַתְכֶם 1 Mos 17,11; 1 Mos 17,14; 1 Mos 17,23; 1 Mos 17,24; 1 Mos 17,25 (P); בשׂר ערוה 2 Mos 28,42 (P), but בשׂר 1 Mos 17,14; 3 Mos 15,2–19 (P) Ezk 16,26; Ezk 23,20; Ezk 44,7; Ezk 44,9.
4. flesh for kindred, blood-relations: עצם מעצמי ובשׂר מבשׂרי bone of my bone and flesh of my flesh 1 Mos 2,23 (J); והיו לבשׂר אחד and they shall become one flesh 1 Mos 2,24 (J); עצמי ובשׂרי 1 Mos 29,14 (J) Dom 9,2; 2 Sam 5,1; 2 Sam 19,13; 2 Sam 19,14; 1 Kron 11,1 בשׂר with suffix in same sense 1 Mos 37,27 (J) Neh 5,5; Es 58,7, for which שְׁאֵר בשׂרו near of kin, man or woman 3 Mos 18,6; 3 Mos 25,49 (both H; 3 Mos 25,49 || מִשְׁפָּחָה, compare RSk149).
5. man over against God as frail or erring 1 Mos 6,3 (J) Sl 56,5; Sl 78,39 eyes of flesh Job 10,4 arm of flesh 2 Kron 32,8; Jer 17,5 horses are flesh not spirit Es 31,3
6. the phrase ׃כָּלבָּֿשָׂר
\ \ a. all living beings 1 Mos 6,17; 1 Mos 6,19; 1 Mos 7,21; 1 Mos 9,11; 1 Mos 9,15; 1 Mos 9,16; 1 Mos 9,17; 3 Mos 17,14; 4 Mos 18,15 (P) Job 34,15; Sl 136,25.
\ \ b. animals 1 Mos 7,15; 1 Mos 7,16; 1 Mos 8,17 (P).
\ \ c. mankind 1 Mos 6,12; 1 Mos 6,18; 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 27,16 (P) 5 Mos 5,28; Sl 65,3; Sl 145,21; Es 40,5; Es 40,6; Es 49,26; Es 66,16; Es 66,23; Es 66,24; Jer 12,12; Jer 25,31; Jer 32,27; Jer 45,5; Ezk 21,4; Ezk 21,9; Ezk 21,10; Joel 3,1; Zak 2,17 compare כל בשׂר אישׁ Job 12,10.
\ \ a. all living beings 1 Mos 6,17; 1 Mos 6,19; 1 Mos 7,21; 1 Mos 9,11; 1 Mos 9,15; 1 Mos 9,16; 1 Mos 9,17; 3 Mos 17,14; 4 Mos 18,15 (P) Job 34,15; Sl 136,25.
\ \ b. animals 1 Mos 7,15; 1 Mos 7,16; 1 Mos 8,17 (P).
\ \ c. mankind 1 Mos 6,12; 1 Mos 6,18; 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 27,16 (P) 5 Mos 5,28; Sl 65,3; Sl 145,21; Es 40,5; Es 40,6; Es 49,26; Es 66,16; Es 66,23; Es 66,24; Jer 12,12; Jer 25,31; Jer 32,27; Jer 45,5; Ezk 21,4; Ezk 21,9; Ezk 21,10; Joel 3,1; Zak 2,17 compare כל בשׂר אישׁ Job 12,10.
Flere artikler i BDB med samme Strong-nummer
רוּחַ BDB7797
רוּחַ378 noun feminine1 Mos 41,8 (less often masculine2 Mos 10,13 +) breath, wind, spirit; — absolute ׳ר 1 Mos 8,1 +, ר֑וּחָה Jer 52,23 construct רוּחַ 1 Mos 6,17 +; suffix רוּחִי v1 Mos 6,3 +, רוּחֲךָ Sl 104,30 +, etc.; plural רוּחוֺת vSl 104,4 +, רֻחוֺת Jer 49,36, רוּחֹת 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 26,16 (see Brרוח in O.T., JBL xix (1900), 132 ff., full statement of all passages); —
1. breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.):
\ \ a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15,30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19,17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Klg 4,20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10,14 = Jer 51,17, Hab 2,19; Sl 135,17 compare Job 9,18.
