בַּעַל

1. owner (often plural with suffix in singular meaning): of ox 2 Mos 21,28; 2 Mos 21,29 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 22,10; 2 Mos 22,11; 2 Mos 22,13; 2 Mos 22,14 (E); הבור ׳ב of pit 2 Mos 21,34; 2 Mos 21,36 (E), of house 2 Mos 22,7 (E) Dom 19,22; Dom 19,23, debt 5 Mos 15,2, the land Job 31,39, the ass Es 1,3, goods Praed 5,10, riches Praed 5,12 טוב ׳ב one to whom good is due Ord 3,27, gain Ord 1,19 שׂכל ׳ב one having understanding Ord 16,22 השׁחד ׳ב receiver of the gift Ord 17,8.

2. husband 1 Mos 20,3; 2 Mos 21,3; 2 Mos 21,22 (E) 5 Mos 22,22; 5 Mos 24,4; 2 Sam 11,26; Joel 1,8; Ord 12,4; Ord 31,11; Ord 31,23; Ord 31,28; Est 1,17; Est 1,20 בַּעְלִּי Hos 2,18 (my Baal, reference to the divine name used in the northern kingdom, here for the first time forbidden).

3. citizens, inhabitants: בַּעֲלֵי of Jericho Jos 24,11 (E), of the high places of Arnon 4 Mos 21,28 (E), of Shechem Dom 9,2 + 12 t., of the tower of Shechem Dom 9,46; Dom 9,47, of the city Dom 9,51, of Gibeah Dom 20,5, of Keilah 1 Sam 23,11; 1 Sam 23,12, of Jabesh 2 Sam 21,12.

4. rulers, lords: בַּעֲלֵי גוֺיִם Es 16,8.

5. n. of relation:
\ \ a. החלמות ׃בַּעַל ׳ב dreamer 1 Mos 37,19 (E); ׳ב דברים whosoever hath cases, complaints 2 Mos 24,14 (E); שׂער ׳ב an hairy man 2 Kong 1,8 חמה ׳ב wrathful Nah 1,2; Ord 29,22 אף ׳ב one given to anger Ord 22,24 החכמה ׳ב one having wisdom Praed 7,12 משׁחית ׳ב destroyer Ord 18,9 כנף ׳ב winged thing, bird Ord 1,17; Praed 10,20 נפשׁ ׳ב one given to appetite Ord 23,2 מזמות ׳ב mischievous person Ord 24,8 הלשׁון ׳ב charmer Praed 10,11 רשׁע ׳ב one given to wickedness Praed 8,8 פיפיות ׳ב double-edged Es 41,15 משׁפט ׳ב adversary Es 50,8 ׳ב פקדת captain of the ward Jer 37,13 הקרנים ׳ב two-horned Dan 8,6; Dan 8,20.
\ \ b. בְּדִית ׃בַּעֲלֵי ׳בּ confederates 1 Mos 14,13 חצים ׳ב archers 1 Mos 49,23 (poetry); הפרשׁים ׳ב horsemen 2 Sam 1,6 שׁבועה ׳ב conspirators Neh 6,18 אספות ׳ב members of assemblies; or well-grouped sayings; or collectors (of wise sentences) Praed 12,11. — On 2 Sam 6,2 see II. בַּעֲלָה. (בַּעַל in Hexateuch not J or P; בעל 3 Mos 21,4 ᵐ5 ἐζάπινα = כבלּע 4 Mos 4,20: Di בְּאֵבֶל). Especially II. lord, specifically as divine name, Baal.

1. without article: במות בעל 4 Mos 22,41 (poetry Balaam); בעל פעור 4 Mos 25,3; 4 Mos 25,5 (E) 5 Mos 4,3 (see below). This divine name is not used elsewhere in Hexateuch It probably originated from the sense of divine ownership, rather than sovereignty (RS^{Sem 92}). It seems to have been used in Northern Israel = אדון in the South. It was the special name of the God of the Canaanites, Philistines, etc., = Babylonian בֵּל, compare Schr^{SK 1874, 335 ff.} In later times scribes substituted בּשֶׁת, in proper name (ירבשׁת = ירבעל, אשׁבשׁת = אשׁבעל, see בּשֶׁת, Gei^{ZMG 1862, 728 ff.}), & also in the text for בעל Hos 9,10; Jer 11,13 (hence ἡ βάαλ Jer 2,23; Jer 7,9; Jer 11,13; Jer 11,17; Jer 19,5; Hos 2,10; Hos 13,1 +, Rom 11,4, see Di^{Baal mit d. weib. Art1 Kel, MBA 1881, June 16} Dr 2 Sam 4,4).

2. with article: הַבַּעַל Dom 2,13; Dom 6,25; Dom 6,28; Dom 6,30; Dom 6,31; Dom 6,32; 1 Kong 16,31; 1 Kong 16,32 (twice in verse); 1 Kong 18,19; 1 Kong 18,21; 1 Kong 18,22; 1 Kong 18,25; 1 Kong 18,26 (twice in verse); 1 Kong 18,40; 1 Kong 19,18; 1 Kong 22,54; 2 Kong 3,2; 2 Kong 10,18; 2 Kong 10,19 (twice in verse); 2 Kong 10,20; 2 Kong 10,21 (3 t. in verse); 2 Kong 10,22; 2 Kong 10,23 (3 t. in verse); 2 Kong 10,25; 2 Kong 10,26; 2 Kong 10,27 (twice in verse); 2 Kong 10,28; 2 Kong 11,18 (twice in verse); 2 Kong 17,16; 2 Kong 21,3; 2 Kong 23,4; 2 Kong 23,5; 2 Kron 23,17 (twice in verse); Jer 2,8; Jer 7,9; Jer 11,13; Jer 11,17; Jer 12,16; Jer 19,5 (twice in verse); Jer 28,13; Jer 28,27; Jer 32,29; Jer 32,35; Hos 2,10; Hos 13,1; .

3. הַבְּעָלִים emphatic plural (compare האלהים, האדונים) the great lord, the sovereign owner Dom 2,11; Dom 3,7; Dom 8,33; Dom 10,6; Dom 10,10; 1 Sam 7,4; 1 Sam 12,10; 1 Kong 18,18; 2 Kron 17,3; 2 Kron 24,7; 2 Kron 28,2; 2 Kron 33,3; 2 Kron 34,4; Jer 2,23; Jer 9,13; Hos 2,15; Hos 2,19; Hos 11,2 (or local special Ba`als, see Dr^{Sm. p. 50}; pillars of Baal MV).

4. with attributive: בַּעַל בְּרִית Lord of convenant Dom 8,33; Dom 9,4 (compare אל ברית Dom 9,46 Nö^{ZMG 1888, 478}); זְבוּב ׳ב Lord of flies 2 Kong 1,2; 2 Kong 1,3; 2 Kong 1,6; 2 Kong 1,16, Philistine god, ᵐ5 Βααλ μυῖαν (Beelzebub, Matt 12,24) compare Bae^{Rel 25}.