עַתָּה
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I GT 433 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
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עַתָּ֫ה435 (also Ezk 23,43; Sl 74,6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה 1 Mos 32,5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Köii. 260), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:
1. a. 1 Mos 12,19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, 1 Mos 22,12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so 2 Mos 18,11; Dom 17,13; 1 Kong 17,24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Sl 20,7), 1 Mos 26,22; 1 Mos 26,29; 1 Mos 27,36; 1 Mos 31,13; 1 Mos 31,28, etc., 2 Mos 5,5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as 1 Mos 32,11; Jos 14,11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Dom 11,8; 1 Kong 12,4; Es 1,21 ועתה מרצחים, Es 16,14; Hos 2,9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13,2, Job 30,1 +, or to future, as 4 Mos 24,17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Dom 8,6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1 Sam 2,16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all 4 Mos 22,38; Dom 8,2 = now at last 2 Sam 24,16; 1 Kong 19,4; 2 Kong 19,25; Hos 7,2; Jer 4,12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Es 9,6; Es 59,21; (see below), Sl 113,2; Sl 115,18; Sl 121,8; Sl 125,2; Sl 131,3.
\ \ b. of the imminent or impending future: 1 Mos 19,9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. 1 Mos 29,32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, v1 Mos 29,34; 2 Mos 6,1 עתה תראה, 4 Mos 11,23; 4 Mos 22,4; 2 Sam 20,6; Es 33,10 (Sl 12,6), Es 43,19; Es 49,19; Amos 6,7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Es 49,19; Mik 7,4; Mik 7,10; Dan 10,20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4,16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5,7; Hos 8,8; Hos 8,13 (Jer 14,10), Jer 10,2.
\ \ c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Es 29,22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, vb Hos 10,3; Mik 4,9; Mik 4,10; Mik 4,11; Mik 4,14; Mik 5,3.
\ \ d. describing a present state = as things are: 1 Sam 8,5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1 Sam 9,6; 1 Sam 13,12; 1 Sam 14,30; 1 Sam 25,7b; 1 Sam 27,1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2 Kong 18,20; 2 Kong 18,25; Job 6,21; Job 14,16; Job 16,7.
\ \ e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, 1 Mos 31,13 עתה קים צא, 2 Mos 18,19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, 4 Mos 22,11; 5 Mos 2,13; 1 Sam 30,8.
\ \ b. of the imminent or impending future: 1 Mos 19,9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. 1 Mos 29,32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, v1 Mos 29,34; 2 Mos 6,1 עתה תראה, 4 Mos 11,23; 4 Mos 22,4; 2 Sam 20,6; Es 33,10 (Sl 12,6), Es 43,19; Es 49,19; Amos 6,7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Es 49,19; Mik 7,4; Mik 7,10; Dan 10,20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4,16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5,7; Hos 8,8; Hos 8,13 (Jer 14,10), Jer 10,2.
\ \ c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Es 29,22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, vb Hos 10,3; Mik 4,9; Mik 4,10; Mik 4,11; Mik 4,14; Mik 5,3.
\ \ d. describing a present state = as things are: 1 Sam 8,5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1 Sam 9,6; 1 Sam 13,12; 1 Sam 14,30; 1 Sam 25,7b; 1 Sam 27,1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2 Kong 18,20; 2 Kong 18,25; Job 6,21; Job 14,16; Job 16,7.
\ \ e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, 1 Mos 31,13 עתה קים צא, 2 Mos 18,19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, 4 Mos 22,11; 5 Mos 2,13; 1 Sam 30,8.
2. Phrases:
\ \ a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1 Kong 17,24; 2 Kong 5,22.
\ \ b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: 1 Mos 3,22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., 1 Mos 20,7; 1 Mos 20,23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, 1 Mos 27,3; 1 Mos 27,8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, 1 Mos 30,30; 1 Mos 31,16; 1 Mos 31,44; 1 Mos 37,20 + often, Es 5,3; Es 5,5; Sl 2,10; 1 Mos 11,6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, 1 Mos 31,30; 1 Mos 45,8; 2 Sam 19,11; Sl 39,8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Es 52,5,
\ \ c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, 2 Mos 3,9; Jos 14,10 (twice in verse); 1 Sam 12,2; 1 Sam 24,21; 1 Kong 1,18; Jer 40,4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
\ \ d. גם עתה 1 Mos 44,10; 1 Sam 12,16; 1 Kong 14,14; Joel 2,12; Job 16,19.
\ \ e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3,4; Es 48,6; Dan 10,17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2 Kron 16,9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, 1 Mos 32,5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, 5 Mos 12,9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2 Kong 13,23 especially after clause with מִן, 2 Kong 46,34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2 Sam 19,8; Ezk 4,14), 2 Mos 9,18; 2 Kong 8,6; Rut 2,7.
\ \ g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr§ 141, 142); (a) 2 Mos 9,15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in v2 Mos 9,14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., 4 Mos 22,29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1 Sam 13,13; Job 3,13 followed by imperfect Job 6,3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6,2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13,19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then 1 Mos 31,42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezk 16,57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezk 27,34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1,2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1 Kong 1,20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1 Kong 1,18b 2 Sam 18,3.
\ \ a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1 Kong 17,24; 2 Kong 5,22.
\ \ b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: 1 Mos 3,22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., 1 Mos 20,7; 1 Mos 20,23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, 1 Mos 27,3; 1 Mos 27,8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, 1 Mos 30,30; 1 Mos 31,16; 1 Mos 31,44; 1 Mos 37,20 + often, Es 5,3; Es 5,5; Sl 2,10; 1 Mos 11,6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, 1 Mos 31,30; 1 Mos 45,8; 2 Sam 19,11; Sl 39,8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Es 52,5,
\ \ c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, 2 Mos 3,9; Jos 14,10 (twice in verse); 1 Sam 12,2; 1 Sam 24,21; 1 Kong 1,18; Jer 40,4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
\ \ d. גם עתה 1 Mos 44,10; 1 Sam 12,16; 1 Kong 14,14; Joel 2,12; Job 16,19.
\ \ e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3,4; Es 48,6; Dan 10,17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2 Kron 16,9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, 1 Mos 32,5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, 5 Mos 12,9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2 Kong 13,23 especially after clause with מִן, 2 Kong 46,34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2 Sam 19,8; Ezk 4,14), 2 Mos 9,18; 2 Kong 8,6; Rut 2,7.
\ \ g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr§ 141, 142); (a) 2 Mos 9,15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in v2 Mos 9,14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., 4 Mos 22,29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1 Sam 13,13; Job 3,13 followed by imperfect Job 6,3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6,2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13,19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then 1 Mos 31,42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezk 16,57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezk 27,34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1,2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1 Kong 1,20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1 Kong 1,18b 2 Sam 18,3.
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Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.