כֵּן

1. a. Dom 5,31 כן יאבדו so perish thy enemies, Job 5,27 הִיאכֶּןֿ, Job 8,13 כן ארחות כל שׁכחי אל, Ord 6,29; Ord 8,13; 2 Sam 16,23; Es 36,6; Es 47,15 כן היו לך, 4 Mos 13,33 וכן היינו בעיניהם; 4 Mos 9,16 כָן יהיה תמיד 2 Mos 10,14 (twice in verse) לא היה כן ארבה׳כמהו וג (i. e. in such numbers), 1 Kong 10,12 כן עצי אלמגים לא בא, v1 Kong 10,20; 2 Kron 1,12 (twice in verse), Dom 21,14 להם כןולא מצאו and they did not suffice for them so (namely in such numbers of them as there were); 1 Kong 6,26 וכן הכרוב השׁני, Ezk 41,7 ׳וכן ל 2 Mos 27,11; 1 Kong 10,29; Ezk 40,16; 2 Kron 35,12, compare 1 Kron 23,30 ׳כן ל 2 Mos 25,33 (compare 2 Mos 26,24), Jos 21,40.
\ \ b. the force of כֵּן has sometimes to be elicited from the context : 1 Kong 2,7 כי כן קרבו אלי (that is, with kindness such as that enjoined in v^a), 1 Kong 20,40 כן משׁפטך, Jer 14,10 לנועכן אהבו (i.e. not less than ׳י has withdrawn from them vJer 14,9, Gf Ke; Gie proposes אָכֵן), Sl 61,9 שִׁמְךָכֵּן אֲזַמְּרָה (Hi כְּצִדְקְךָ, implied in vJer 14,6–8), Sl 63,3 חֲזִיתִךָכֵּן בַּקֹּדֶשׁ (that is, with the longings of vSl 63,2), vSl 63,5 אֲבָרֶכְךָ בְחַיָּיכֵּן (that is כְּרֹב חַסְדְּךָ vSl 63,4), Sl 65,10 כִּי כֵן תְּכִינֶהָ (i.e. so generously, vSl 65,10), Sl 90,12 לִמְנוֺת יָמֵינוּ כֵּן הוֺדַע (Hi ׳כְּיִרְאַת י vSl 90,11), Sl 127,2 כֵּן יִתֵּן לִידִידוֺ שֵׁנָא (that is, as abundantly; but Che אָכֵן), Ord 24,14 (see vOrd 24,13), Es 52,14 כֵּן מִשְׁחַת מֵאִישׁ מַרְאֵהוּ (sufficiently to justify שׁממו עליך רבים).
\ \ c. כן occurs frequently in particular phrases, as
\ \ \ (a) with הָיָה, especially ויהי כן and it was so 1 Mos 1,7; 1 Mos 1,9; 1 Mos 1,11 +, 2 Kong 2,10 if thou seest me taken from thee יהילֿך כן let it be to thee so (that is, as thou desirest), 2 Kong 7,20, with עשׂה (especially וַיַּעַשׂ, וַיַּעֲשׂוּ) 1 Mos 29,28; 1 Mos 42,20; 1 Mos 45,21 + often, Dom 7,16 וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּמִמֶּנִּי תִּרְאוּ, + ׳ל 1 Mos 42,25 ויעשׂ להם כן, 2 Mos 22,29; 2 Mos 23,11 ׳כן תעשׂה ל, 5 Mos 22,3; 2 Sam 12,31; 1 Kong 11,8 (compare 1 Kong 6,33; 1 Kong 7,18); 1 Mos 29,26 לא יֵעָשֶׂה כן במקומנו, 1 Mos 34,7; 2 Sam 13,12 rarer usages, דִּבֶּר כֵּן 2 Mos 6,9, אמר כן 1 Kong 22,8, כֵּן אמרתם Ezk 11,5; Ezk 33,10, ׳אָמֵן כֵּן יאֹמַר י 1 Kong 1,36 (compare Jer 28,6), וגם שׁאול אבי יֹדֵעַ כֵּן 1 Sam 23,17 אָהֵב כֵּן (idiomatic) to love (it) so, Jer 5,31; Amos 4,5
\ \ \ (b) 1 Mos 50,3 ימלאו ימי החנֻטים כי כן (compare Dom 14,10; 2 Sam 13,18; Est 2,12);
\ \ \ (c) alone, אִם כֵּן if it be so 1 Mos 25,22; 1 Mos 43,11 כִּיכֵֿןוַיִּרְאוּ 1 Sam 5,7, יָדַעְתִּי כִּיכֵֿן Job 9,2
\ \ \ (d) לא כן not so (namely as has been described or implied), with a substantive 4 Mos 12,7 לא כן עבדי משׁה, 2 Sam 20,21; 2 Sam 23,5; Sl 1,4; Job 9,35b כילֿאכֿן אנכי עמדי not so am I with myself (i.e. I am not conscious of being one who would fear him, v^a), with a verb 5 Mos 18,14 ואתה ׳לא כן נתן לך י (not so, — namely as implied in v^a), 2 Sam 18,14; Es 10,7 לא כן יְדַמֶּה, לא כן יחשׁב, absolute 1 Mos 48,18 לא כן אבי, 2 Mos 10,11.

