בִּלְתִּי
Engelsk failure
Brown-Driver-Briggs
[בֵּ֫לֶת] substantive (from בָּלָה, of the form דֶּלֶת Ol§ 146 b) properly failure, hence used as particle of negation, not, except (compare בְּלִי, אֶפֶס), twice with suffix (see below), elsewhere always בִּלְתִּי (with binding vowel יִ֯, as mark of construct state: Sta§ 343 Ges«GKC:90»§ 90, 3), (Phoenician בלת only: Tabnith-Inscription5) —
1. adverb not, with an adjective 1 Sam 20,26 בִּלְתִּי טָהוֺר not clean, with a substantive Es 14,6 מַכַּת בִּלְתִּי סָרָה a stroke of non-cessation, i.e. a never-ceasing stroke, with a finite verb (si vera lectio) Ezk 13,3 (RVm: but see Dr§ 41 Obs.).
2. after a preceding negation, not = except (synonym זוּלָתִי), 1 Mos 21,26 I have not heard בִּלְתִּי הַיּוֺם except to-day, 2 Mos 22,19 he that sacrificeth ׳בִּלְתִּי לי except unto ׳י, 4 Mos 32,12; Jos 11,19: so בִּלְתִּי אִם 1 Mos 47,18; Dom 7,14 (compare כִּי אִם 1 Mos 28,17; Neh 2,2). With suffix (attached to the ground-form בֵּלֶת) בִּלְתִּי except me Hos 13,4, בִּלְתֶּ֑ךָ expect thee 1 Sam 2,2.
3. conjunction (likewise after a negative, expressed or implied) 1 Mos 43,3 בִּלְתִּי אֲחִיכֶם אִתְּכֶם except your brother (be) with you, v1 Mos 43,5; 4 Mos 11,6 our soul is dry, there is nothing at all; save that our eyes are toward the manna, Es 10,4 (and where will ye leave your glory ?) save that they bow down under the prisoners, and fall under the slain! i.e. (iron.) their only refuge will be among the corpses of a battle-field. So בִּלְתִּי אִם Amos 3,3; Amos 3,4. — Dan 11,18, where no negative precedes, it is difficult to extract a sense consistent with the general usage of בִּלְתִּי: Ges besides that his reproach he will return unto him, Ew only, nothing but, Hi certainly, Drechsler (on Es 10,4) nay, even (compare RV).
4. With prepositions
\ \ a. לְבִלְתִּי86 so as not..., in order not... negation of לְ followed by infinitive), usually followed by infinitive construct, as 1 Mos 4,15 gave a sign to Cain לְבִלְתִּי הַכּוֺתאֹֿתוֺ in order that any finding him should not smite him, 1 Mos 19,21; 1 Mos 38,9; 2 Mos 8,18; 2 Mos 8,25; 2 Mos 9,17; 3 Mos 18,30; 3 Mos 20,4; 3 Mos 26,15; 5 Mos 8,11; 5 Mos 17,12 the man that doeth presumptuously לְבִלְתִּי שְׁמֹעַ so as not to hearken etc. (compare Jer 16,12; Jer 17,23; Jer 18,10; Jer 42,13; Dan 9,11) vDan 9,20; Dom 2,23 +; לְבִלְתִּי הוֺעִיל in order not to profit (the result represented forcibly as the design; compare below לְמַעַן) Es 44,10; Jer 7,8 after verbs of commanding 1 Mos 3,11 which I commanded thee לְבִלְתִּי אֲכָלמִֿמֶּנּוּ not to eat thereof, 2 Kong 17,15; Jer 35,8f.; Jer 35,14; Rut 2,9, swearing 5 Mos 4,21; Jos 5,6; Dom 21,7; Ezk 20,15, agreeing 2 Kong 12,9, interceding Jer 36,25. Once לְבִלְתִּי לְ 2 Kong 23,10 (compare לְמַעַן לְ Ezk 21,20, בַּעֲבוּר לְ 1 Kron 19,3). Twice as conjunction with the imperfect, 2 Mos 20,20; 2 Sam 14,14 (compare בַּעֲבוּר, & מִן 5 Mos 33,11). In Jer 23,14; Jer 27,18 followed by perfect, which is inconsistent with the nature of a final conjunction: read either יָשׁוּבוּ, יָבאֹוּ, or שׁוּב, בוֺא (compare Dr§ 41 Obs.). On Ezk 13,3 see above
\ \ b. מִבִּלְתִּי an account of not... (negation of מִן followed by infinitive): followed by infinitive 4 Mos 14,16 ׳מִבִּלְתִּי יְכֹלֶת י; a verbal noun Ezk 16,28 מִבִּלְתִּי שָׂבְעָתֵךְ.
