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אֲשֶׁר

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אֲשֶׁר particle of relation (Moabite id.; origin dubious:

1. according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171 MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n. StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167 HomZMG 1878, 708 ff. Müll§ 153 SayceHebraica. ii. 51 LagM. i. 255 & especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff, originally a substantive 'place' = footstep, mark, (do.), אֲתַר, place, Assyrian ašru, used (see Kraetz.) both as a substantive 'there, where,' and as a relative of place 'where': in Hebrew this development has advanced further, and it has become a relative sign generally. The chief objection to this explanation is that it would isolate Hebrew from the other Semitic languages, in which pronouns are formed regularly from demonstrative roots (compare also NöZMG 1886, 738).
2. according to PhiSt. C. 73 SperlingNota Rel. im Hebr. 1876, 15-22 for אֲשֶׁל, developed from the relative שׁ (q. v.) by (1) the prefixing of either a merely prosthetic א, or, better, a pronominal א (giving rise to אש, the form of the relative in Phoenician), and (2) the addition of the demonstrative root ל [found also in אֵל, אֵלָּה, הַלָּזֶה (q. v.), he who, who (plural)]: the main objection to this explanation is the change of ל to ר, which is hardly rendered probable by the compare of Syriac by side of ᵑ7 הָלְכָּא. 1 seems preferable, the primitive root having acquired different significations in the different Semitic languages, and having been weakened in Hebrew to a mere particle of relation). A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. As a rule אֲשֶׁר is a mere connecting link, and requires to be supplemented (see the grammars) by a pronominal affix, or other word, such as שָׁם, defining the nature of the relation more precisely: e.g. 1 Mos 1,11 אֲשֶׁר זַרֵעוֺבֿוֺ literally as to which, its seed is in it = in which is its seed, Sl 1,4 like the chaff אֲשֶׁרתִּֿדְּפֶנּוּ רוּחַ as to which, the wind drives it = which the wind drives, etc.; & so אֲשֶׁרשָׁ֗֗֗ם = where, אֲשֶׁרמִ֗֗֗שָּׁם = whence, 1 Mos 2,11; 1 Mos 3,23; 1 Mos 20,13 etc. Sometimes also (see below) the relation expressed by it is specifically temporal, local causal, etc. More particularly