\ \ b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16,3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6,26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5,13.
\ \ c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםSl 33,6, compare Es 34,16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Es 11,4.
\ \ d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4,9; 2 Mos 15,8 (poem), 2 Sam 22,16 = Sl 18,16; Es 30,28; Es 59,19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Es 25,4.
\ \ e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life 1 Mos 6,17; 1 Mos 7,15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו 1 Mos 7,22 (P); Ezk 37,5, compare vEzk 37,6 vEzk 37,8 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,10 vEzk 37,14 (breath or spirit), Praed 3,19.
\ \ a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15,30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19,17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Klg 4,20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10,14 = Jer 51,17, Hab 2,19; Sl 135,17 compare Job 9,18.
\ \ b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16,3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6,26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5,13.
\ \ c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםSl 33,6, compare Es 34,16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Es 11,4.
\ \ d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4,9; 2 Mos 15,8 (poem), 2 Sam 22,16 = Sl 18,16; Es 30,28; Es 59,19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Es 25,4.
\ \ e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life 1 Mos 6,17; 1 Mos 7,15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו 1 Mos 7,22 (P); Ezk 37,5, compare vEzk 37,6 vEzk 37,8 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,9 vEzk 37,10 vEzk 37,14 (breath or spirit), Praed 3,19.
2. wind (117 t.):
\ \ a. wind of heaven: 1 Mos 8,1 (P) 2 Mos 15,10 (E) 4 Mos 11,31 (J) 1 Kong 18,45 +, Jer 10,13, thence Jer 51,16; Sl 135,7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13,15; Es 40,7, compare Job 26,13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind 2 Mos 10,13 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 14,21 (J) Sl 48,8; Jer 18,17; Ezk 17,10; Ezk 19,12; Ezk 27,26; Jon 4,8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Ord 25,23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) 2 Mos 10,19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind 1 Mos 3,8 (J; compare Hoj 2,17; Hoj 4,6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49,36; Ezk 37,9 (quarters?) Dan 8,8; Dan 11,4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zak 2,10; Zak 6,5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Sl 107,25; Sl 148,8; Ezk 1,4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezk 13,11; Ezk 13,13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Sl 55,9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Es 11,15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2 Sam 22,11 = Sl 18,11; Sl 104,3, compare Hos 4,19; Sl 104,4.
\ \ b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezk 42,16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzk 42,17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzk 42,18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzk 42,19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzk 42,20; 1 Kron 9,24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52,23 on the sides.
\ \ c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14,6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41,8.
\ \ d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Es 26,18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Es 33,11 (Du, 3 c).
\ \ e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7,7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15,2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Es 41,29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Praed 1,14; Praed 2,11; Praed 2,17; Praed 2,26; Praed 4,4; Praed 4,6; Praed 6,9 compare Praed 1,17; Praed 4,16; Praed 5,15.
\ \ a. wind of heaven: 1 Mos 8,1 (P) 2 Mos 15,10 (E) 4 Mos 11,31 (J) 1 Kong 18,45 +, Jer 10,13, thence Jer 51,16; Sl 135,7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13,15; Es 40,7, compare Job 26,13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind 2 Mos 10,13 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 14,21 (J) Sl 48,8; Jer 18,17; Ezk 17,10; Ezk 19,12; Ezk 27,26; Jon 4,8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Ord 25,23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) 2 Mos 10,19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind 1 Mos 3,8 (J; compare Hoj 2,17; Hoj 4,6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49,36; Ezk 37,9 (quarters?) Dan 8,8; Dan 11,4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zak 2,10; Zak 6,5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Sl 107,25; Sl 148,8; Ezk 1,4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezk 13,11; Ezk 13,13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Sl 55,9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Es 11,15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2 Sam 22,11 = Sl 18,11; Sl 104,3, compare Hos 4,19; Sl 104,4.
\ \ b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezk 42,16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzk 42,17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzk 42,18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzk 42,19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzk 42,20; 1 Kron 9,24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52,23 on the sides.
\ \ c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14,6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41,8.
