יָם
Engelsk sea
I GT 398 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
יָם390 noun masculine2 Mos 14,27 sea (Phoenician ים; Arabic ; Palmyrene בימא on the sea, VogNo. 79; on Assyrian iâmu, (¹mu), sea, see DlHWB 307 M-ACD 52 HptBAS i. 171 n.) — absolute יָם 1 Sam 13,5 +; יָ֫מָּה 1 Mos 28,14 +; construct יָם 1 Mos 14,3 + 23 t., also יָ֫מָּה סוּף 2 Mos 10,19, but always יַםסֿוּף 2 Mos 13,18 + 22 t.; suffix יַמָּהּ Jer 51,36 plural יַמִּים Dom 5,17 + 29 t.; — sea: especially
1. Mediterranean 4 Mos 13,29 (E), 4 Mos 34,5 (P), 5 Mos 1,7; Jos 5,1; 1 Kong 5,23 (twice in verse); Jon 1,4 (twice in verse) + often; the Mediterranean is called also הַיָּם הַגָּדוֺל 4 Mos 34,6; 4 Mos 34,7; Jos 15,12; Jos 15,47; Ezk 48,28 +, compare וּרְחַב יָדַיִם ׳גּ ׳הַיּ Sl 104,25 מְבוֺא ׳הַיָּם חַגּ הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ Jos 1,4; Jos 23,4 (see Assyrian name of Mediterranean tiamtu rabitu ša sulmu šamši, etc., SchrNamender Meere. 171 ff.); אֶלמֿוּל הַלְּבָנוֺן ׳הַגּ ׳הַיּ Jos 9,1 הָאַחֲרוֺן ׳הַיּ the hinder sea 5 Mos 11,24; 5 Mos 34,2; Zak 14,8; Joel 2,20 (in the last two opposed to הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַיּ, see below); of Mediterranean in particular part יָם פְּלִשְׁתִּים 2 Mos 23,31 (JE); יָם יָפוֺ 2 Kron 2,15 = יָם יָפוֺא Ezr 3,7.
**Of Mediterranean in plural Dan 11,45 [compare 8 d] Hi Ke Meinh Bev Dr (world-encircling seas Behrm).
2. יַםסֿוּף 'Red Sea' (see סוּף) 2 Mos 13,18 (compare 2 Mos 10,19), 2 Mos 15,4; 4 Mos 14,25; 5 Mos 1,40; Jos 2,10; Dom 11,16 + often; also הַיָּם 2 Mos 14,2 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 14,9; Es 51,10 (twice in verse); Es 63,11 +; probably also יָםמִֿצְרַיִם Es 11,15 'Red Sea' named or referred to approximately 66 t.; יִםסֿוּף clearly of lanitic Gulf 1 Kong 9,26 (compare 2 Kron 8,17).
3. Dead Sea, יָם מֶלַח sea of salt 1 Mos 14,3; 4 Mos 34,3; 4 Mos 34,12; 5 Mos 3,17; Jos 3,16; Jos 12,3; Jos 15,2; Jos 15,5; Jos 18,19 יָם הָעֲרָבָה 5 Mos 3,17; 5 Mos 4,49; Jos 3,16; Jos 12,3; 2 Kong 14,25 הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַי Ezk 47,18; Zak 14,8; Joel 2,29 (see above); simply יָם Es 16,8; Jer 48,32 — in יָם יַעְזֵר Jer 48,32 יָם is textual error, strike out with Gf Gr Che Gie.
4. Sea of Galilee יָם כִּנֶּרֶת 4 Mos 34,11; Jos 13,27 יָם כִּנְּרוֺת Jos 12,3 simply יָם 5 Mos 33,23.
5. more generally sea, opposed to earth and (or) sky 1 Mos 1,26; 1 Mos 1,28; 1 Mos 9,2 (P), 2 Mos 20,11 (E), Hag 2,6 + often Job, Psalms, Isa2 etc.; Amos 6,12 read בַּבָּקָר יָם for בקרים (see בָּקָר); sea as under earth Sl 24,2 (compare 1 Mos 1,10; 1 Mos 6,11; 2 Mos 20,5 = 5 Mos 5,3); figurative of flood of invaders, עָלָה עַלבָּֿבֶל הַיָּם Jer 51,42.
6. of a mighty river, the Nile Nah 3,8 (twice in verse); Es 19,5 (|| נָהָר); compare הַתַּנִּין אֲשֶׁר בַּיָּם Es 27,1 and כַּתַּנִּים בַּיַּמִּים Ezk 32,2 (simile of Pharaoh); of Euphrates Es 21,1; Jer 51,36 (according to Che Gf and others; Es 21,1 perhaps better of Persian Gulf, see Di).
