כֹּל

1. with following genitive (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, all or every:
\ \ a. 1 Mos 2,2 כָּלצְֿבָאָם the whole of their host, v1 Mos 2,13 כָּלאֶֿרֶץ כּוּשׁ the whole of the land of Kush; כָּלהַֿלַּיְלָה the whole of the night; כָּליִֿשְׂרָאֵל the whole of Israel = all Israel; 5 Mos 4,29 בְּכָללְֿבָֽבְךָ with the whole of thy heart = with all thy heart; + very often With a plural noun, usually determined by the article or a genitive: 1 Mos 5,5 כליֿמי אדם the whole of (= all) the days of Adam, 1 Mos 37,35 כלבֿניו the whole of (= all) his sons, Es 2,2 כלהֿגוים all the nations; 1 Mos 43,9 + often כל הימים = continually. In poetry, however, the noun may remain undetermined, כָּליָֿדַיִם the whole of hands = every hand, Es 13,7; Jer 48,37; Ezk 21,12 כלפֿנים i.e. every face Es 25,8; Joel 2,6 כל שׁלחנות Es 28,8 כל חוצות Es 51,20; Klg 2,19 and elsewhere Before an infinitive 1 Mos 30,41; 5 Mos 4,7; 1 Kong 8,52; 1 Kron 23,31. frequently with suffixes, as (כֻּלֹּה) כֻּלּוֺ the whole of him 1 Mos 25,25; Job 21,23; Hoj 5,16, the whole of it 3 Mos 13,13; Jer 2,21; Nah 2,1; Ord 24,31 כֻּלָּהּ the whole of it 1 Mos 13,10; 2 Mos 19,18; 2 Mos 25,36; Amos 8,8 כֻּלָּךְ all of thee Hoj 4,7 + (see at the beginning); כֻּלָּנוּ the whole of us 1 Mos 42,11; 5 Mos 5,3; Es 53,6 (twice in verse); כֻּלְּכֶם 5 Mos 1,22; 5 Mos 4,4; 1 Sam 22,7 (twice in verse); כֻּלָּם 1 Mos 11,6; 1 Mos 43,34; Jos 8,24 ויפלו כֻּלָּם, Dom 11,6 בְּיַד כֻּלָּם, Es 7,19; Es 31,3 + often — Twice, strangely, with hyperb. intensive force, Sl 39,6 כָּלהֶֿבֶל the whole of vanity are all men (? omit כל, as vSl 39,12), Sl 45,14 כָּלכְּֿבוּדָּה the whole of gloriousness is the king's daughter.
\ \ b. followed often by a singular, to be understood collectively, whether with or without the article: 1 Mos 1,21 את כל נפשׁ החיה the whole of living souls = every living soul, 1 Mos 2,9 כל עץ נחמד למראה the whole of trees (every kind of tree) pleasant to view, 1 Mos 6,12 + כָּלבָּֿשָׂר, 1 Mos 7,14 כל צפור כל כנף all birds of every kind of wing (so Ezk 17,23), vEzk 17,21 כל האדם the whole of mankind (so 4 Mos 12,3; 4 Mos 16,29; Dom 16,17 and elsewhere); in poetry כלאֿדם Sl 39,6; Sl 64,10 +; 1 Sam 14,52 כל אישׁ גבור וכלבֿןחֿיל, 1 Sam 17,19; 1 Sam 17,24 כל אישׁ ישׂראל, 1 Sam 22,2; Es 9,16 כל פה the whole of mouths = every mouth, Es 15,2; Es 24,10 כָּלבַּֿיִת + often (in Es 2,12–16 the singular and plural interchange); Sl 7,12 + בכליֿום, Sl 10,5 + בכלעֿת = at all seasons. So כלהֿעץ 1 Mos 1,29, כלהֿבן 2 Mos 1,22 = all the sons, כלהֿמקום 2 Mos 20,24; 5 Mos 11,24 = all the places, כלהֿמרכב 3 Mos 15,9, v3 Mos 15,26; 5 Mos 4,3 כלהֿאישׁ אשׁר = all the men who. . ., 5 Mos 15,19 כלהֿבכור, Jer 4,29 כלהֿעיר עזובה all the cities (notice the following בָּהֶן); כלהֿיום = all the days (see יוֺם 7 f), etc. In late Hebrew extended to such phrases as בְּכָלדּֿוֺר וָדוֺר Sl 45,18; Sl 145,13; Est 9,28 בכלעֿיר ועיר 2 Kron 11,12; 2 Kron 28,25; 2 Kron 31,19; Est 8,11; Est 8,17; Est 9,28; 2 Kron 32,28; Est 2,11; Est 3,14; Est 4,3; Est 8,13; Est 8,17; Est 9,21; Est 9,27; Est 9,28 (3 t. in verse) (compare וְ 1 i b).