2. Often, to emphasize the agreement, in answer to כְּ, and כַּאֲשֶׁר: namely
\ \ a. כְּ ֗֗֗ כֵּן,
\ \ \ (a) 1 Mos 44,10 = Jos 2,21 כדבריכם כֶּןהֿוּא according to your words, so be it, 1 Sam 25,25 כי כשׁמו כֶּןהֿוּא, Sl 48,11; Ord 23,7 כֶּןהֿוּא (after conjunction כְּמוֺ), Ezk 42,11 כְּאָרְכָּן כֵּן רָחְבָּן;
\ \ \ (b) 3 Mos 27,12 כְּעֶרְכְּךָ כֵּן יִהְיֶה, 2 Sam 13,35; 4 Mos 8,4; 4 Mos 9,14; 4 Mos 15,20; 5 Mos 8,20; Dom 11,10, so after כְּפִי 4 Mos 6,21
\ \ \ (c) כְּכֹל ֗֗֗ כֵּן ֗֗֗ 1 Sam 8,8; 2 Sam 7,17; Jer 42,5
\ \ \ (d) in similes,
\ \ \ (a) 2 Sam 14,17 כן ׳אדני המלךכמלאך הא, Jer 18,6; Sl 123,2; Sl 127,4; Ord 10,26; Ord 26,8; Ord 26,19; Ord 27,8; Ord 27,19; Hoj 2,2; Hoj 2,3 (β) Joel 2,4 כְּפָרָשִׁים כֵּן יְרוּצוּן, Es 31,5; Es 38,14; Sl 103,15; Ord 26,1; Ord 26,2 (γ) Sl 42,2 כאיל תערג ֗֗֗ כן׳נפשׁי וג like the hind which etc., Sl 83,16; Es 61,11; Es 63,14; Job 7,3, so after כמו Es 26,17 (δ) Jer 2,26 גַּנָּב ֗֗֗ כֵּן הוֺבִישׁוּכְּבשֶׁת, Jer 6,7; Jer 34,5 (read כְּמשׂרפות), Ezk 22,22 (compare vEzk 22,20), Ezk 23,44; Ezk 34,12 compare (of degree) Ezk 35,15 (omitted by ᵐ5 Co), Hos 4,7 כְּרֻבָּם כֵּן חָָֽטְאוּ לִי. Of time (un-common) 1 Sam 9,13 כְּבֹאֲכֶם הָעִיר כֵּן תִּמְצְאוּן אֹתוֺ.
\ \ b. Ezr 10,12 כן כדבריך עלינו לעשׂות.
