יָדַע

Qal Perfect יָדַע 1 Mos 4,1 +; יָדָ֑ע 3 Mos 5,1 +; suffix יְדָעוֺ 5 Mos 34,10; Job 28,7 יְדָעָהּ 1 Mos 24,16; 1 Kong 1,4 יְדָעָ֫נוּ Es 63,16 3 feminine singular יָָֽדְעָה Dom 11,39 + 4 t.; 2 masculine singular יָדַעְתָּ 1 Mos 30,26 +; יָדַ֫עְתָּה 2 Sam 2,26 יָדַ֫עַתְּ Rut 2,11; 1 Kong 2,15 יָדָ֑עַתְּ Jer 50,24 וְיָדַ֫עַתְּ consecutive Rut 3,4 + 6 t. (including Ezk 22,16, Co וִידַעְתֶּם, so ᵐ5 ᵑ7) + Ezk 28,22 Co (for וְיָ˜דְעוּ), so ᵐ5; יָדַ֫עְתִּי 1 Mos 4,9 +; suffix יְדַעְתִּ֫יךָ 2 Mos 33,12 + 2 t.; יְדַעְתִּיו 1 Mos 18,19 יְדַעְתִּים Ord 30,18 יְדַעְתִּין Es 48,7 יָָֽדְעוּ 1 Mos 19,8 +; יָדָ֑עוּ 2 Kong 4,39 +; יָָֽדְעוּן 5 Mos 8,3; 5 Mos 8,16 (Dr^{§ 6 n}.); 2 masculine plural יְדַעְתֶּם 1 Mos 44,15 +; 2 feminine plural יְדַעְתֶּן 1 Mos 31,6 וִידַעְתֶּן consecutive Ezk 13,21; Ezk 13,23, etc.; Imperfect יֵדַע Es 7,16 +; יֵדָ֑ע Jos 22,22 + 5 t.; וְיֵדָ֑ע Sl 138,6 (read probably יֵידָ֑ע see Ges^{«GKC:69»§ 69}, 2 R, 3); וַיֵּ֫דַע 1 Mos 4,17 +; suffix יֵ˜דָעֶנּוּ Jer 17,9 וְיֵ˜דָעֵם Hos 14,10 Imperative דַּע 1 Mos 20,7 + 10 t.; דְּעֶה Ord 24,14 דָּ֑ע Praed 11,19 suffix דָּעֵ֫הוּ Ord 3,6 דְּעִי Jer 2,19 + 4 t.; דְּעוּ 4 Mos 32,23 + 15 t.; Infinitive construct דֵּעָה 2 Mos 2,4 דַּ֫עַת 1 Mos 3,22 +; דַּעְתִּי 5 Mos 9,24, etc.; Infinitive absolute יָדוֺעַ 1 Mos 43,7; Jos 23,13 יַדֹעַ 1 Mos 15,3 + 11 t.; Participle active יֹדֵעַ 1 Mos 3,5 +; feminine יֹדַ֫עַת 4 Mos 31,17 + 2 t.; יֹדְעִים 2 Kong 17,26 +; passive וִידוּעַ construct Es 53,3 plural וִידֻעִים 5 Mos 1,13; 5 Mos 1,15 —

1. a. know, learn to know, good and evil 1 Mos 3,22 (J), followed by אֶתאֲֿשֶׁר 1 Sam 28,9 מִסְפַּר הָעָם 2 Sam 24,2 anything מְאוּמָה 1 Sam 20,39 לֹא יָדַע אִתּוֺ מְאוּמָה 1 Mos 36,6 (see II. אֵךְ

