עֹלָה

I. עֹלָה₂₈₆ noun feminine whole burnt-offering (that which goes up ( √ 6) to heaven (al. on altar)); — ׳ע 1 Mos 22,3 + 141 t.; עוֺלָה 4 Mos 28,37 + 33 t.; construct עֹלַת 2 Mos 29,42 + 27 t., עוֺלַת 4 Mos 28,24 + 2 t.; suffix עוֺלָֽתְךּ Sl 20,4, etc.; plural עֹלוֺת Jos 8,31 + 42 t., עֹלֹת 1 Mos 8,20 + 3 t.; עוֺלֹת 5 Mos 27,6, עוֺלוֺת Amos 5,22 +; suffix עֹלוֺתֵיבֶם Jer 6,20 +, etc.; — the whole burnt-offering (beast or fowl) is entirely consumed and goes up i the flame of the altar to God expressing the ascent of the soul in worship. All of the victim is laid on the altar except the hide and such parts as could not be washed clean. If beast the ׳ע must be a male without blemish 3 Mos 1,3; 3 Mos 1,10; 3 Mos 22,18; 3 Mos 22,19, of herd or flock; if of flock, either sheep or goad; if fowl, either turtle-dove or young pigeon 3 Mos 1,14, the latter usually offered by the poor 3 Mos 5,7; 3 Mos 12,8; 3 Mos 14,22; 3 Mos 15,14; 3 Mos 15,15; 3 Mos 15,29; 3 Mos 15,30; 4 Mos 6,10; 4 Mos 6,11. A lamb was offered by individuals 3 Mos 12,6; 4 Mos 6,14, and by the nation at the עֹמֶר offering 3 Mos 23,12, and daily at the עֹלַת הַכֹּקֶר 3 Mos 9,17; 4 Mos 28,23; 2 Kong 16,15; Ezk 46,13, and at morning and evening עלח תמיד 4 Mos 28,3, (הַ)תָּמִיד עֹלַת 2 Mos 29,42; 4 Mos 28,6; 4 Mos 28,10; 4 Mos 28,15; 4 Mos 28,23; 4 Mos 28,24; 4 Mos 28,31; 4 Mos 29,6; 4 Mos 29,11; 4 Mos 29,16; 4 Mos 29,19; 4 Mos 29,22; 4 Mos 29,25; 4 Mos 29,28; 4 Mos 29,31; 4 Mos 29,34; 4 Mos 29,38; Ezr 3,5 Neh Neh 10,34; Ezk 46,13. These were doubled at the עֹלַת שַׁכָּת 4 Mos 28,10. A ram was offered by Aaron and his sons 2 Mos 29,28; 3 Mos 8,18; 3 Mos 9,2; 3 Mos 16,3; 3 Mos 16,5 but a young bullock was of greater value 4 Mos 15,8; 4 Mos 15,24; 2 Sam 24,22 = 1 Kron 21,23, at consecration of Levites 4 Mos 8,12, socalves Mik 6,6 on great occasions bullocks + rams 4 Mos 23,1–6; 4 Mos 23,14; 4 Mos 23,15, bullocks + rams + lambs Es 1,11 one of each kind offered by tribal chiefs 4 Mos 7,15; 4 Mos 7,21; 4 Mos 7,27; 4 Mos 7,33; 4 Mos 7,39; 4 Mos 7,45; 4 Mos 7,51; 4 Mos 7,57; 4 Mos 7,63; 4 Mos 7,69; 4 Mos 7,75; 4 Mos 7,81; 4 Mos 7,87. In ritual of עֹלַת (ה)חֹדֶשׁ 4 Mos 28,14; 4 Mos 29,6 and at מצּות and Pentecost 2 bullocks, 1 ram, and 7 lambs were added to daily offering 4 Mos 28,11; 4 Mos 28,19; 4 Mos 28,27 at offering of new bread at Pentecost 1 bullock, 2 rams, and 7 lambs 3 Mos 23,18 on the 1st and 10th of the 7th month and at עצרת 1 bullock, 1 ram, and 7 lambs, in addition to the offerings of new moon 4 Mos 29,2; 4 Mos 29,8; 4 Mos 29,36 the system culminated in 70 bullocks, 14 rams, 98 lambs for the 7 days of Tabernacles 4 Mos 29,13 ff. Acc to Ezek. the prince was to offer on each of 7 days of מצות 7 bullocks and 7 rams Ezk 45,23, and on Sabbath 6 lambs and 1 ram Ezk 46,4. At the reconsecration of temple 70 bullocks, 100 rams, and 200 lambs were offered 2 Kron 29,32, and at the return of exiles 