1. it includes its pronominal antecedent, whether in the nominative or oblique cases, as 4 Mos 22,6 וַאֲשֶׁר תָּאֹר יוּאָר and he whom thou cursest is cursed, 2 Mos 4,12 and I will teach thee אֲשֶׁר תְּדַבֵּר that which thou shalt say; and with particles or prepositions, as אֵת אֲשֶׁר (according to the context) him who . . ., those who . . ., that which . . .; לַאֲשֶׁר to him who . . . 1 Mos 43,16, to those who . . . 1 Mos 47,24, to that which 1 Mos 27,8 מֵאֲשֶׁר Dom 16,30; 2 Sam 18,18 than those whom; 3 Mos 27,24 לַאֲשֶׁר קָנָהוּ מֵאִתּוֺ to him from whom he bought it, 4 Mos 5,7; Es 24,2 כַּאֲשֶׁר נשֶׁא בוֺ like him against whom there is a creditor.
2. instances of אֲשֶׁר followed by a pronominal affix, or by שָׁם, שָֽׁמָּה, מִשָּׁם, are so common that the examples cited above will be sufficient. Very rarely there occurs the anomalous construction עִם אֲשֶׁר 1 Mos 31,32 for אֲשֶׁר עִמּוֺ (see 1 Mos 44,9), בַּאֲשֶׁר Es 47,12 for אֲשֶׁר בָּהֶם, לַאֲשֶׁר for אֲשֶׁרלָ֗֗֗הֶם Ezk 23,40: Sl 119,49 see under על אשׁר. It is followed by the pronoun in the nominative, in the following cases: —
\ \ \ (a) immediately, mostly before an adjective or participle, 1 Mos 9,3 all moving things אֲשֶׁר הוּאחַֿי which are living, 3 Mos 11,26; 4 Mos 9,13; 4 Mos 14,8; 4 Mos 14,27; 4 Mos 35,31; 5 Mos 20,20; 1 Sam 10,19 (see Dr) 2 Kong 25,19 (|| Jer 52,25 היה) Jer 27,9; Ezk 43,19; Hag 1,9; Rut 4,15; Neh 2,18; Praed 7,26 before a verb 2 Kong 22,13 (omitted 2 Kron 34,21).
\ \ \ (b) in a negative sentence, at the end: 1 Mos 7,2; 1 Mos 17,12; 4 Mos 17,5; 5 Mos 17,15 אֲשֶׁר לֹא אָחִיךָ הוּא who is not thy brother, 5 Mos 20,15; Dom 19,12; 1 Kong 8,41 || 1 Kong 9,20 ||.
N.B. Sl 16,3 אֲשֶׁר בָּאָרֶץ הֵ֑מָּה is an unparalleled expression for 'who are in the land'; read ׳אֲשֶׁר בָּאָ֑רֶץ הֵמָּה אַדִּירֵי וג 'the saints that are in the land, they (המה) are the nobles, in whom,' etc.
3. sometimes (though rarely) the defining adjunct is a pronoun of 1 or 2 person as well as of 3 person. In such cases it is strictly to be rendered I who . . ., thou who, etc.; Hos 14,4 אֲשֶׁרבְּֿךָ יְרֻחַם יָתוֺם thou by whom the fatherless is compassionated ! Jer 31,32 I, whose covenant they brake, Jer 32,19; Es 49,23; Job 37,17f. thou whose garments are warm . . ., canst thou ? etc., Sl 71,19; Sl 71,20; Sl 144,12 we whose sons, etc., Sl 139,15 my frame was not hidden from thee, אֲ֯שֶׁרעֻֿשֵּׂיתִי בַסֵּתֶר I who was wrought in secret (= though I was wrought in secret), 2 Mos 14,13 for ye who have seen the Egyptians to-day, — ye shall not see them again for ever! (compare Sl 41,9).
4. the defining pron. adjunct is dispensed with —
\ \ a. when אֲשֶׁר represents the simple subject of a sentence, or the direct object of a verb: so constantly, as 1 Mos 2,1 the work אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה which he made, 1 Mos 3,3 the tree אֲשֶׁר בְּתוֺךְ הַגָּן which is in the midst of the garden, etc.