1. b), so v1 Mos 36,8 כָּלדָּֿבָר 2 Sam 15,11, subject God, knowing fowls Sl 50,11 way to wisdom Job 28,23 etc.; of bird of prey נָתִיב לֹא יְדָעוֺ עָ֑יִט Job 28,7 the price of wisdom Job 28,13 something future יום מוֺתִי 1 Mos 27,2 (J); especially followed by clause 1 Mos 12,11 (J) I Know that thou art a woman of fair appearance, 1 Mos 22,12 (E), Praed 1,17 לֹא ידעתי 1 Mos 28,16 answering question Where ? without other object, 1 Mos 4,9 (both J); followed by accusative + בְּ, in, in the matter of (see בְּ 1 2 b) לֹא יָדַע עַבְדְּךָ בְּכָלֿ זֹאת דָּבָר קָטֹן אוֺ גדוֺל 1 Sam 22,15 thy servant knoweth not of all this anything, little or much; followed by בְּ (rare), gain knowledge of, learn of or about, with infinitive הֲתֵדַע בְּשׂוּםאֱֿלוֺהַּ עֲלֵיהֶם Job 37,15 dost thou know about God's enjoining upon them? also with substantive אִישׁ אַליֵֿדַע בַּדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה Jer 38,24 let not a man know of these words; similarly followed by עַל, only הֲתֵדַע עַלמִֿפְלְשֵׂיעָֿ֑ב Job 37,16 dost thou know concerning the balancings of clouds? (in Job 12,9 בְּ is instrumental, as 1 Mos 15,8; Sl 41,12); followed by מִן, הַמַּחֲבֹאִים רְאוּ וּדְעוּ מִכָּלֿ 1 Sam 23,23 observe and get knowledge of all the hiding-places; but followed by object clause + מִן of source, קֶדֶם יָדַעְתִּי מֵעֵדֹתֶ֑יךָ כִּי Sl 119,152 long ago I gained knowledge out of thy testimonies that etc.; followed by לְ, have knowledge of, יָדַעְתָּ לְאִוַּלְתִּי Sl 69,6 thou knowest my foolishness; especially יהוה וידע כי אני and he shall (thou shalt, etc.) know that I am Yahweh 2 Mos 10,2 (R), 2 Mos 6,7; 2 Mos 14,4; 2 Mos 16,12; 2 Mos 29,46 (all P), Ezk 6,7; Ezk 6,10; Ezk 6,13 + often in Ezekiel; 1 Kong 20,13; 1 Kong 20,28 followed by accusative, which is really subject of following clause, 1 Mos 18,19 (J) I know him that he will, etc. 2 Sam 3,25 (Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}. 1, R. 6).
\ \ b. perceive 1 Mos 19,33; 1 Mos 19,35 (J; object clause infinitive with בְּ); with added idea of observing, taking note of, a place, accusative Rut 3,4 with בְּ, יָדַעְתָּ בְּצָרוֺת נַפְשִׁי Sl 31,8 (|| רָאָה אֶתֿ).
\ \ c. || ראה, imperative דע וראה perceive and see 1 Sam 12,17; 1 Sam 24,12 find out and discern 1 Sam 14,38; 1 Sam 23,22 in reverse order, ראו ודעו only 1 Sam 23,23 (see a above), Jer 5,1 (see Dr^Sm). — Seealso g below
\ \ d. discriminate, distinguish הַאֵדַע בֵּיןטֿוֺב לְרָ֑ע 2 Sam 19,36, compare 5 Mos 1,29 (no בֵּין); לֹא יָ˜דְעוּ בֵיןיְֿמִינוֺ לִשְׂמאֹלוֺ Jon 4,11 they cannot distinguish between their right hand and their left.
\ \ e. know by experience, וִידַעְתֶּם בְּכָלֿ לְבַבְכֶם וּבְכָלנַֿפְשְׁכֶם כִּי Jos 23,14 (D) and know in all your hearts, and all your souls, that, etc.; learn to know ׳י Hos 13,14 learn (a bitter lesson) Hos 9,7; Es 9,8; Sl 14,4 experience ׳י's vengeance Ezk 25,14; Sl 14,4 (absolute); quietness Job 20,20. feminine recognise, admit, acknowledge, confess Jer 3,13; Jer 14,20; Es 59,12; Sl 51,5.
\ \ g. consider דְּעוּ מַהתַּֿעֲשׂוּ Dom 18,14 || ראה, imperative דע וראה, דעו וראו, 2 Sam 24,13; 1 Kong 20,7; 1 Kong 20,22 also וְיָדַעְתָּ עִםלִֿבָבֶ֑ךָ כִּי 5 Mos 8,5 and thou shalt consider with (in) thy heart, that, 5 Mos 4,39.
\ \ h. לֹא ידע not know = not except Es 47,11; Sl 35,8.

