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אָב

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Engelsk father

I GT 1231 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)

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אָב1191 noun masculine father (Phoenician אב, Assyrian abu, Arabic , Sabean אב CISiv, 1, 37 1. 2 and others, Ethiopic Aramaic אַבָּא, — absolute אָב 1 Mos 44,19 + 47 t.; construct אַב 1 Mos 17,4; 1 Mos 17,5 (compare in אַבְרָהָם ib. & elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposed אֲבִר see אברהם); אֲבִי (compare Ge§§ 90, 3b, 96) 1 Mos 4,20 +; suffix אָבִי 1 Mos 19,34 + (MI אבי); אָבִיךָ 1 Mos 12,1 +; אָבִיו 1 Mos 2,24 +; אָבִ֫יהוּ Dom 14,10 + 6t.; plural אָבוֺת 2 Mos 12,3 +; construct אֲבוֺת 2 Mos 6,25 + 7 t.; suffix אֲבוֺתַי (אֲבֹתַי, אֲבוֺתָ֑י) 1 Mos 47,9 + 15 t.; אֲבוֺתֵיהֶם 1 Kron 4,38 + 32 t. (late); אֲבוֺתָם 2 Mos 4,5 + 106 t. etc.; —

1. father of individual 1 Mos 2,24 (+ אֵם) 1 Mos 11,28; 1 Mos 11,29 (twice in verse); 1 Mos 19,31; 1 Mos 19,32; 1 Mos 19,33, + often (mostly J E D); of father as commanding 1 Mos 50,16 (J) Jer 35,6 f Ord 6,20 (compare 1 Mos 18,19 J 1 Mos 28,1; 1 Mos 28,6 P 1 Sam 17,20; 1 Kong 2,1); instructing מוסר Ord 1,8; Ord 4,1 (compare 5 Mos 8,5); specifically as begetter, genitor Ord 23,22; Zak 13,3 (twice in verse) (+ אֵם) Es 45,10 compare 1 Mos 49,4 (J) 3 Mos 18,7; 3 Mos 18,8; 3 Mos 18,11 (P); rebuking 1 Mos 37,10 loving 1 Mos 37,4; 1 Mos 44,20 (J E; compare 1 Mos 22,2; 1 Mos 25,28; 1 Mos 37,3; 2 Sam 14,1); pitying Sl 103,13 (in simile compare 2 Sam 18,5); blessing 1 Mos 27,41 (J E compare 1 Mos 27,4 also 1 Mos 28,1 P +); as glad Ord 10,1; Ord 15,20 compare Ord 29,3 grieving 1 Mos 37,35 (J E; compare 2 Sam 12,22; 2 Sam 19,1; 2 Sam 19,2 f) etc. Also as object of honour, obedience, love 2 Mos 20,12 (E) = 5 Mos 5,16; 2 Mos 21,15; 2 Mos 21,17 (E) 5 Mos 21,18; 5 Mos 21,19; 1 Mos 28,7 (P) 1 Kong 19,20 (all + אֵם), 1 Kong 50,1; 1 Kong 50,5 (J) Mal 1,6 etc. Hence metaphor of intimate connection Job 17,14 to corruption I cry, My father art thou (|| אִמִּי וַאֲחֹתִי לָֽרִמָּה).
2. of God as father of his people (see RSSem 42), who constituted, controls, guides and lovingly watches over it: 5 Mos 32,6; Jer 3,4; Jer 3,19; Jer 31,9; Es 63,16 (twice in verse); Es 64,7; Mal 1,6; Mal 2,10 (compare 2 Mos 4,22; 2 Mos 19,4 (JE) 5 Mos 32,11; Hos 11,1); compare Jer 2,27 (of idolatrous Israel) אֹמְרִים לָעֵץ אָבִי אַתָּה וְלָאֶבֶן אַתְּ ילדתני׃; especially God as father of Davidic line 2 Sam 7,14; Sl 89,27 f. of needy (late) Sl 68,6 (compare Sl 103,13) (in proper name, f. of individual, compare below)