\ \ d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Es 26,18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Es 33,11 (Du, 3 c).
\ \ e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7,7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15,2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Es 41,29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Praed 1,14; Praed 2,11; Praed 2,17; Praed 2,26; Praed 4,4; Praed 4,6; Praed 6,9 compare Praed 1,17; Praed 4,16; Praed 5,15.
3. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):
\ \ a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1 Kong 10,5 = 2 Kron 9,4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1 Kong 21,5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ 1 Mos 45,27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Dom 15,19; 1 Sam 30,12.
\ \ b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Jos 5,1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Sl 76,13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Es 19,3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Sl 77,4; Sl 142,4; Sl 143,4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Jos 2,11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Ord 18,14.
\ \ c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Dom 9,23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Dom 8,3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Ord 16,32, compare Ord 25,28; Ord 29,11; Job 15,13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zak 6,8; Praed 7,9; Praed 10,4.
\ \ d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ 2 Mos 6,9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mik 2,7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Ord 14,29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32,18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32,8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21,4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mik 2,7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Praed 7,8.
\ \ e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled 1 Mos 41,8 (E) Dan 2,3, compare vDan 2,1 מֹרַת רוּחַ 1 Mos 26,35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Es 54,6, compare Ezk 3,14; Job 6,4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezk 21,12, compare Es 61,3; Ord 15,4; Ord 15,13; Ord 17,22; Ord 18,14; Sl 143,7.
\ \ g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1 Kron 5,26 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 21,16; 2 Kron 36,22; Ezr 1,1; Ezr 1,5; Jer 51,11; Hag 1,14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2 Kong 19,7 = Es 37,7; 4 Mos 14,24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2,15 (twice in verse); Mal 2,16; 5 Mos 2,30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition 4 Mos 5,14 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 5,30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4,12; Hos 5,4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםEs 19,14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Es 28,6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) 1 Mos 41,38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Ord 17,27.
\ \ h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹ4 Mos 27,18 (P; or g, as 1 Mos 41,38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2 Kong 2,15, compare v2 Kong 2,9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare 1 Mos 2,21; 1 Mos 15,12, but Di and others g, as Es 19,14) Es 29,10; Mik 2,11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zak 13,2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezk 13,3.
\ \ a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1 Kong 10,5 = 2 Kron 9,4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1 Kong 21,5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ 1 Mos 45,27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Dom 15,19; 1 Sam 30,12.
\ \ b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Jos 5,1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Sl 76,13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Es 19,3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Sl 77,4; Sl 142,4; Sl 143,4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Jos 2,11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Ord 18,14.
\ \ c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Dom 9,23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Dom 8,3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Ord 16,32, compare Ord 25,28; Ord 29,11; Job 15,13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zak 6,8; Praed 7,9; Praed 10,4.
\ \ d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ 2 Mos 6,9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mik 2,7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Ord 14,29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32,18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32,8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21,4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mik 2,7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Praed 7,8.
\ \ e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled 1 Mos 41,8 (E) Dan 2,3, compare vDan 2,1 מֹרַת רוּחַ 1 Mos 26,35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Es 54,6, compare Ezk 3,14; Job 6,4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezk 21,12, compare Es 61,3; Ord 15,4; Ord 15,13; Ord 17,22; Ord 18,14; Sl 143,7.
\ \ g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1 Kron 5,26 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 21,16; 2 Kron 36,22; Ezr 1,1; Ezr 1,5; Jer 51,11; Hag 1,14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2 Kong 19,7 = Es 37,7; 4 Mos 14,24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2,15 (twice in verse); Mal 2,16; 5 Mos 2,30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition 4 Mos 5,14 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 5,30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4,12; Hos 5,4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםEs 19,14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Es 28,6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) 1 Mos 41,38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Ord 17,27.
\ \ h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹ4 Mos 27,18 (P; or g, as 1 Mos 41,38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2 Kong 2,15, compare v2 Kong 2,9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare 1 Mos 2,21; 1 Mos 15,12, but Di and others g, as Es 19,14) Es 29,10; Mik 2,11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zak 13,2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezk 13,3.
4. spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, || נֶפֶשׁ (25 t.):
\ \ a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zak 12,1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27,3, compare Es 42,5.