\ \ b. after words denoting time, place, or manner, so that אֲשֶׁר then becomes equivalent to when, where, why:
\ \ \ (a) 1 Mos 6,4 אַחֲרֵי כֵן אֲשֶׁר afterwards, when, etc. (compare 2 Kron 35,20) 1 Mos 45,6 there are still 5 years אֲשֶׁר אֵין חָרִישׁ when there shall be no plowing, Jos 14,10; 1 Kong 22,25 after יוֺם or הַיּוֺם 5 Mos 4,10; Dom 4,14; 1 Sam 24,5 (see Dr) 2 Sam 19,25; Jer 20,14 and elsewhere; similarly 1 Mos 40,13. (β) 1 Mos 35,13 בַּמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אִתּוֺ in the place where he spake with him, v1 Mos 35,14; 1 Mos 39,20; 4 Mos 13,27; 4 Mos 22,26; 5 Mos 1,31 in the desert which thou sawest, where (accents Ke Di), 5 Mos 8,15; 1 Kong 8,9 (unless לוּחוֺת הַבְּרִית has here fallen out: see ᵐ5 & 5 Mos 9,9) Es 55,11; Es 64,10; Sl 84,4. So (γ) in אֶל אֲשֶׁר to (the place) which (or whither) 2 Mos 32,34; Rut 1,16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר to every (place) whither Jos 1,16; Ord 17,8 בַּאֲשֶׁר in (the place) where Dom 5,27; Dom 17,8; Dom 17,9; 1 Sam 23,13; 2 Kong 8,1; Rut 1,16; Rut 1,17; Job 39,30, once only with שָׁם 1 Mos 21,17 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר wheresoever Jos 1,7; Jos 1,9; Dom 2,15; 1 Sam 14,47; 1 Sam 18,5; 2 Sam 7,7; 2 Kong 18,7 מֵאֲשֶׁר from (the place) where = whencesoever 2 Mos 5,11; Rut 2,9 עַלאֲֿשֶׁר to (the place) whither (or which) 2 Sam 15,20; 1 Kong 18,12 עַלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר Jer 1,7. (δ) זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ this is the reason that or why . . . Jos 5,4; 1 Kong 11,27.
\ \ c. more extreme instances 3 Mos 14,22; 3 Mos 14,30; 3 Mos 14,31; 4 Mos 6,21; 5 Mos 7,19 (wherewith), 5 Mos 28,20; 1 Sam 2,32 (wherein), 1 Kong 2,26; Dom 8,15 (about whom), Es 8,12 (where יאמר would be followed normally by לוֺ), Es 31,6 turn ye to (him as to) whom they have deeply rebelled, Es 47,15; Sef 3,11; Praed 3,9; 1 Kong 14,19 (= how).
\ \ d. it is dispensed with only in appearance after ׅ׳אֲשֶׁר אָמַר (אָמַרְתִּי וג followed by the words used, its place being really taken by a pronoun in the speech which follows, as 1 Mos 3,17 the tree as to which I commanded thee saying, Thou shalt not eat from it, 2 Mos 22,8; 5 Mos 28,68; Dom 7,4 (זֶה) Dom 8,15 (where the noun repeated takes the place of the pronoun, compare 5 Mos 9,2) 1 Sam 9,17 (זֶה):23 +; compare 2 Sam 11,16; 2 Kong 17,12; 2 Kong 21,4.
5. אֲשֶׁר sometimes in poetry = one who, a man who (men who), ὅστις, οἵτινες, Sl 24,4; Sl 55,20; Sl 95,4; Sl 95,5; Job 4,19; Job 5,5; Job 9,5 (Hi) Job 15,17.
6. אֲשֶׁר occasionally receives its closer definition by a substantive following it, in other words, its logical antecedent is inserted in the relative clause:
\ \ \ (a) in the phrase peculiar to Jeremiah, ׳אֶל יר ׳אֲשֶׁר הָיָה דְבַר י that which came (of) the word of ׳י to Jeremiah Jer 14,1; Jer 46,1; Jer 47,1; Jer 49,34 (compare Ew§ 334);
\ \ \ (b) 2 Mos 25,9; 4 Mos 33,4; 1 Sam 25,30; 2 Kong 8,12; 2 Kong 12,6 לְכֹל אֲשֶׁריִֿמָּצֵא שָׁם בָּֽדֶק׃ Ezk 12,25 compare the Ethiopic usage Di§ 201;
\ \ \ (c) (antecedant repeated) 1 Mos 49,30 = 1 Mos 50,13, 1 Sam 25,30 (׳י repeated), Es 54,9 (probably) as to which I sware that, etc., Amos 5,1 which I take up over you (as) a dirge.
7. ׳אֲשֶׁר ל that (belongs, belong, belonged) to, is used
\ \ a. either alone or preceded by כָּלֿ to express (all) that (belongs) to, as 1 Mos 14,23 מִכָּלאֲֿשֶׁרלְֿךָ of all that is thine, 1 Mos 31,1 מֵאֲשֶׁר לְאָבִינוּ of that which was our father's, 1 Mos 32,24 & sent over אֶתאֲֿשֶׁרלֿוֺ that which he had, + often
\ \ b. as a circumlocution of the genitive, as 1 Mos 29,9 עִםהַֿצּאֹן אֲשֶׁר לְאָבִיהָ with the sheep that were her father's, 1 Mos 40,5; 1 Mos 47,4; 3 Mos 9,8; Dom 6,11; 1 Sam 25,7 הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁרלְֿךָ, 2 Sam 14,31 אֶתהַֿחֶלְקָה אֲשֶׁרלִֿי, 2 Sam 23,8; 1 Kong 1,8; 1 Kong 1,33 עַל הַפִּרְדָּה אֲשֶׁרלִֿי upon mine own mule, v1 Kong 1,49; 1 Kong 4,2; 2 Kong 11,10; 2 Kong 16,13; Rut 2,21 and especially in the case of a compound expression depending on a single genitive, as 1 Mos 23,9; 1 Mos 40,5; 1 Mos 41,43 מִרְכֶּבֶת הַמִּשְׁנֶה אֲשֶׁרלֿוֺ the chariot of the second rank which he had, 2 Mos 38,30; Dom 3,20; Dom 6,25; 1 Sam 17,40; 1 Sam 21,8 אֲבִיר הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁר לְשָׁאוּל the mightiest of Saul's herdmen, 1 Sam 24,5 אֶתכְּֿנַףהַֿמְּעִיל אֲשֶׁרלְֿשָׁאוּל, 2 Sam 2,8 Saul's captain of the host, 1 Kong 10,28; 1 Kong 15,20; 1 Kong 22,31; Jer 52,17; Rut 4,3.
\ \ c. with names of places (especially such as do not readily admit the stative construct) Dom 18,28; Dom 19,14 הַגִּבְעָה אֲשֶׁר לְבִנְיָמִין Gibeah (the hill) of Benjamin, Dom 20,4; 1 Sam 17,1; 1 Kong 15,27; 1 Kong 16,15; 1 Kong 17,9; 1 Kong 19,3; 2 Kong 14,11. compare שֶׁל (q. v.) which in Rabb, like the Aramaic -דִּיל, , is in habitual use as a mark of the genitive. — N.B. In Aramaic also דּי, , without ל, expresses the genitive relation, as מִלְּתָא דִימַֿלְכָּא, literally the word, that of the king = the word of the king. The few apparent cases of a similar use of אשׁר are, however, too foreign to the general usage of the language to be regarded otherwise than as due to textual error: 1 Sam 13,8 read אֲשֶׁר אָמַר (or שָׂם 2 Mos 19,5) שְׁמוּאֵל (ᵐ5 εἶπε); 1 Kong 11,25 supply עָשָׂה (ᵐ5 ἣν ἐποίησεν); 2 Kong 25,10 supply אֵת with (as || Jer 52,14); 2 Kron 34,22 read וַאֲשֶׁר אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ (compare ᵐ5) and those whom the king appointed (abbreviated from 2 Kong 22,14); compare Ew§ 292 a, b with note.