\ \ c. the genitive after כל is often a relative sentence, introduced by אשׁר: 1 Mos 1,31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה the whole of what he had made, 1 Mos 7,22; 1 Mos 13,1 + very often Sts., with a preposition, כל אשׁר has the force of wheresover, whithersoever, as Jos 1,7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ wheresoever thou goest, vJos 1,16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר whithersoever (see אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ). Very rarely in such cases is there ellipse of the rel., as 1 Mos 39,4 וְכָליֶֿשׁלֿוֺ נָתַן בְּיָדִי (contrast v1 Mos 39,5 v1 Mos 39,8), 2 Mos 9,4 מכללֿבני ישׂראל, Es 38,16 וּלְכָּלבָּֿהֶן חַיֵּי רוּחִי, Sl 71,18 לְכָליָֿבוֺא (Sl 74,3, see 2 a), 2 Kron 32,31 peculiarly also in Chronicles (Dr^{Intr 505}), 1 Kron 29,3 מִכָּלהֲֿכִינוֺתִי, 2 Kron 30,18f.; Ezr 1,6 compare with כֹּל (2 a) 1 Kron 29,11 a 2 Kron 30,17; Ezr 1,5.
\ \ d. with a suffix two idiomatic uses of כל have to be noticed:
\ \ \ (a) כל is often made more independent and emphatic by being placed with a suffix after the word which it qualifies, to which it then stands in apposition (compare in Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic), as 2 Sam 2,9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלּהֹ, Jer 13,19; Jer 48,31; Es 9,8; Es 14,29; Es 14,31 פלשׁת כלך Philistia, all of thee ! Mik 2,12; Hab 2,6; Job 34,13; Sl 67,4; Sl 67,6 especially in Ezekiel, as Ezk 14,5; Ezk 29,2 מצרים כֻּלָּהּ Ezk 32,12; Ezk 32,30 with change of person (compare the idiom in Es 22,16; Es 48,1; Es 54,1 etc.), 1 Kong 22,28 = Mik 1,2 שׁמעו עמים כלם Hear, nations, all of them ! Mal 3,9 הַגּוֺי כֻּלּוֺ. So even with כל preceding: 4 Mos 16,3 כָּלהָֿעֵדָה כֻּלָּם, Es 14,18; Jer 30,16; Ezk 11,15 כל בית ישׂראל כֻּלֹּה the whole of the house of Israel, the whole of it (so Ezk 20,40; Ezk 36,10), Ezk 35,15; Ezk 36,5; Sl 8,8 (compare Sabean DHM^l.c.);
\ \ \ (b) with the suffix of 3 masculine singular, understood as referring to the mass of things or persons meant, כֻּלֹּה or כֻּלּוֺ, literally the whole of it, is equivalent to all of them, every one, 2 Mos 14,7 and captains עַלכֻּֿלּוֺ upon the whole of it (the רֶכֶב collectively) = all of them, Es 1,23 the whole of it (the people) loveth bribes, Es 9,16; Es 15,3; Jer 6,13 (twice in verse); Jer 8,6; Jer 8,10 (twice in verse); Jer 20,7; Hab 1,9; Hab 1,15; Sl 29,9 and in his temple כֻּלּוֺ אֹמֵר כָּבוֺד the whole of it (= every one there) says, Glory ! Sl 53,4 (|| Sl 14,3 הַכֹּל); perhaps Es 16,7; Jer 48,38 + Ord 19,6 Ew Hi (וְכֻלּהֹ רֵעַ): Jer 15,10 read כֻּלְּהֶם קִלֲלוּנִי.