\ \ c. ֗֗֗ כֵּן ֗֗֗ כַּאֲשֶׁר,
\ \ \ (a) 2 Mos 7,6 כן עשׂו ׳כאשׁר צוה י, 2 Mos 12,28; 2 Mos 12,50; 2 Mos 39,43 (compare 2 Mos 27,8), 4 Mos 8,22 (compare 4 Mos 5,4), 4 Mos 17,26; 4 Mos 36,10; Jos 14,5 (all P); 1 Mos 41,13 כאשׁר פתר כן היה, Jos 10,1; Jos 10,39; Jos 11,15; Dom 1,7; Dom 15,11b Sl 48,9
\ \ \ (b) (frequently) 4 Mos 2,17 כֵּן יִסָּ֑עוּכאשׁר יַחֲנוּ, 2 Mos 1,12 (of degree = the more . . . the more) כַּאֲשֶׁר יְעַנּוּ אֹתוֺ כֵּן יִרְבֶּה וְכֵן יִפְרֹץ;
\ \ \ (c) 1 Mos 6,22 אשׁר צוה אתו אלהים כן עשׂהככל, 2 Mos 39,32; 2 Mos 39,42; 2 Mos 40,16; 4 Mos 1,54; 4 Mos 2,34; 4 Mos 8,20; 4 Mos 9,5 (all P), compare 2 Mos 25,9 (וְכֵן), simil. 2 Sam 9,11; 2 Kong 16,11, compare Jos 1,17; Jer 42,20
\ \ \ (d) 2 Mos 27,8 הֶרְאָה אתך כן יעשׂוכאשׁר, 2 Sam 16,19; 1 Kong 2,38; Es 20,4; Es 52,14f.; with the same verb repeated 3 Mos 24,19; 3 Mos 24,20; 5 Mos 28,63 כאשׁר שׂשׂ ֗֗֗ כן ישׂישׂ, Jos 23,15; 1 Sam 15,33; 1 Sam 26,24; 1 Kong 1,37; Es 10,11; Jer 5,19; Jer 31,28; Jer 32,42; Jer 42,18; Ezk 12,11; Ezk 20,36; Zak 7,13; Ord 24,29; 4 Mos 14,28 אעשׂהאם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן, Es 14,24, so after הלא Es 10,11, after asseverative כי 2 Sam 3,9; 1 Kong 1,30 so ֗֗֗ כֵּן ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּת שֶׁ Praed 5,15
\ \ \ (e) Dom 7,17b כאשׁר אעשׂה כן תעשׂון, 3 Mos 27,14; 4 Mos 15,14, compare Jer 39,12
\ \ \ (f) in similes, 5 Mos 12,22; 5 Mos 22,26; Amos 3,12; Es 65,8; Jer 13,11.
\ \ d. כן כאשׁר ֗֗֗ ,
\ \ \ (a) 2 Mos 7,10 ׳ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צוה י, v2 Mos 7,20; Jos 4,8; 2 Sam 5,25; Ezk 12,7, compare 1 Mos 50,12; 4 Mos 8,3 iron. Amos 5,14 אתּכם כאשׁר ׳אמרתם יהי כן י, 2 Mos 10,10
\ \ \ (b) 1 Mos 18,5 כן תעשׂה כאשׁר דברת, Neh 5,12. — Occasionally in poetry כאשׁר is not expressed : Es 54,9 (De), Es 55,9; Jer 3,20; Job 7,9; Hos 11,2 קראו להם כן הלכו מפניהם (of degree: so = in the same proportion), Sl 48,6 המה ראו כן תמהו (i.e. in the same measure that they saw); Jer 33,22 (according to many, but dubious; read probably כאשׁר Gie) it is represented by אשׁר (so Es 54,9 Hi Ew Di): Dom 5,15 כ is not expressed. — Nah 1,12 is probably corrupt; Zak 11,11 for כן עניי read כְּנַעֲנֵי. — כֹּה, כָּכָה, כָּזֹאת are synonyms, but differ considerably in usage.

3. With prepositions: —
\ \ a. אַחַרכֵּֿן, אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן, מֵאַחֲרֵיכֵֿן, literally after so, i.e. afterwards: see אַחַר.
\ \ b. בְּכֵן (late), literally in such circumstances, i.e. thereupon, then, Praed 8,10; Est 4,16 (ᵑ7 בְּכֵין often for אָז; e.g. 2 Mos 15,1 Syr^Jerusalem = τότε).
\ \ c. כֵּןכְּמוֺֿ Es 51,6, according to some, like so, i.e. (Vrss Rabb) in like manner, or (De) like this (accompanied by a contemptuous gesture) = like a mere nothing: but see IV. כֵּן.