8. אֲשֶׁר becomes, like Aramaic דּי, , a conjunction approximating in usage to כִּי: thus
\ \ a. = quod, ὅτι, that, subordinating an entire sentence to a verb of knowing, remembering, etc.
\ \ \ (a) with אֵת 5 Mos 9,7 forget not אֵת אֲשֶׁר הִקְצַפְתָּ the fact that (= how) thou provokedst, etc., 5 Mos 29,15; Jos 2,10; 1 Sam 24,11; 1 Sam 24,19; 2 Sam 11,20 know ye not אֵת אֲשֶׁריֹֿרוּ how they shoot from off the wall ? 2 Kong 8,12; Es 38,3 + often As subject (rare) 1 Kong 14,19; 2 Kong 14,15; 2 Kong 20,20. Of time (peculiarly) 2 Sam 14,15 עַתָּה אֲשֶׁר now (is it) that . . . Zak 8,20 (probably) yet (shall it be) that . . . vZak 8,23 compare כִּמְעַט שֶׁ Hoj 3,4. (β) without אֵת (not very common, כִּי being usually employed): after יָדַע 2 Mos 11,7; Ezk 20,26 (very strange in Ezekiel: see Hi) Job 9,5 (Ew De Di) Praed 8,12, רָאָה 5 Mos 1,31 (RV) 1 Sam 18,15, הִתְוַדָּה to confess 3 Mos 5,5; 3 Mos 26,40 b, הִשְׁבִּיעַ 1 Kong 22,16 (caused to swear that . . .); after a noun Es 38,7 הָאוֺת אֲשֶׁר the sign that . . . (|| 2 Kong 20,9 כִּי): with growing frequency in late Hebrew, 2 Kron 2,7, and especially Nehemiah, Esther: Neh 2,5; Neh 2,10; Neh 7,65 (= Ezr 2,63) Neh 8,14; Neh 8,15; Neh 10,31; Neh 13,1; Neh 13,19; Neh 13,22; Neh 2,10; Neh 3,4; Neh 4,11; Neh 6,2; Neh 8,11; (מֵאֲשֶׁר) Praed 5,4; Praed 7,18 (with טוֺב: contrast Rut 2,22) vRut 2,22 vRut 2,29; Rut 8,12; Rut 8,14; Rut 9,1; Dan 1,8 (twice in verse). (γ) prefixed to a direct citation, like כִּי q. v. (= ὅτι recitativum) (rare) 1 Sam 15,20; 2 Sam 1,4; 2 Sam 2,4 (see Dr) Sl 10,6 (probably), Neh 4,6.
\ \ b. it is resolvable into so that: 1 Mos 11,7 אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִשְׁמְעוּ so that they understand not, etc., 1 Mos 13,16; 1 Mos 22,14 אֲשֶׁר יֵאָמֵר so that it is said, 2 Mos 20,26; 5 Mos 4,10; 5 Mos 4,40 אֲשֶׁר יִיטַב לְךָ 5 Mos 6,3; 5 Mos 28,27; 5 Mos 28,51; 1 Kong 3,12; 1 Kong 3,13; 2 Kong 9,37; Mal 3,19.
\ \ c. it has a causal force, forasmuch as, in that, since: 1 Mos 30,18; 1 Mos 31,49 and Mizpah, אֲשֶׁר אָמַר for that he said, 1 Mos 34,13; 1 Mos 34,27; 1 Mos 42,21 we are guilty, אֲשֶׁר רָאִינוּ we who saw (or, in that we saw), 4 Mos 20,13 Meribah, because they strove there, 5 Mos 3,24; Jos 4,7; Jos 4,23; Jos 22,31; Dom 9,17; 1 Sam 2,23; 1 Sam 15,15; 1 Sam 20,42 go in peace, אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְנוּ forasmuch as we have sworn, 1 Sam 25,26 thou whom (= or, seeing that) ׳י hath withholden, 2 Sam 2,5 blessed are ye of ׳י, אֲשֶׁר עֲשִׂיתֶם, who (οἵτινες) have done (or in that ye have done), 1 Kong 3,19; 1 Kong 15,5; 2 Kong 12,3; 2 Kong 17,4; 2 Kong 23,26; (Hi De Now). Here also belongs its use in אֲשֶׁר לָמָּה since why . . . ? (= lest) Dan 1,10: see below לָמָּה. On אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן forasmuch as Job 34,27 see below כִּי עַל כֵּן.
\ \ d. it expresses a condition (rare & peculiar): 3 Mos 4,22 אֲשֶׁר נָשִׂיא יֶחֱטָא in (case) that = when (or if) a ruler sinneth (3 Mos 4,3 v3 Mos 4,13 v3 Mos 4,37 אִם), 4 Mos 5,29 (explained differently by Ew§ 334 a), 5 Mos 11,27 and the blessing אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁמְעוּ if ye hearken (5 Mos 11,28 אִם), 5 Mos 18,22 Ges, Jos 4,21 אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁאָלוּן ֗֗֗ when they ask . . ., then . . . (Jos 4,6 כִּי), Es 31,4. In 1 Kong 8,33 (|| 2 Kron 6,24 כִּי, compare Kings v2 Kron 6,35 v2 Kron 6,37) אֲשֶׁר may be rendered indifferently because or when. Once, similarly, אֵת אֲשֶׁר 1 Kong 8,31 (|| אִם).
\ \ e. perhaps (exceptionally) = כַּאֲשֶׁר, as, Jer 33,22; Es 54,9 (followed by כֵּן; but כֵּן q. v. sometimes stands without כאשׁר, & אשׁר may in these passages connect with what precedes); according to some also Jer 48,8; Sl 106,34 (in a connection where כַּאֲשֶׁר would be more usual: אֲשֶׁר may however be the object of אָמַר). In 1 Sam 16,7 אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה הָאָדָם read כַּאֲשֶׁר, see Dr. feminine combined with prepositions, אֲשֶׁר converts them into conjunctions: see below, בַּאֲשֶׁר, כַּאֲשֶׁר, מֵאֲשֶׁר. On its use similarly with (אַחֲרֵי) אַחַר, מִבְּלִי, בַּעֲבוּר, עַל דְּבַר, יַעַן, לְמַעַן, כְּפִי, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, מִפְּנֵי, תַּחַת, see these words. — הַאֲשֶׁר, with ה interrogative, occurs once, 2 Kong 6,22. In 5 Mos 15,14 also read כַּאֲשֶׁר: note ברכך before.