\ \ e. Hebrew idiom in certain cases affirms, or denies, of an entire class, where English idiom affirms, or denies, of an individual of the class; thus in a comparative or hypothetical sentence כל is = any, and with a negative = none:
\ \ \ (a) 1 Mos 3,1 the serpent was more subtil מכל חית השׂדה than all beasts of the field (in our idiom: than any beast of the field), 5 Mos 7,7; 1 Sam 9,2
\ \ \ (b) 3 Mos 4,2 a soul when it sins through ignorance מכל מצות יי֞ in all the commandments of Jehovah (= in any of the commandments, etc.), 3 Mos 19,23 when ye . . . plant כלעֿץ מאכל = any tree for food, 4 Mos 35,22 or if he have cast upon him כָּלכְּֿלִי = any weapon, 1 Kong 8,37 b; joined with a participle in a hypothetical sense (Dr^{§ 121 n.} Ges^{«GKC:116»§ 116}. 5 R. 5), 1 Mos 4,14 כל מצאי all my finders (= if any one find me), he will slay me, v1 Mos 4,15 a 4 Mos 21,8 כָּלהַֿנָּשׁוּךְ = whosoever (= if any one) is bitten, 1 Sam 2,13
\ \ \ (c) with a negative, 1 Mos 2,5 all plants of the field טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה were not as yet = no plant of the field as yet was, 1 Mos 4,15 b לבלתי הכותאֿתו כלמֿצאו for the not-smiting him of all finding him = that none finding him should smite him, 2 Mos 10,15 ולאנֿותר כל ירק = and no green things were left, 2 Mos 12,16 כלמֿלאכה לא יעשׂה all work shall not be done = no work shall be done, 5 Mos 28,14; Dom 13,4 אַלתּֿאֹכְלִי כָּלטָֿמֵא eat not of all that is unclean, Dom 19,19 אֵין מַחְסוֺר כָּלדָּֿבָר there is no lack of all things i.e. of any thing, Sl 143,2 כי לאיֿצדק לפניך כלחֿי, + very often (so οὐ πᾶς, as a Hebraism, in the N.T., e.g. Mark 13,20 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, Luk 1,37 οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει . . . πᾶν ρἧμα, as Jer 32,17 לֹאיִֿפָּלֵא מִמְּךָ כָּלדָּֿבָר, Gal 2,16 οὐ δικαιωθήσεται . . . πᾶσα σάρξ, etc.) Usually, in such cases, כל (or its genitive) is without the article, being left purposely indefinite: in Sl 49,18 (2 b a) הַכֹּל is emphatic (in 4 Mos 23,13 וְכֻלּוֺ לֹא תִרְאֶה the context shews that כֹּל is opposed to a part). feminine very anomalously, severed from its genitive, 2 Sam 1,9 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נַפְשִׁי בִי, Job 27,3 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נִשְׁמָתִי בִי, Hos 14,3 (si vera lectio) כָּלתִּֿשָּׂא עָוֺן. On Praed 5,15 ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּתשֶֿׂ see עֻמָּה.

2. Absolutely:
\ \ a. without the article, all things, all (mostly neuter, but sometimes masculine), the sense in which 'all' is to be taken being gathered from the context, 1 Mos 9,3 נתתי לכם את כֹּל, 1 Mos 16,12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֺ, 1 Mos 20,16 ואת כֹּל ונוכחת, 1 Mos 33,11 וכי ישׁ לי כֹל, 4 Mos 8,16 בכור כֹּל מבני ישׂראל, 4 Mos 11,6 אֵין כֹּל nought of all things ! = there is nothing (so 2 Sam 12,3; Ord 13,7, compare 2 Kong 4,2), 2 Kong 13,2 כֹּ֖ל נשׂיא בהם (compare 2 Sam 23,28; 1 Kron 3,9: usually so הַכֹּל), 5 Mos 28,47 מֵרֹב כֹּל, v5 Mos 28,48 v5 Mos 28,37 בְּחֹסֶר כֹּל (compare Jer 44,18), Es 30,5 כֹּל הֹבִאישׁ all exhibit shame, Es 44,24 עשֶֹׁהכֹּֿל ׳י, Jer 44,12 וְתַמּוּ כֹל (unusual), Sef 1,2; Sl 8,7; Sl 74,3 (read כֹּל הֵרַע), Sl 145,15 עיני כֹל, Ord 16,4; Ord 26,10; Ord 28,5; Job 13,1 הן כֹּל ראתה עיני, Job 42,2; 1 Kron 29,11b 2 Kron 32,22 (masculine), Dan 11,37 (see also 1 c end); מִכֹּל 1 Mos 6,19; 1 Mos 6,20b שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל, 1 Mos 14,20; 1 Mos 27,33; Jer 17,9 עקוב הלב מִכֹּל, Dan 11,2 (masculine) After a negative = anything, 5 Mos 4,25 תְּמוּנַת כֹּל the likeness of anything, 5 Mos 8,9; 5 Mos 28,55; Ord 30,30. In the genitive also, very rarely, to express the idea of all as comprehensively as possible: Ezk 44,30 כָּלבִּֿכּוּרֵי כֹל וְכָלתְּֿרוּמַת כֹּל; Sl 119,128 (si vera lectio) כָּלפִּֿקּוּדֵי כֹל all the statutes about everthing.