\ \ d. לָכֵן₂₀₀ according to such conditions, that being so, therefore 4 Mos 16,11; 1 Sam 27,6; Sl 16,9; Sl 73,6; Sl 73,10 especially in prophets, where it often introduces, after statement of the grounds, a divine declaration or command: Dom 10,13; 2 Kong 1,6; Amos 4,12; Es 5,13; Es 5,14; Es 5,24; Es 7,14; Es 10,16; Es 16,7; Es 27,9; Jer 6,15; Jer 8,10 etc.; ׳לכן כה אמר י 2 Kong 21,12; Es 10,24; Es 28,16; Es 29,22; Es 30,12; Es 37,33; Jer 5,14; Jer 6,21 + often; followed by נאם האדון Es 1,24 ׳נאם י 1 Sam 2,30; Jer 2,9 ׳לכן הנה ימים באים נאם י Jer 7,32; Jer 16,14; Jer 19,6 +; ׳לכן חי אני נאם י Ezk 5,11; Ezk 35,6; Ezk 35,11; Sef 2,9 הנני ֗֗֗ לכן 1 Kong 14,10; Hos 2,8; Hos 2,16; Es 29,14; Jer 16,21; Ezk 16,37; Ezk 22,19 b Ezk 25,4; Ezk 25,7; Ezk 25,9 +; לכן אֱמֹר 2 Mos 6,6; 4 Mos 25,12 (both P), Ezk 11,16; Ezk 11,17; Ezk 14,6; Ezk 20,30; Ezk 33,25; Ezk 36,22 לָכֵן דַּבֵּר Ezk 14,4; Ezk 20,27 לָכֵן הִנָּכֵא Ezk 11,4; Ezk 36,3; Ezk 36,6; Ezk 37,12; Ezk 38,14 . . . . לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּ Es 28,14; Es 51,21; Jer 6,18; Jer 44,26 +. In answer to יען, 4 Mos 20,12 (P), 1 Kong 14,10; 2 Kong 1,16; 2 Kong 21,12; 2 Kong 22,20; Es 29,14; Es 30,13; Jer 19,6 +, Ezk 5,8; Ezk 13,23 +; so, once, וְלָכֵן Es 8,7 to כי Es 28,16; Jer 35,17 על Jer 9,14 אם Jer 23,38; Jer 42,15. Special usages: —
\ \ \ (a) idiomatic, in conversation, in reply to an objection, to state the ground upon which the answer is made; 1 Mos 4,15 therefore — this being so — whoso killeth Cain, etc., 1 Mos 30,15; Dom 8,7; Dom 11,8; 1 Sam 28,2; 1 Kong 22,19; Job 20,2 (ᵐ5 in Genesis Kings Job, not perceiving the idiom, renders οὐχοὕτως (as though לאכֿן): so also strangely, elsewhere, as 1 Sam 3,14; 2 Kong 1,4; 2 Kong 1,6; 2 Kong 21,12).
\ \ \ (b) inferring the cause from the effect, or developing what is logically involved in a statement, Es 26,14b (compare De) therefore thou hast visited and destroyed them (not a consequence of v^{a 'the dead rise not,'} but the development of what is implicit in it), Es 61,7; Jer 2,33; Jer 5,2 (because namely אין אמונה vJer 5,1), Job 34,25; Job 42,3. — Zak 11,7 read לִכְנַעֲנֵי הַצּאֹן.
\ \ e. עַדכֵּֿן hitherto (of time), as yet Neh 2,16. feminine עַלכֵּֿן₁₄₅ upon ground of such conditions, therefore (introducing, more generally than לָכֵן, the statement of a fact, rather than a declaration: never used in the phrases noted under לָכֵן), 1 Mos 20,6; 1 Mos 42,21; 2 Mos 5,8; 2 Mos 5,17; 2 Mos 16,29; 2 Mos 20,11; 1 Sam 20,29; 1 Sam 28,18; 2 Sam 7,22; 2 Sam 7,27; 1 Kong 20,23; Es 5,25; Es 9,16; Es 13,7; Es 13,13; Es 15,4; Es 15,7; Es 16,9; Es 16,11; Es 17,10; Es 21,3; Es 10,21; Es 12,8; Es 20,11; Es 31,3; Es 31,20; Es 22,4; Es 31,5 etc., Sl 1,5; Sl 42,7; Sl 45,3 c (the poet's inference from v^{a. b}), vSl 1,8; Sl 110,7; Job 6,3; Job 9,22; Job 17,4; Job 20,21 etc., Hoj 1,3 and regularly where the origin of a name, or custom, or proverb is assigned, 1 Mos 2,24 ׳עלכֿן יעזב אישׁ וג, 1 Mos 10,9 יֵאָמַ֔רעלכֿן, 1 Mos 11,9 עלכֿן קרא שׁמה בבל, 1 Mos 16,14; 1 Mos 19,22; 1 Mos 21,31; 1 Mos 25,30; 1 Mos 26,33; 1 Mos 29,34; 1 Mos 29,35; 1 Mos 30,6; 1 Mos 32,33; 1 Mos 47,22; 2 Mos 13,15; 2 Mos 15,23; 4 Mos 18,24; 4 Mos 21,14; 4 Mos 21,27; 5 Mos 10,9 (compare 5 Mos 15,11; 5 Mos 15,15; 5 Mos 19,7; 5 Mos 24,18; 5 Mos 24,22), Jos 7,26; Jos 14,14; Dom 15,19; Dom 18,12; 1 Sam 5,5; 1 Sam 10,12; 1 Sam 23,28 (? read so 1 Sam 27,6) 2 Sam 5,8; 2 Sam 5,20 etc.; הַעַלכֵּֿן Hab 1,17. — Est 9,26 the 2nd על כן (unless dittograph) points unusually onwards to האגרתעל כל דברי on this account, on account, namely, etc.