\ \ b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10,12, compare Job 12,10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 27,16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Ord 16,2.
\ \ c. it is therefore God's spirit: 1 Mos 6,3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
\ \ d. it departs at death: Sl 78,39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Es 38,16 (Di principle of life), Sl 146,4 especially Sl 104,29; Sl 104,30; Job 17,1; Job 34,14 (compare vJob 34,15), Es 57,16; Praed 8,8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Praed 11,5, compare Praed 3,21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Praed 12,7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Sl 31,6.
\ \ e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4,15.
\ \ a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zak 12,1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27,3, compare Es 42,5.
\ \ b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10,12, compare Job 12,10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר 4 Mos 16,22; 4 Mos 27,16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Ord 16,2.
\ \ c. it is therefore God's spirit: 1 Mos 6,3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
\ \ d. it departs at death: Sl 78,39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Es 38,16 (Di principle of life), Sl 146,4 especially Sl 104,29; Sl 104,30; Job 17,1; Job 34,14 (compare vJob 34,15), Es 57,16; Praed 8,8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Praed 11,5, compare Praed 3,21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Praed 12,7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Sl 31,6.
\ \ e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4,15.
5. spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:
\ \ a. desire (possibly 3 g), Es 26,9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
\ \ b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7,11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1 Sam 1,15 see קָשֶׁה.
\ \ a. desire (possibly 3 g), Es 26,9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
\ \ b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7,11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1 Sam 1,15 see קָשֶׁה.
6. occasionally, (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, || לֵב, or synonym with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה 2 Mos 28,3; 5 Mos 34,9 (both P; probably 3 g); תּעֵי רוּחַ Es 29,24, compare Job 20,3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job's words), Sl 77,7 (ᵐ5 Symm ᵑ6 Jerome troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Es 40,13 come into mind (compare לֵב Es 65,17; Jer 3,16 +); 1 Kron 28,12.
7. rarely of the will; also = רוּחַ נָכוֺן לֵב Sl 51,12 (= לֵב נָכוֺן Sl 57,8 (twice in verse) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה vSl 51,14 נָָֽדְבָה רוּחוֺ 2 Mos 35,21 (P; compare נְדִיב לֵב 2 Mos 35,5; 2 Mos 35,22 (P) 2 Kron 29,31).
8. רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = ׃לֵב רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁהEzk 11,19; Ezk 18,31; Ezk 36,26 רוּחִי vEzk 36,27; Es 59,21 (רוּחִי, || דְּבָרַי; but probably prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ezk 18,31; Ezk 36,26 נְכֵה רוּחַ Es 66,2 דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Sl 34,19 (compare לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Es 57,15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Es 65,14 (compare 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרֶה Sl 51,19 (|| לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, compare נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Sl 34,19; Es 61,1); Sl 32,2; Ord 11,13; Ord 16,18; Sl 78,8; Praed 7,8 (compare גְּבַהּלֵב Ord 16,5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Ord 16,19; Ord 29,23; Es 57,15 רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים vEs 57,15 (compare 3 f).
9. spirit of God (94 t.; not D or Jeremiah or any Deuteronomic writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy probably discredited from abuse by false prophets, see נביא, נבא):
\ \ a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, 4 Mos 11,17; 4 Mos 11,25 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 11,26; 4 Mos 11,29 (J), 1 Sam 10,6; 1 Sam 10,10 (compare v1 Sam 10,5), 1 Sam 19,20; 1 Sam 19,23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1 Sam 16,15 (twice in verse); 1 Sam 16,16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1 Sam 16,14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1 Sam 18,10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1 Sam 19,9 ׳א ׳ר 1 Sam 16,23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1 Sam 16,23, compare הָרוּחַ 1 Kong 22,21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1 Kong 22,22 v1 Kong 22,23 = 2 Kron 18,20; 2 Kron 18,21; 2 Kron 18,22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1 Kong 22,24 = 2 Kron 18,23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9,7 ׳רוּחַ י Mik 3,8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Es 30,1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezk 2,2; Ezk 3,12; Ezk 3,14; Ezk 3,24; Ezk 8,3; Ezk 11,1; Ezk 11,5; Ezk 11,24 (Co gloss), Ezk 37,1; Ezk 43,5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1 Kong 18,12; 2 Kong 2,16.