12 bullocks, 96 rams, and 77 lambs Ezr 8,35. In early times whole burnt-offerings of children were sometimes made, e.g. Jephthah's daughter Dom 11,31 Isaac proposed as, 1 Mos 22,2 but ram substituted v1 Mos 22,13 made to other gods 2 Kong 3,27; Jer 19,5 +. The ׳ע was anciently made on any altar used for worship, but in P confined to מִזְבַּח הָעֹלָה 2 Mos 30,28; 2 Mos 31,9; 2 Mos 35,16; 2 Mos 38,1; 2 Mos 40,6; 2 Mos 40,10; 2 Mos 40,29; 3 Mos 4,7; 3 Mos 4,10; 3 Mos 4,18; 3 Mos 4,25 (twice in verse); 3 Mos 4,30; 3 Mos 4,34; 1 Kron 6,40; 1 Kron 21,26; 1 Kron 21,29; 1 Kron 2,18 (not in other literature); מזבח לעלה Jos 22,29; 1 Kron 22,1. The offerer imposed his hands on head of animal, then slaughtered it 3 Mos 1,4; 3 Mos 1,5 ׳שׁחט ע 3 Mos 4,24; 3 Mos 4,33; 3 Mos 6,8; 3 Mos 7,2; 3 Mos 9,12; 3 Mos 14,13; 3 Mos 14,19; 3 Mos 14,31; Ezk 40,39; Ezk 40,42; Ezk 44,11, and flayed it ׳הַפְשִׁיט ע 3 Mos 1,6; 2 Kron 29,34. The priest washed the pieces Ezk 40,38 arranged them on the altar above the wood 3 Mos 6,5 the fire devoured them v3 Mos 6,2–6; 3 Mos 9,24; 1 Kong 18,38; 2 Kron 7,1, they went up in the flame (ל) ריח ניחח ליהוה 3 Mos 1,9; 3 Mos 1,13; 3 Mos 1,17; 3 Mos 8,21; 4 Mos 28,13 לְרָצוֺן, according to character of offerer Es 56,7; Jer 6,20 see also Sl 20,4; Sl 40,7; Sl 51,18; 1 Sam 15,22.Phrases: ׳העלה ע 1 Mos 8,20; 2 Mos 32,6 (J) 2 Mos 24,5 (E) 2 Mos 30,9; 2 Mos 40,29; 3 Mos 14,20; 3 Mos 17,8 (P) 5 Mos 12,13; 5 Mos 12,14; 5 Mos 27,6; Jos 8,31; Jos 22,23; Dom 6,26; Dom 20,26; Dom 21,4; 1 Sam 6,14; 1 Sam 6,15; 1 Sam 7,9; 1 Sam 7,10; 1 Sam 10,8; 1 Sam 13,9; 1 Sam 13,10; 1 Sam 13,12; 2 Sam 6,17; 2 Sam 6,18; 2 Sam 24,24; 2 Sam 24,25; 1 Kong 3,4; 1 Kong 3,15; 1 Kong 9,25; 1 Kong 10,5; 2 Kong 3,27; 1 Kron 16,2; 1 Kron 16,40; 1 Kron 21,24; 1 Kron 21,26; 1 Kron 23,31; 1 Kron 29,21; 2 Kron 1,6; 2 Kron 8,12; 2 Kron 9,4; 2 Kron 23,18; 2 Kron 24,14; 2 Kron 29,7; 2 Kron 29,27; 2 Kron 35,14; 2 Kron 35,16; Ezr 3,2; Ezr 3,3; Ezr 3,6; Job 1,5; Job 42,8; Sl 66,15; Jer 14,12; Jer 33,18; Ezk 43,18; Ezk 43,24; Amos 5,22 (compare העלה 9); ׳זבח ע 2 Mos 20,24 (E); ׳עשׂה לע 3 Mos 23,12; 4 Mos 6,11; 4 Mos 15,24; 4 Mos 29,39 ׳עָשָׂה ע 3 Mos 5,10; 3 Mos 9,7; 3 Mos 9,22; 3 Mos 15,15; 3 Mos 15,30; 3 Mos 16,24 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 6,16; 4 Mos 8,12; 4 Mos 15,3; 4 Mos 15,8; 4 Mos 29,2; 5 Mos 12,27; Dom 13,16; 1 Kong 8,64; 2 Kong 5,17; 2 Kong 10,24; 2 Kong 10,25; 2 Kron 7,7; Ezk 43,27; Ezk 45,17; Ezk 45,23; Ezk 46,2; Ezk 46,12 (twice in verse); Ezk 46,13 ׳הִקְרִיב ע 3 Mos 7,8; 3 Mos 9,16; 3 Mos 10,19; 3 Mos 23,37; 4 Mos 28,3; 4 Mos 28,11; 4 Mos 28,19; 4 Mos 28,27; 4 Mos 29,8; 4 Mos 29,13; 4 Mos 29,36; 1 Kron 16,1; Ezr 8,35; Ezk 46,4 ׳הקריב לע 3 Mos 22,18; 4 Mos 6,14 ׳הביא ע 5 Mos 12,6; 5 Mos 12,11; 2 Kron 29,31; 2 Kron 29,32; 2 Kron 30,15; Es 43,23; Jer 17,26 ׳הקטְיר ע 2 Kong 16,13; 2 Kong 16,15; 2 Kron 13,11. — עֹלָתָה, עוֺלוֺת see also עַוְלָה below I. עוּל.