עָזַב

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע 1 Mos 24,27 +, suffix עֲזָבַנִי Es 49,14; Sl 38,11 3 feminine singular עָזָ֑בָה Ezk 23,8 1 singular suffix עֲזַבְתִּיךְ Es 54,7 2 feminine plural עֲזַבְתֶּן 2 Mos 2,20, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲזֹב Es 55,7 +, יַעֲזָבֿ 1 Mos 2,24, suffix 1 singular וַיַּעַזְבֵנִי 1 Sam 30,13, etc.; Imperative עֲזֹב Sl 37,8, עָזְבָה Jer 49,11, עִזְבוּ Jer 48,28; Ord 9,6, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָזוֺב Jer 14,5, עָזֹב 2 Mos 23,5 construct עֲזֹב 1 Mos 44,22 +, suffix עָזְבֵךְ Jer 2,17 +, etc.; Participle active עֹזֵב Ord 10,17 +, construct עֹזְבִי (Ges^{«GKC:90l»§ 90l}); feminine construct עֹזֶבֶת Ord 2,17 etc.; passive עָזוּב 5 Mos 32,26 +, etc.; —

1. leave, with accusative (on order of meanings compare Nö^{ZMG. xl (1886). 726}):
\ \ a. = depart from, accusative of person 1 Mos 44,22 (twice in verse) (J), 2 Kong 2,2; 2 Kong 2,4; 2 Kong 2,6; 2 Kong 4,30; 4 Mos 10,31 (P), Rut 1,16; Jer 9,1 (|| הָלַךְ מֵאֵת); accusative of location 1 Kong 8,6; Jer 25,28 (׳י as lion leaving lair); with מִן local intransitive (strangely) Jer 18,14 (of snow).
\ \ b. leave behind, accusative of person 2 Mos 2,20 (J), 2 Sam 15,16 (+ infinitive), Ezk 24,21 accusative of thing + בְּיַד 1 Mos 39,12; 1 Mos 39,13, + אֶצְלִי v1 Mos 39,15 v1 Mos 39,18 (all J); + ב location 1 Mos 50,8 (J); accusative of person and thing 2 Mos 9,21 (J).
\ \ c. leave in the presence of (לִפְנֵי) 1 Kron 16,37 (ל of accusative, compare ל 3 b above), 2 Kron 28,14.
\ \ d. leave in safety, וְאָ֫נָה חַעַזְבוּ כְּבוֺדְכֶם Es 10,3.
\ \ e. leave in a given condition, situation, אֹתוֺ בְמַחֲלֻיִים ׳ע 2 Kron 24,25 they left him in great suffering; with adverb accusative Ezk 23,29 a city פְּתוּחָה Jos 8,17. feminine leave undisturbed, let alone Rut 2,16.
\ \ g. leave unexercised, 1 Mos 24,27 pregnantly he hath not left his kindness and his faithfulness from (being) with (מֵעִם) my master; so חַסְדּוֺ אֶתֿ ׳ע Rut 2,20 (both of ׳י); חֵמָה ׳ע Sl 37,8 (|| הֶרֶף מֵאַף).
\ \ h. leave in the hand of, entrust to, accusative of thing + בְּיַד 1 Mos 39,6 (J), + אֶלֿ Job 39,11 (|| בָּטַח בְּ), + עַלֿ Sl 10,14 (accusative omitted, his cause). — So also possibly (with לְ) Neh 3,34 (reading לֵאלֹהִים for ᵑ0 לָהֶם), but text probably otherwise corrupt.
\ \ i. leave to (ל) one (unaided), וְחָדַלְתָּ֫ מֵעֲזֹב לוֺ 2 Mos 23,5 a (E) thou shalt refrain from leaving it (that is, the affair) to him; compare תַּעֲזֹב לָאָרֶץ בֵּיצֶיהָ Job 39,14 (of ostrich).
\ \ j. leave over, remaining, accusative of person Jos 2,21 (JE); accusative of thing + לְ person 3 Mos 19,10; 3 Mos 23,22 (H), Mal 3,19.
\ \ k. leave = have nothing to do with Ord 9,6.