3. head of household, family or clan; בֵּית אָבִי as abode 1 Mos 38,11 (twice in verse); 3 Mos 22,13 +; = family 1 Mos 24,40 (|| מִשְׁפַּחְתִּי) 1 Mos 41,51; 1 Mos 46,31 + compare 4 Mos 18,1; 4 Mos 18,2; Jos 2,12; Jos 2,18; Jos 6,25 especially techn. of divisions of Israel בֵּית אָב לְמִשְׁפָּחוֺת 4 Mos 3,30; 4 Mos 3,35 = a father's house, i.e. a family or clan; more often plural (אבותם, אבותיו) בֵית אָבוֺת = father's houses = families, clans (compare Di on 2 Mos 6,14) 2 Mos 6,14; 2 Mos 12,3; 4 Mos 1,2; 4 Mos 1,18 ff (often in Numbers) Jos 14,1; Jos 19,51; Jos 21,1 (twice in verse); Jos 22,14 (twice in verse) (always P in Hexateuch); also 1 Kron 5,13; 1 Kron 5,15 + often in Chronicles; compare רָאשֵׁי אבות הלוים (= ׳בית א ׳ר) 2 Mos 6,25 compare 1 Kong 8,1; 1 Kron 6,4; 1 Kron 7,11 + often Chronicles Ezra Nehemiah.
4. ancestor (a) of individual; grandfather (instead of precise term) 1 Mos 28,13; 1 Mos 32,10 (J; where used by Jacob of Abraham & then of Isaac); greatgrandfather 1 Kong 15,13 great-greatgrandfather 1 Kong 15,11 etc.; oft plural (= fathers, forefathers) 1 Mos 15,15; 1 Mos 46,34 (JE) 1 Kong 19,4; 1 Kong 21,3; 1 Kong 21,4; 2 Kong 19,12; 2 Kong 20,17 +; particularly שׁכב עם אבותיו 1 Kong 1,21; 1 Kong 2,10; 1 Kong 11,21; 1 Kong 22,40 +; joined with ׳ויקבר עם אב 1 Kong 14,31; 1 Kong 15,24; 1 Kong 22,51; 2 Kong 8,24; 2 Kong 15,38 compare v2 Kong 15,7, 2 Kong 16,20 + (all of kings of Judah); intensive, אֲבֹתֶיךָ וַאֲבוֺת אֲבֹתֶיךָ 2 Mos 10,6 compare Dan 11,24 (b) of people 1 Mos 10,21 (J) 1 Mos 17,4; 1 Mos 17,5 (P) 1 Mos 19,37; 1 Mos 19,38 (J) 1 Mos 36,9; 1 Mos 36,43 (P) 5 Mos 26,5; Es 51,2; Es 43,27 (where אביך הראשׁון thy first father, see Che) compare also Ezk 16,3; Ezk 16,45 + often; plural 2 Mos 3,13; 2 Mos 3,15; 2 Mos 3,16 (E) 5 Mos 1,8; Jos 1,6; Dom 2,1; 1 Sam 12,6 +; 1 Sam 12,15 near the end read וּבְמַלְכְּכֶם ᵐ5 We Dr.
5. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art 1 Mos 4,20; 1 Mos 4,21.
6. figurative of producer, generator Job 38,28 הֲיֵשׁ לַמָּטָר אָ֑ב (|| הוֺלִיד אֶגְלֵיטָֽֿל׃ מִיֿ).
7. figurative of benevolence & protection Job 29,6 אָב אָֽנֹכִי לָֽאֶבְיוֺנִים, compare Job 31,18 of Eliakim Es 22,21 perhaps also of gracious Messianic king אֲבִי עַד Es 9,5 everlasting father (Ge Ew De Che Brd Di) — others divider of spoil (Abarb Hi Kn Kue BrMP).
8. term of respect & honour (Abbas, Pater, Papa, Pope); applied to master 2 Kong 5,13 priest Dom 17,10; Dom 18,19 prophet 2 Kong 2,12 (twice in verse); 2 Kong 6,21; 2 Kong 13,14 (twice in verse); compare 2 Kong 8,9 counsellor 1 Mos 45,8 (E; compare δευτέρου πατρός ᵐ5 add. Est 3,13 τῷ πατρί 1 Mac Est 11,32); king 1 Sam 24,12 artificer 2 Kron 2,12; 2 Kron 4,16.
9. specifically, ruler, chief (late) 1 Kron 2,24; 1 Kron 2,42 (twice in verse); etc. (compare Ew§ 273 b) see also EwGeschichte. i. 524. H i. 365. On the force of אָב in proper names (in many probably a divine title), see CheEncy. Bib., ABI, NAMES WITH Nöib., NAMES, §§ 44, 45.

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1 Mos 170 2 Mos 22 3 Mos 19 4 Mos 75 5 Mos 65 Jos 29 Dom 52 Rut 2 1 Sam 48 2 Sam 24 1 Kong 80 2 Kong 59 1 Kron 87 2 Kron 110 Ezr 15 Neh 20 Est 2 Job 11 Sl 19 Ord 26 Hoj 1 Es 20 Jer 62 Klg 2 Ezk 25 Dan 14 Hos 1 Joel 1 Amos 2 Mik 2 Zak 6 Mal 4
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Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.