2. know a person, be acquainted with 1 Mos 29,5 (J), 2 Mos 1,8 (E), Job 42,11, know ׳י Job 24,1 c לֹא, object especially other gods, strange land, etc. = have no knowledge of, or acquaintance with, have not heard of, especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah: — 5 Mos 11,28; 5 Mos 13,3; 5 Mos 13,7; 5 Mos 13,14; 5 Mos 28,64; 5 Mos 29,25; 5 Mos 32,17 (poem), Jer 7,9; Jer 9,15; Jer 14,18; Jer 16,13; Jer 17,4; Jer 19,4; Jer 22,28; Jer 44,3 participle active acquaintance Job 19,13 passive participle acquainted with אִישׁ מַכְאֹבוֺת וִידוּעַ חֹ֑לִי Es 53,3 (literally known of sickness, see Thes Ew Che Di Du); well-known (with implied trustworthiness) 5 Mos 1,13; 5 Mos 1,15 ; of beasts knowing owner and master's crib Es 1,3 (compare Jer 8,7); especially of knowing God ׅ׳לֹא יָדַעְתִּי (י ׳אֶתיֿ 2 Mos 5,2 (J); involving intelligent worship, obedience, etc. Dom 2,10; 1 Sam 2,12 (read יֵדַע for ᵑ0 יָדַע Dr), 1 Sam 3,7; Hos 2,22; Hos 8,2; Hos 5,4; Sl 79,6 (see also דַּעַת 2 b); of God's Knowing persons etc., throughly Hos 5,3; Job 11,11 knowing the heart 1 Kong 8,39; 2 Kron 6,30; Sl 139,4 knowing his true servants, recognising and acknowledgingthem 2 Sam 7,20; Nah 1,7; 1 Kron 17,18 +; יְדַעְתִּיךָ בְּשֵׁם 2 Mos 33,12 (JE); = take notice of, regardSl 1,6; Sl 31,7; Sl 37,18 so of Israel as chosen people Amos 3,2; Hos 13,5 (Assyrian idûšu, God regardeth him, Hpt^{BAS i, 15}) compare 1 Mos 18,19 (J).

3. know a personcarnally, of sexual intercourse, followed by accusative: man subject 1 Mos 4,1; 1 Mos 4,17; 1 Mos 4,25; 1 Mos 24,16; 1 Mos 38,26 (all J), 1 Sam 1,19; Dom 19,25; 1 Kong 1,4 woman subject 1 Mos 19,8 (J), 4 Mos 31,17; 4 Mos 31,18; 4 Mos 31,35 (all P), Dom 11,39 יֹדַעַת מִשְׁכַּב זָכָר Dom 21,11 לֹא יָ˜דְעָה אִישׁ לְמִשְׁכַּב זָכָר vDom 21,12 man subject and object (of sodomy) 1 Mos 19,5 (J), Dom 19,22.

4. a. know how to do a thing, be able to do it, often with לֹא and followed by infinitive לֹא יָ˜דְעוּ עֲשׂוֺתֿ נְכֹחָה Amos 3,10 they know not how to do right; לֹא יָדַעְתִּי דַבֵּר Jer 1,6; Jer 6,15; 1 Kong 3,7; Es 56,11 (twice in verse), with לְ Es 50,4; Praed 10,15 לֹא יָדַע לְהִזָּהֵר Praed 4,13 know not how to be admonished (Praed 4,17 know that); infinitive absolute ידע מָאוֺס בָּרָע וּבָחוֺר בַּטּוֺב Es 7,15; Es 7,16.
\ \ b. be skilful in,especially participle, followed by accusative יֹדֵעַ צַיִד 1 Mos 25,27 (J) skilled in hunting; ידע סֵפֶר skilled in a book, learnedEs 29,11; Es 29,12 (twice in verse); as plural construct יוֺדְעֵי נֶ֑הִי Amos 5,16 knowers of lamentation,professional mourners; יֹדְעֵי הַיָּם 1 Kong 9,27 skilled in the sea, 2 Kron 8,18 especially followed by infinitive יֹדֵעַ נַגֵּן 1 Sam 16,18 skilled in playing,1 Kong 5,20; 2 Kron 2,6; 2 Kron 2,7; 2 Kron 2,13: יֹדֵעַ מְנַגֵּן בַּכִנּוֺר 1 Sam 16,16 knowing, (as) a player on the lyre (see Dr).

5. absolute have knowledge, be wise: לַֹיּדְעִים Praed 9,11 (|| חֲכָמִים, נְבֹנִים); especially have knowledge of God and duty, or in practical affairs Es 1,3 (|| בין), Es 56,10 often with accusative of congnate meaning with verb: דַּעַת Ord 17,27; Ord 30,3 בִּינָה Es 29,24; Ord 4,1; 2 Kron 2,12, compare יוֺדְעֵי בִינָה לָעִתִּים 1 Kron 12,33 (Baer), Est 1,13 also יֹדְעֵי דָּת וָדִין vEst 1,13 יֹדְעֵי דַעַת וּמְבִינֵי מַדָּע Dan 1,4 object שֶׂכֶל וּבִינָה 2 Kron 2,11 (|| בֵּן חָכָם); חָכְמָה וּמוּסָר Ord 1,2 (|| הבין אִמְרֵי בִּינָה); חָכְמָה Ord 24,14; Praed 8,16. Niph`al Perfect נוֺדַע 1 Mos 41,21 + 10 t.; וְנוֺדַע consecutive 1 Sam 6,3 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular וְנוֺדְעָה 3 Mos 4,14; Es 66,14, etc.; Imperfect יִוָּדַע 1 Mos 41,31 + 10 t.; יִוָּדֵ֑עַ Ord 10,9 וַיִּוָּדַ֫ע Est 2,22 3 feminine singular תִּוָּדֵ֑עַ Ord 14,33 2 feminine singular תִּוָּ˜דְעִי Rut 3,3 וָאִוָּדַע Ezk 20,5 Infinitive suffix הִוָּ˜דְעִי Jer 31,19 Participle נוֺדָע Sl 76,2 + 2 t.; —