2. leave, abandon, forsake:
\ \ a. abandon, accusative of thing: (1) land, house, city, tent, etc., 1 Sam 31,7 = 1 Kron 10,7; 2 Kong 7,7; Jer 9,18; Jer 48,28; Jer 51,9; Jer 2,14; (+ מִפְּנֵי of enemy); passive participle of cities vEs 17,2; Jer 4,29; Sef 2,4, compare עֲזוּבָה Es 17,9 participle = substantive = deserted region. (2) oxen 1 Kong 19,20, idol-images (+ שָׁם) 2 Sam 5,21 = 1 Kron 14,12, flock Zak 11,17 passive participle of eggs Es 10,14.
\ \ b. forsake, (1) human subject and object: 1 Mos 2,24 (J; a man his parents), 1 Sam 30,13; Jos 22,3 (D), Jer 49,11; Sl 27,10 (parent a child), Ord 2,17 (wife her husband, אַלוּף), compare עֲזוּבָה אִשָּׁה Es 54,6, and ׳ע of personified Zion Es 60,15; Es 62,4. (2) an animal its young Jer 14,5 (object om).
\ \ c. = neglect, Levite 5 Mos 12,19; 5 Mos 14,27, poor Job 20,19.
\ \ d. especially (1) figurative of forsaking God (׳י), apostatizing, Dom 10,10; 5 Mos 28,20; 5 Mos 31,16; Jer 1,16 + 38 t. (often Jeremiah and later); + Jon 2,9 (object חַסְדָּם, i.e. God, see חֶסֶד II); with ל + infinitive only עָֽזְבוּ לִשְׁמֹר ׳אֶתיֿ Hos 4,10 (Oort We Now doubt לִשְׁמֹר). (2) object ׳י's law, commands, covenant, etc., 5 Mos 29,24; 1 Kong 19,10; 1 Kong 19,14 + 14 t.; house of ׳י 2 Kron 24,18; Neh 10,40. (3) forsake, fail to follow, obey advice, instruction, wisdom, reproof: 1 Kong 12,8; 1 Kong 12,13 = 2 Kron 10,8; 2 Kron 10,13; Ord 2,13; Ord 4,2; Ord 4,6; Ord 10,17; Ord 15,10; Ord 27,10. (4) but also of forsaking idols Ezk 20,8, sins of various kinds Ezk 23,8; Es 55,7; Ord 28,13 (object omitted; + מוֺדֶה confess); הַמַּשָּׁא usury Neh 5,10.
\ \ e. of God's forsaking, abandoning men: 5 Mos 31,17; Es 42,16; Es 49,14; Es 54,7; 2 Kron 12,5; Ezr 9,9; Sl 9,11; Sl 22,2 + 8 t. Psalms; + בְּיַד Neh 9,28; Sl 37,33; Sl 16,10 thou wilt not abandon my soul לִשְׁאוֺל; of temporary abandonment 2 Kron 32,31 (+ infinitive of purpose); etc. (34 t. in all); + Jer 12,7 (׳י abandoning his house). feminine of God's leaving, i.e. ceasing to regard, the earth, thus giving impunity to crime, Ezk 8,12; Ezk 9,9.
\ \ g. of strength (כֹּחַ) forsaking one Sl 38,11, courage (לֵב) Sl 40,13, kindness and faithfulness (חֶסֶד וֶאֱמֶת) Ord 3,3.

3. let loose, set free, let go עִמּוֺ עָזֹב תַּעֲזֹב 2 Mos 23,5b (E) thou shalt by all means free it (that is, the beast) with him, (aid him to set it free; on sense, compare 5 Mos 22,4 DHM below II. עזב); עָצוּר וְעָזוּב shut up and freed, proverb. phrase, = all classes of people 5 Mos 32,36; 1 Kong 14,10; 1 Kong 21,21; 2 Kong 9,8; 2 Kong 14,26 (exact meaning dubious; probably either = bond and free, or [see RS^{Sem i. 437, 2nd ed. 456}] under taboo and free from it); let go Job 20,13 (c, accusative of wickedness as morsel in mouth); let loose my complaint Job 10,1 (עָלַי apud me, compare עַל II 1 d); אֶעֶזְבָה פָנַי Job 9,27 I will loosen, relax, my face, (compare Thes De Me Stu Di Buhl^Lex Bu; > abandon my [gloomy] countenance AV RV SS Bae^Kau Du). Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נֶעֱזַב Neh 13,11 3 feminine singular נֶעֱזָבָ֫ה Es 62,12 Imperfect 3 feminine singular תֵּעָזֵב Es 7,16; 3 Mos 26,43, תֵּעָ֣זַב Job 18,4 3 masculine plural יֵעָֽזְבוּ Es 18,6 Participle נֶעֱזָב Es 27,10; Sl 37,25 feminine plural נֶעֱזָבוֺת Ezk 36,4 —

1. be left to (לְ), i.e. to the possession of, Es 18,6.

2. be forsaken, of house of God Neh 13,11, a city Ezk 36,4; Es 27,10 (|| מְשֻׁלָּח), Es 62,12 the earth Job 18,4, land Es 7,16; 3 Mos 26,43 (+ מִן of exiles); of man Sl 37,25. Pu`al (or Qal passive, see Ges^{«GKC:52e»§ 52e}) be deserted, of city: Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲמוֺן עִיר עֻזָּב֫ Es 32,14 (|| נֻטָּ֔שׁ); 3 feminine singular עֻזְּבָה Jer 49,25.