כֶּסֶף
Engelsk silver, money
I GT 416 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
כֶּ֫סֶף402 noun masculine1 Mos 23,9 silver, money (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician, Zinjirli כסף; Aramaic כַּסְפָּא ; Palmyrene כספא VogNo. 23; Assyrian kaspu; probably the pale metal Thes and others, compare RSJPh xiv,125) — ׳כ absolute 1 Mos 20,16 +, כָּ֑סֶף 2 Mos 21,11 +; construct 2 Mos 43,21 +; suffix כַּסְפִּי 1 Mos 42,28 + 3 t., כַּסְפְּךָ 1 Kong 20,3 + 2 t., כַּסְפֶּ֑ךָ 1 Mos 17,13; Es 30,22, כַּסְפֵּךְ Es 1,22, כַּסְפֵּנוּ 1 Mos 31,15 + 2 t., כַּסְפָּם Hos 8,4 + 6 t.; plural suffix כַּסְפֵּיהֶם 1 Mos 42,25; 1 Mos 42,35 — silver,
1. = silver ore, raw silver (rare and mostly late) Job 28,1, also (in figurative) Ezk 22,20; Ezk 22,22; Zak 13,9; Ord 2,4; Ord 17,3; Ord 27,21; Mal 3,3 (twice in verse); Sl 12,7; Sl 66,10; Es 48,10 ׳הָגוֺ סִיגים מִכּ Ord 25,4 remove dross from silver, compare סִיגִים ׳כ Ord 26,23 and ׳מִגִים כ Ezk 22,18 (ᵑ0; ᵐ5 ׳ס ׳כ; Co strike out in view of vEzk 22,20); נִמְאָס ׳כ Jer 6,30 (compare vJer 6,29), כַּסְפֵּךְ הָיָה לְסִיגִים Es 1,22.
2. sliver as bright, shining, figurative of dove's wings כַּנְפֵי יוֺנָה נֶחְפָּה בַכֶּ֑סֶף Sl 68,14.
3. silver, as wealth, 1 Mos 13,2 (J) + often (c. 54 t. in all; frequently with gold, etc., see זהב); מְלֹא וזהב ׳בֵיתוֺ כ 4 Mos 22,18; 4 Mos 24,13 figurative of a slave as valuable, כַּסְפּוֺ הוּא 2 Mos 21,21 (all J E); silver as less valuable than gold 1 Kong 10,21 = 2 Kron 9,20 compare also 1 Kong 10,27 = 2 Kron 1,15; 2 Kron 9,27 נִבְחָר ׳כ choice silver, Ord 18,19; Ord 10,20.
5. sliver as merchandise Ezk 27,12; Ord 3,14 (׳סְחַרכֿ), Sef 1,12 compare also 1 Kong 10,22 = 2 Kron 9,21.
6. silver as costly gift (with זהב, q. v.) 1 Kong 15,18; 1 Kong 15,19 = 2 Kron 16,2; 2 Kron 16,3; 2 Kong 16,8; 2 Kong 18,15; 2 Kron 9,14; 2 Kron 17,11; 2 Kron 21,3; Es 60,9; Dan 11,38 (other instances under 8).
7. silver as material (c. 117 t. in all; often with זהב, q. v.), of cup 1 Mos 44,2 compare v1 Mos 44,8 (J), trumpets 4 Mos 10,2 (P), ׳כְּלֵיכֿ 1 Mos 24,53 (J) +; of idols 2 Mos 20,23; Es 2,20; 5 Mos 29,16; Ezk 16,17; Sl 115,4; Sl 135,15 + 4 t., compare 5 Mos 7,25; Jer 10,4; Hab 2,19 especially of fittings of tabernacle 2 Mos 26,1–200. 27. 36. 38. (19 t.), and those offered by chiefs of people 4 Mos 7,1–200 (28 t.), etc.
8. silver as measure of weight and value (c. 184 t.): —
\ \ a. shekels: — שְׁלשִׁים שְׁקָלִים ׳כ 2 Mos 21,32 (JE), compare 2 Sam 24,24; 3 Mos 5,15; 4 Mos 18,16 (both P), Neh 5,15 also (different order) ׳חֲמִשָּׁה שׁקלים כ 3 Mos 27,6 (twice in verse) (P), compare Jos 7,21 (JE), 2 Kong 15,20, and ׳אַרְבַּע מֵאֹת שֶׁקֶל י 1 Mos 23,15; 1 Mos 23,16, compare 3 Mos 27,3; 3 Mos 27,16 (all P), 1 Sam 9,8 once ׳שִׁבְעָה שְׁקָלִים וַעֲשָׂרָה הַכּ Jer 32,9.