\ \ c. עַדבִּֿלְתִּי until not..., followed by a perf. (Ges; RSJPh xvi. 72), or an infinitive (Ew§ 238 d), in the phrase (לָהֶם) עַדבִּֿלְתִּי הִשְׁאִירלֿוֺ שָׂרִיד until one left him (them) not a remnant, 4 Mos 21,35; 5 Mos 3,3; Jos 8,22; Jos 10,33; Jos 11,8; 2 Kong 10,11. — Job 14,12 עַדבִּֿלְתִּי שָׁמַיִם till there be no heaven (compare עַדבְּֿלִי Sl 72,7).
\ \ a. לְבִלְתִּי86 so as not..., in order not... negation of לְ followed by infinitive), usually followed by infinitive construct, as 1 Mos 4,15 gave a sign to Cain לְבִלְתִּי הַכּוֺתאֹֿתוֺ in order that any finding him should not smite him, 1 Mos 19,21; 1 Mos 38,9; 2 Mos 8,18; 2 Mos 8,25; 2 Mos 9,17; 3 Mos 18,30; 3 Mos 20,4; 3 Mos 26,15; 5 Mos 8,11; 5 Mos 17,12 the man that doeth presumptuously לְבִלְתִּי שְׁמֹעַ so as not to hearken etc. (compare Jer 16,12; Jer 17,23; Jer 18,10; Jer 42,13; Dan 9,11) vDan 9,20; Dom 2,23 +; לְבִלְתִּי הוֺעִיל in order not to profit (the result represented forcibly as the design; compare below לְמַעַן) Es 44,10; Jer 7,8 after verbs of commanding 1 Mos 3,11 which I commanded thee לְבִלְתִּי אֲכָלמִֿמֶּנּוּ not to eat thereof, 2 Kong 17,15; Jer 35,8f.; Jer 35,14; Rut 2,9, swearing 5 Mos 4,21; Jos 5,6; Dom 21,7; Ezk 20,15, agreeing 2 Kong 12,9, interceding Jer 36,25. Once לְבִלְתִּי לְ 2 Kong 23,10 (compare לְמַעַן לְ Ezk 21,20, בַּעֲבוּר לְ 1 Kron 19,3). Twice as conjunction with the imperfect, 2 Mos 20,20; 2 Sam 14,14 (compare בַּעֲבוּר, & מִן 5 Mos 33,11). In Jer 23,14; Jer 27,18 followed by perfect, which is inconsistent with the nature of a final conjunction: read either יָשׁוּבוּ, יָבאֹוּ, or שׁוּב, בוֺא (compare Dr§ 41 Obs.). On Ezk 13,3 see above
\ \ b. מִבִּלְתִּי an account of not... (negation of מִן followed by infinitive): followed by infinitive 4 Mos 14,16 ׳מִבִּלְתִּי יְכֹלֶת י; a verbal noun Ezk 16,28 מִבִּלְתִּי שָׂבְעָתֵךְ.
\ \ c. עַדבִּֿלְתִּי until not..., followed by a perf. (Ges; RSJPh xvi. 72), or an infinitive (Ew§ 238 d), in the phrase (לָהֶם) עַדבִּֿלְתִּי הִשְׁאִירלֿוֺ שָׂרִיד until one left him (them) not a remnant, 4 Mos 21,35; 5 Mos 3,3; Jos 8,22; Jos 10,33; Jos 11,8; 2 Kong 10,11. — Job 14,12 עַדבִּֿלְתִּי שָׁמַיִם till there be no heaven (compare עַדבְּֿלִי Sl 72,7).
Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.