1. be made known, beor become known,of things 1 Mos 41,31 (followed by בְּ), 2 Mos 2,14 (both E), 3 Mos 4,14 (P), Dom 16,9; 2 Sam 17,19; Nah 3,17; Zak 14,7 (followed by לְ), Sl 77,20; Sl 79,10 (followed by בְּ); Sl 88,13 (followed by בְּ); of hand of ׳י Es 66,14 (followed by אֶת); with subject clause 2 Mos 21,36; 2 Mos 33,16 (both J E), 5 Mos 21,1; 1 Sam 6,3 (followed by לְ), 1 Kong 18,36; Ezk 36,32 (followed by לְ) Rut 3,14; Praed 6,10; Est 2,22 (followed by לְ); of person, Ord 31,23 (followed by בְּ) Es 61,9 (followed by בְּ and בְּתוֺךְ); of ׳י Sl 76,2 (followed by בְּ); = be revealed, discovered, of person 1 Sam 22,6; Jer 28,9; Ord 10,9 of things Neh 4,9; Ord 12,16; Ord 14,33.

2. make oneself known,of person, followed by לְ Rut 3,3, usually of God (׳י) 2 Mos 6,3 (P; || וָאֵרָא אֶלֿ), Es 19,21; Ezk 20,5, followed by לְעֵינֵי Ezk 38,23 followed by אֶלֿ Ezk 20,9 followed by בְּ Ezk 35,11; Sl 48,4 without preposition Sl 9,17.

3. be perceived (passive of Qal), of perception by the eye 1 Mos 41,21 (E), Sl 74,5.