\ \ b. more often omitted שׁקל 1 Mos 20,16; 1 Mos 45,22 (E), 1 Mos 37,28 (J), Hos 3,2; Hoj 8,11 + 17 t.
\ \ c. talents: — ׳כִּכַּר (הַ)כּ 2 Mos 38,27 (P), compare 1 Kong 20,39; 2 Kong 5,22; 2 Kong 15,19; 2 Kong 18,14; 2 Kong 23,33 = 2 Kron 36,3; 1 Kron 19,6; 2 Kron 25,6; 2 Kron 27,5; Est 3,9 ׳עֶשֶׂר כִּכְּרֵיכֿ 2 Kong 5,5 ׳כִּכְּרַיִם כ 1 Kong 16,24; 2 Kong 5,23 אלף אלפים ככרים ׳כ 1 Kron 22,14 compare 1 Kron 29,7; Ezr 8,26.
\ \ d. minas: — מָנִים חֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִים ׳כ Ezr 2,69 compare Neh 7,70; Neh 7,71.
\ \ e. more often = money, measure of value and exchange (c. 112 t.; not necess. coined) 1 Mos 31,15; 1 Mos 42,25; 1 Mos 42,27 (E), 1 Mos 43,12 (twice in verse); 1 Mos 43,15; 1 Mos 43,18 (J), 1 Mos 23,13; 3 Mos 27,18; 4 Mos 3,48 (P), Dom 16,18; 1 Kong 21,2; 2 Kong 12,5 etc.; so Sl 68,31 Che, but see De Grill Bae, and Checritical note.; ׳מִקְנַת כ one bought for money 1 Mos 17,12; 1 Mos 17,13; 1 Mos 17,23; 1 Mos 17,27; 2 Mos 12,44 (all P); מִקְנָתוֺ ׳כ 3 Mos 25,51 (H) money for which he was bought; מָלֵא ׳כ full price 1 Mos 23,9 (P) 1 Kron 21,22; 1 Kron 21,24 כַּסְפֵּנוּ בְּמִשְׁקָלוֺ 1 Mos 43,21 i.e. our money in full; מִמְכָרוֺ ׳כ 3 Mos 25,50 the price of his sale; אָשָׁם ׳כ 2 Kong 12,7 trespass-money, חַטָּאוֺת ׳כ v.2 Kong 12,7 sin-money, הַכִּפֻּרִים ׳כ 2 Mos 30,16 atonement-money, הַפִּדְיוֺן ׳כ 4 Mos 3,49 redemption-money (both P); עֶרְכְּךָ ׳כ 3 Mos 27,15; 3 Mos 27,19 i.e. estimated value, etc.
\ \ a. shekels: — שְׁלשִׁים שְׁקָלִים ׳כ 2 Mos 21,32 (JE), compare 2 Sam 24,24; 3 Mos 5,15; 4 Mos 18,16 (both P), Neh 5,15 also (different order) ׳חֲמִשָּׁה שׁקלים כ 3 Mos 27,6 (twice in verse) (P), compare Jos 7,21 (JE), 2 Kong 15,20, and ׳אַרְבַּע מֵאֹת שֶׁקֶל י 1 Mos 23,15; 1 Mos 23,16, compare 3 Mos 27,3; 3 Mos 27,16 (all P), 1 Sam 9,8 once ׳שִׁבְעָה שְׁקָלִים וַעֲשָׂרָה הַכּ Jer 32,9.
\ \ b. more often omitted שׁקל 1 Mos 20,16; 1 Mos 45,22 (E), 1 Mos 37,28 (J), Hos 3,2; Hoj 8,11 + 17 t.
\ \ c. talents: — ׳כִּכַּר (הַ)כּ 2 Mos 38,27 (P), compare 1 Kong 20,39; 2 Kong 5,22; 2 Kong 15,19; 2 Kong 18,14; 2 Kong 23,33 = 2 Kron 36,3; 1 Kron 19,6; 2 Kron 25,6; 2 Kron 27,5; Est 3,9 ׳עֶשֶׂר כִּכְּרֵיכֿ 2 Kong 5,5 ׳כִּכְּרַיִם כ 1 Kong 16,24; 2 Kong 5,23 אלף אלפים ככרים ׳כ 1 Kron 22,14 compare 1 Kron 29,7; Ezr 8,26.