7. the great basin in temple-court, called the sea: וַיַּעַשׂ אֶתהַֿיָּם מוּצָק 1 Kong 7,23 = 2 Kron 4,2 יָם הַנְּחשֶׁת 2 Kong 25,13; 1 Kron 18,8; Jer 52,17 הַיָּם alone 1 Kong 7,24; 1 Kong 7,25 + 10 t. Kings Chronicles + Jer 52,20.
8. combinations are:
\ \ a. shore of sea, sea-shore שְׂפַת הַיָּם Jos 11,4; 1 Kong 5,9, and in simile 1 Mos 22,17; Dom 7,12; 1 Sam 13,5 ׳חוֺף הַי Jos 9,1; Ezk 25,16 חוֺף יַמִּים 1 Mos 49,13; Dom 5,17 compare חֶבֶל הַיָּם Sef 2,5 region by the sea; so vSef 2,6 but dubious, see I. חֶבֶל
\ \ a. shore of sea, sea-shore שְׂפַת הַיָּם Jos 11,4; 1 Kong 5,9, and in simile 1 Mos 22,17; Dom 7,12; 1 Sam 13,5 ׳חוֺף הַי Jos 9,1; Ezk 25,16 חוֺף יַמִּים 1 Mos 49,13; Dom 5,17 compare חֶבֶל הַיָּם Sef 2,5 region by the sea; so vSef 2,6 but dubious, see I. חֶבֶל
3. b. sand of the sea (shore) חוֺל הַיָּם (in simile) 1 Mos 32,13; 1 Mos 41,49; Hos 2,1; Es 10,22 + often (see חוֺל); חוֺל גְּבוּל לַיָּם Jer 5,22.
\ \ c. לְשׁוֺן הַיָּם tongue (arm or gulf) of sea Jos 15,5; Jos 18,19; Es 11,5.
\ \ d. מִיָּם עַדיָֿם Amos 8,12; Zak 9,10; Sl 72,8, compare Mik 7,12; Zak 14,8 (twice in verse); Joel 2,20 (twice in verse); Dan 11,45.
\ \ c. לְשׁוֺן הַיָּם tongue (arm or gulf) of sea Jos 15,5; Jos 18,19; Es 11,5.
\ \ d. מִיָּם עַדיָֿם Amos 8,12; Zak 9,10; Sl 72,8, compare Mik 7,12; Zak 14,8 (twice in verse); Joel 2,20 (twice in verse); Dan 11,45.
9. = (west, west-word (originally sea-ward, from position of Mediterranean with reference to Palestine, and this sense still often perceptible): with other three points of compass 1 Mos 13,14; 1 Mos 28,14 (J), 4 Mos 2,18; 4 Mos 35,5 (P), 5 Mos 3,27; 1 Kong 7,25; 1 Kron 9,24; 2 Kron 4,4; Ezk 42,19 + 6 t. Ezekiel; Zak 14,4; Dan 8,4; Sl 107,3 (מִמִּזְרָח וּמִמַּעֲרָב מִצָּפוֺן וּמִיָּם; but read perhaps וּמִיָּמִן from the south, Hu Pe Bi Che); opposed to east Jos 11,2; Jos 16,6 + 16 t. Ezk 48,1–200 west alone 1 Mos 12,8 (J); רוּהַ יָם Ezk 10,19 (J) west wind; מִיָּם לְ westward Jos 8,9; Jos 8,12; Jos 8,13 +; יָ֫מָּה westward, often of tabernacle 2 Mos 26,22; 2 Mos 26,27; 4 Mos 3,23 + (all P), and of land Jos 5,1; Jos 15,8; Jos 15,10 etc., + often Ezekiel; דֶּרֶךְ הַיָּם = westward Ezk 41,12 גְּבוּל יָם western border 4 Mos 34,6 (twice in verse); Jos 15,2 פְּאַתיָֿם west side 2 Mos 27,12; 2 Mos 38,12; 4 Mos 35,5; Jos 18,14 פְּאַת דרך הים Ezk 41,12 (see further פאה).
Flere artikler i BDB med samme Strong-nummer
יַם BDB9582 · aramaisk
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Versnumrene følger den hebraiske tekst og kan i enkelte bøger (fx Salmerne) afvige med et vers fra de danske.
2. Mosebog
Josvas Bog
Salmernes Bog
Esajas' Bog
Jeremias' Bog
Ezekiels Bog
Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.