\ \ b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably 4 Mos 24,2; 2 Sam 23,2; 1 Kron 12,18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2 Kron 15,1; 2 Kron 20,14; 2 Kron 24,20 distinctly in Isa2, Es 48,16, compare Es 61,1 so of ancient prophets, Zak 7,12; Neh 9,30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3,1; Joel 3,2.
\ \ c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Dom 3,10; Dom 11,29, compare Dom 6,34; Dom 13,25; Dom 14,6; Dom 14,19; Dom 15,14; 1 Sam 11,6; 1 Sam 16,13; 1 Sam 16,14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Es 32,15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Es 11,2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Es 42,1.
\ \ d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill 2 Mos 31,3; 2 Mos 35,31 (P); understanding Job 32,8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Ord 1,23.
\ \ e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם 1 Mos 1,2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33,4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Es 31,3 in cherubic chariot: Ezk 1,12, compare vEzk 1,20 vEzk 1,21; Ezk 10,17 reviving Israel Ezk 39,29; Zak 12,10; Es 44,3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Es 63,10; Es 63,11 = ׳י ׳ר vEs 63,14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vEs 63,9), compare Sl 106,33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Sl 51,13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9,20; Sl 143,10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2,5; Zak 4,6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Sl 139,7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vSl 139,8).
\ \ a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, 4 Mos 11,17; 4 Mos 11,25 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 11,26; 4 Mos 11,29 (J), 1 Sam 10,6; 1 Sam 10,10 (compare v1 Sam 10,5), 1 Sam 19,20; 1 Sam 19,23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1 Sam 16,15 (twice in verse); 1 Sam 16,16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1 Sam 16,14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1 Sam 18,10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1 Sam 19,9 ׳א ׳ר 1 Sam 16,23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1 Sam 16,23, compare הָרוּחַ 1 Kong 22,21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1 Kong 22,22 v1 Kong 22,23 = 2 Kron 18,20; 2 Kron 18,21; 2 Kron 18,22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1 Kong 22,24 = 2 Kron 18,23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9,7 ׳רוּחַ י Mik 3,8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Es 30,1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezk 2,2; Ezk 3,12; Ezk 3,14; Ezk 3,24; Ezk 8,3; Ezk 11,1; Ezk 11,5; Ezk 11,24 (Co gloss), Ezk 37,1; Ezk 43,5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1 Kong 18,12; 2 Kong 2,16.
\ \ b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably 4 Mos 24,2; 2 Sam 23,2; 1 Kron 12,18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2 Kron 15,1; 2 Kron 20,14; 2 Kron 24,20 distinctly in Isa2, Es 48,16, compare Es 61,1 so of ancient prophets, Zak 7,12; Neh 9,30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3,1; Joel 3,2.
\ \ c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Dom 3,10; Dom 11,29, compare Dom 6,34; Dom 13,25; Dom 14,6; Dom 14,19; Dom 15,14; 1 Sam 11,6; 1 Sam 16,13; 1 Sam 16,14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Es 32,15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Es 11,2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Es 42,1.
\ \ d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill 2 Mos 31,3; 2 Mos 35,31 (P); understanding Job 32,8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Ord 1,23.
\ \ e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם 1 Mos 1,2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33,4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Es 31,3 in cherubic chariot: Ezk 1,12, compare vEzk 1,20 vEzk 1,21; Ezk 10,17 reviving Israel Ezk 39,29; Zak 12,10; Es 44,3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Es 63,10; Es 63,11 = ׳י ׳ר vEs 63,14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vEs 63,9), compare Sl 106,33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Sl 51,13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9,20; Sl 143,10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2,5; Zak 4,6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Sl 139,7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vSl 139,8).
Forekomster pr. bog
Alle 244 vers
Versnumrene følger den hebraiske tekst og kan i enkelte bøger (fx Salmerne) afvige med et vers fra de danske.
1. Mosebog
3. Mosebog
Salmernes Bog
Ezekiels Bog
Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.