\ \ b. with art. הַכֹּל:
\ \ \ (a) where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned, 2 Mos 29,24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל ביד אהרן, 3 Mos 1,9 והקטיר הכהן את הַכֹּל, v3 Mos 1,13; 3 Mos 8,27; 5 Mos 2,36 לפנינו ׳את הַכֹּל נתן י, Jos 11,19 (compare 2 Sam 19,31; 1 Kong 14,26 = 2 Kron 12,9), 2 Kron 21,43 הַכֹּל בָּא (compare 2 Kron 23,14), 1 Sam 30,19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד, 2 Sam 17,3 (corrupt: see ᵐ5 Dr), 2 Sam 24,23 (1 Kron 21,23), 1 Kong 6,18 הַכֹּל ארז (compare 1 Kong 7,33; 2 Kong 25,17 = Jer 52,22), 2 Kong 24,16 הַכֹּל גבורים, Es 65,8 לבלתי השׁחית הַכֹּל, Sl 14,3 or implied, 1 Mos 16,12 יָדוֺ בַכֹּל, 1 Mos 24,1 ברך את אברהם בַּכֹּל 2 Sam 23,5 (poetry) עֲרֻכָה בַכֹּל, Es 29,11 (peculiarly) חָזוּת הַכֹּל the vision of the whole, Jer 13,7; Jer 13,10 לא יצלח לַכֹּל, Ezk 7,14 וְהָכִין הַכֹּל (but Co וְהָכִינוּ הָכֵן), Sl 49,18 לא במותו יקח הַכֹּל: more frequently later, namely 1 Kron 7,5 (as regards all), 1 Kron 28,19; 1 Kron 29,19; 2 Kron 28,6; 2 Kron 29,28; 2 Kron 31,5; 2 Kron 35,7; 2 Kron 36,17; 2 Kron 36,18; Ezr 1,11; Ezr 2,42; Ezr 8,34; Ezr 8,35; Ezr 10,17 (וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל: see BeRy), Praed 5,8 (בַּכֹּל, apparently = in all respects), Praed 10,19; Praed 12,13.
\ \ \ (b) in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe (τὸ πᾶν), or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late), Jer 10,16 = Jer 51,19 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא, Sl 103,19 (compare 1 Kron 29,12), 1 Kron 119,21 הַכֹּל עֲבָדֶיךָ, 1 Kron 145,9 לַכֹּל ׳טוֺב י, 1 Kron 29,12; 1 Kron 29,14; 1 Kron 29,16; Dan 11,2, and especially in Ecclesiastes, as Praed 1,2; Praed 1,14; Praed 2,11; Praed 2,17; Praed 3,19; Praed 12,8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל, Praed 2,16 הכל נשׁכח, Praed 3,1 לַכֹּל זְמָן, vPraed 3,11 vPraed 3,19 vPraed 3,20; Praed 6,6; Praed 7,15; Praed 9,1; Praed 9,2 (twice in verse); Praed 9,3; Praed 10,3; Praed 10,19; Praed 11,5. כַּכֹּל, Job 24,24 (si vera lectio) כַּכֹּל יִקָָּֽפְצוּן like all men (i.e. like men in general).