\ \ d. minas: — מָנִים חֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִים ׳כ Ezr 2,69 compare Neh 7,70; Neh 7,71.
\ \ e. more often = money, measure of value and exchange (c. 112 t.; not necess. coined) 1 Mos 31,15; 1 Mos 42,25; 1 Mos 42,27 (E), 1 Mos 43,12 (twice in verse); 1 Mos 43,15; 1 Mos 43,18 (J), 1 Mos 23,13; 3 Mos 27,18; 4 Mos 3,48 (P), Dom 16,18; 1 Kong 21,2; 2 Kong 12,5 etc.; so Sl 68,31 Che, but see De Grill Bae, and Checritical note.; ׳מִקְנַת כ one bought for money 1 Mos 17,12; 1 Mos 17,13; 1 Mos 17,23; 1 Mos 17,27; 2 Mos 12,44 (all P); מִקְנָתוֺ ׳כ 3 Mos 25,51 (H) money for which he was bought; מָלֵא ׳כ full price 1 Mos 23,9 (P) 1 Kron 21,22; 1 Kron 21,24 כַּסְפֵּנוּ בְּמִשְׁקָלוֺ 1 Mos 43,21 i.e. our money in full; מִמְכָרוֺ ׳כ 3 Mos 25,50 the price of his sale; אָשָׁם ׳כ 2 Kong 12,7 trespass-money, חַטָּאוֺת ׳כ v.2 Kong 12,7 sin-money, הַכִּפֻּרִים ׳כ 2 Mos 30,16 atonement-money, הַפִּדְיוֺן ׳כ 4 Mos 3,49 redemption-money (both P); עֶרְכְּךָ ׳כ 3 Mos 27,15; 3 Mos 27,19 i.e. estimated value, etc.
9. among verbs and phrase with ׳כ are: — צרף try, refine, Zak 13,9; Es 48,10; Mal 3,3 a Sl 12,7; Sl 66,10 זִקַּק Mal 3,3 b, (compare הִתּוּךְ Ezk 22,22, √ נתך, see vEzk 22,20 vEzk 22,21); יפּה beautify ׳בכ Jer 10,4 ׳תָּפוּשׂ כ Hab 2,19 encased with gold and silver; לְ ׳שָׁקַל אתהַֿכּ weigh out the silver to or for a person Jer 32,9; 1 Mos 23,16 (P) Ezr 8,25, without לְ Jer 32,10, compare 2 Mos 22,16 (E), 1 Kong 20,39 ׳ב ׳שׁקל כ Es 55,2 = spend money for; מְחִירָהּ ׳לֹא יִשָּׁקֵל כ Job 28,15 ׳וַיִּשְׁקְלוּ אֶתשְֿׂכָרִי שׁלשׁים כ Zak 11,12 בַּקָּנֶה ישׁקלו ׳כ Es 46,6, of wighing material for idol; ׳מָכַר בכ sell for money Amos 2,6; 1 Mos 37,28 (J), 5 Mos 21,14 ׳נָתַן בכ 5 Mos 2,28b 1 Kong 21,6; 1 Kong 21,15; 1 Mos 23,9 (P), 1 Kron 21,22 also, of food, ׳הִשְׁבִּיר ב 5 Mos 2,28 a; השׂדה ׳נתן כ 1 Mos 23,13 (P) pay the price of the field; ׳קָנָה בְכ buy something for money Amos 8,6; Jer 32,25; Jer 32,44; Es 43,24; 1 Kron 21,24, compare ׳קָנָה נֶפֶשׁ קִנְיַן כ 3 Mos 22,11 (H); ׳שׁבר בכ 5 Mos 2,6 a Es 55,1 ׳כרה בכ 5 Mos 2,6b; peculiar is its use with פָּדָה, redeem (q. v.) in 4 Mos 18,16 ׳לקח כ receive money 2 Kong 5,26; 2 Kong 12,8; 2 Kong 12,9 ׳לָוָה כ Neh 5,4 borrow money; הִלְוָה 2 Mos 22,24 (JE) lend money to (c. 2 accusative); בְּנֶשֶׁךְ ׳נתן כ give money on usury 3 Mos 25,37 (H), Sl 15,5 compare לֹא תַשִּׁיךְ ׳לְאָחִיךָ נֶשֶׁךְ כ 5 Mos 23,20.
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Alle 356 vers
Versnumrene følger den hebraiske tekst og kan i enkelte bøger (fx Salmerne) afvige med et vers fra de danske.
1. Mosebog
2. Mosebog
2. Kongebog
2. Krønikebog
Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.