4. be instructed (passive of Hiph`il) Jer 31,19, in spiritual sense, through chastisement. Pi`el Perfect 2 masculine singular יִדַּ֫עְתָּ, only ידעתה שַׁחַר מקֹמוֺ Job 38,12 Kt; read with Qr יִדַּעְתָּ הַשַּׁחַר cause to know, followed by 2 accusative; so Sl 104,19 according to Bae, who reads יִדַּע, after Aq Symm. Po. Perfect יוֺדַעְתִּי 1 Sam 21,3 I have caused to know, i.e. directed, followed by accusative, but read יוֺעַדְתִּי or יָעַדְתִּי, from יעד, so ᵐ5 We Dr. Pu`al Participle known מידעת Es 12,5 Kt (Qr מוּדַעַת see Hoph`al); elsewhere as substantive = acquaintance מְיֻדָּעִי Sl 55,14 מְיֻדָּעָיו 2 Kong 10,11 מְיֻדָּעַי Sl 88,9; Job 19,14 (|| קְרוֺבָ֑י), Sl 88,19 (|| אֹהֵב and רֵעַ); מְיֻדָּעָ֑י Sl 31,12, Kt מידע Rut 2,1 (Qr מוֺדַע q.see below) Hiph`il Perfect הוֺדִיעַ Sl 98,2 הוֺדִיעַ֫נִי Jer 11,18 הוֺדַ֫עְתָּ 1 Kong 1,27 + 2 t.; הוֺדָ֑עְתָּ Job 26,3, etc.; Imperfect יוֺדִיעַ Sl 103,7; Es 38,19 jussive יֹדַ֫ע 4 Mos 16,5 וַיֹּדַע Dom 8,16 יוֺדִיעֶנּוּ Es 40,13; Es 40,14 2 masculine singular תּוֺדִיעַ Hab 3,2 תּוֺדִיעֵנִי Sl 16,11; Sl 51,8 1 singular אוֺדִיעַ Sl 89,2; Ezk 39,7 אוֺדִיעָה Ord 1,23; Es 5,5 יוֺדִיעוּ Job 32,7 יוֺדִעֻם Ezk 44,23 נוֺדִיעָה 1 Sam 14,12 Imperative הוֺדַע Ord 9,9 + 3 t. (הוֺדַ֑ע Sl 90,12); suffix הוֺדִיעֵנִי Job 10,2 + 6 t., etc.; Infinitive construct הוֺדִיעַ 2 Sam 7,21 + 3 t.; הֹדִיעַ 1 Kron 17,19 הוֺדִיעֵנִי 1 Sam 28,15, etc.; Participle מוֺדִיְעֲךָ Dan 8,19 מוֺדִיעָם Jer 16,21 מוֺדִיעִים Es 47,13; 2 Kron 23,13 — make known, declare, with accusative of thing 4 Mos 16,5 (P), Ezk 39,7; 1 Kron 17,19; Job 26,3; Sl 89,2; Sl 98,2; Sl 106,8 object omitted Hab 3,2 teach, with accusative of thing Job 32,7 followed by infinitive Sl 90,12 and (peculiarly) לְהַלֵּל ׳מ 2 Kron 23,13 i.e.led in praising; with לְ person Ord 9,9 with accusative of person Es 40,13; Dom 8,16 (but read וַיָּ֫דָשׁ, see דושׁ); make known, declare, with accusative of thing, + לְ person 2 Mos 18,20; 5 Mos 4,9; Neh 8,12; Neh 9,14; Sl 78,5; Sl 103,7; Sl 145,12; Es 38,19; Es 64,1 with clause of thing, + לְ person 1 Sam 10,8 make one know, with clause of thing and accusative (suffix) person 2 Mos 33,12; 5 Mos 8,3; 1 Sam 6,2; 1 Sam 16,3; 1 Sam 28,15; Job 10,2; Job 37,19 with accusative of thing + suffix person הוֺדִעֵנִי נָא אֶתֿ דְּרָכֶ֔ךָ וְאֵדָעֲךָ 2 Mos 33,13 (JE) make me, I pray, to know thy ways, that I may know thee; Jer 16,21; Ezk 20,4; Ezk 22,2; Ezk 43,11; Es 40,14 (|| וַיְלַמְּדֵהוּ דַעַת, also v<sup>a</sup> וַיְבִינֵהוּ), Ord 22,21; Job 13,23; Sl 16,11; Sl 25,4 (|| לַמְּדֵנִי), vSl 16,14 (on infinitive with לְ see Ges<sup>§158; 114, 2, R. 2, Exx</sup>,), Sl 39,5; Sl 51,8; Sl 143,8 (|| הַשְׁמִיעֵנִי); חַטָּאתִי אוֺדִיעֲךָ Sl 32,5 (|| עֲוֺנִי לֹאכִֿסִּיתִי); followed by 2 separate accusative 1 Mos 41,39 (E), 1 Sam 14,12; Es 5,5; Ezk 20,1; Ezk 16,2; Ord 1,23; Dan 8,19 accusative of person omitted 2 Mos 18,16 (E); accusative of thing omitted Jos 4,22 = teach one (D), so Es 40,13; 2 Sam 7,21; 1 Kong 1,27 = answer Job 38,2; Job 40,7; Job 42,4 with suffix person, accusative of thing omitted Jer 11,18; Jer 16,21; Ord 22,19 followed by accusative of thing + בְּ Sl 77,15 thou hast made known thy might among the peoples, Es 12,4; 1 Kron 18,8 = Sl 105,1 followed by clause + בְּ person Hos 5,9 followed by בֵּין, teach the difference between, to discriminate between בֵּין הַטָּמֵא לְטָהוֺר Ezk 22,26 + suffix person Ezk 44,23 (compare Qal 1 d); followed by מִן partitive מוֺדִעִים לֶחֳדָשִׁים מֵאֲשֶׁר יָבוֺאוּ Es 47,13 who declare, at the new moons, of (the things) which are to come. Hoph`al Perfect הוֺדַע 3 Mos 4,23; 3 Mos 4,28 (see Kö^{i, 427}); Participle מוּדַעַת Qr Es 12,5 (> Kt מְידַֻּעַת); — made known (Participle) Qr Es 12,5 let this be made known in (בְּ) all the earth (> Kt Punic Participle which is not elsewhere in this sense); followed by אֵלָיו if his sin be made known unto himself 3 Mos 4,23; 3 Mos 4,28 (P). Hitph. Imperfect אֶתְוַדָּ֑ע 4 Mos 12,6 (E); sq: אֶלֿ make oneself known to, of ׳י; Infinitive הִתְוַדַּע אֶלֿ 1 Mos 45,1 (E), of Joseph.