Note 1. אֲשֶׁר being a connecting link, without any perfectly corresponding equivalent in English, its force is not unfrequently capable of being represented in more than one way. See e.g. 2 Sam 2,5 (above 8 c), Es 28,12 unto whom he said, or for that he said to them.

Note 2. The opinion that אֲשֶׁר has an asseverative force (like כִּי, q. v.), or introduces the apodosis, is not probably, being both alien to its general usage & not required by the passages alleged. Render Es 8,20 either 'Surely according to this word will those speak who have no dawn,' or '. . . will they speak when (compare above 8 d 5 Mos 11,27; Jos 4,21) they have no dawn.'

Flere artikler i BDB med samme Strong-nummer

בַּאֲשֶׁר BDB845

בַּאֲשֶׁר 19
\ \ a. in (that) which . . . Es 56,4; Es 65,12; Es 66,4 (above 1); Praed 3,9 in (that, in) which (4 c); Es 47,12 (see 2). b. adverb in (the place) where: above 4 b (γ). c. conjunction in that, inasmuch as, 1 Mos 39,9; 1 Mos 39,23; Praed 7,2; Praed 8,4 compare .
\ \ d. Jon 1,8 בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי on account of whom ? (בַּאֲשֶׁר לְ on account of, framed on model of Aramaic בְּדִיל: see below שֶׁל).

כַּאֲשֶׁר see below כְּ.

מֵאֲשֶׁר BDB846

מֵאֲשֶׁר17
\ \ a. from (or than) that which (him, them, etc., that . . .) 1 Mos 3,11; 2 Mos 29,27 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 6,11 (see 3 Mos 4,26; Jos 10,11; Dom 16,30; Es 47,13 +; than that . . . Praed 3,22 לְבַד מֵאֲשֶׁר Est 4,11. b. adverb from (the place) where: above 4 a (β). c. conjunction from (the fact) that . . ., since Es 43,4.

כַּאֲשֶׁר BDB3871

כַּאֲשֶׁר conjunction according as, as, when (compare for the combined Aramaic כְּדִי, כַּד) —

1. according to that which, according as, as:
\ \ a. 1 Mos 34,12 I will give כאשׁר תאמרו אלי according as ye shall (or may) say unto me, 1 Mos 44,1; 2 Mos 8,23; 4 Mos 22,8; 1 Sam 2,16; 1 Mos 34,22 if we are circumcised כאשׁר הם נמולים; 1 Mos 41,21 כאשׁר בתחלה as at the beginning, so ׳כ בראשׁונה Jos 8,5; Jos 8,6; 2 Sam 7,10; 2 Mos 5,13 ׃כאשׁר בהיות התבן 1 Mos 7,9 they came in two by two כאשׁר צוה אלהִים, as God commanded Noah; so, or similarly, very often, especially in P, v1 Mos 7,16; 1 Mos 8,21; 1 Mos 12,4; 1 Mos 17,23; 1 Mos 21,1 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 16,24; 2 Mos 39,1; 2 Mos 39,5; 2 Mos 39,7; 4 Mos 3,16; 4 Mos 3,42 etc.; ׳כאשׁר דבר י 5 Mos 1,21; 5 Mos 2,1; 5 Mos 6,3; 5 Mos 6,19 + often Deuteronomy.
\ \ b. answered, for increased emphasis, by כֵּן (compare כְּ 2 d), 1 Mos 50,12 ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צִוָּם, 2 Mos 7,10; 2 Mos 7,20; 1 Mos 18,5 (J) כן חעשׂח כאשׁר דברת, 2 Mos 10,10 (iron.), Amos 5,14 (do.); in opposed to order, Dom 1,7 כאשׁר עשׂיתי, כן שׁלם לי, 2 Mos 7,6 כן עשׂו ׳כאשׁר צוה י, compare 2 Mos 12,28; 2 Mos 12,50; 2 Mos 39,43; 4 Mos 5,4; 4 Mos 17,26; 4 Mos 36,10 (all P); with imperfect (frequently) 4 Mos 2,17 (P) כאשׁר יחנו כן יסעו; of degree = the more. . . the more, 2 Mos 1,12 וכאשׁר יענּו אתו כן ירבה וכן יפרץ, compare 2 Mos 17,11 (JE) ׳והיה כאשׁר יריםו֗֗֗גבר ישׁר according as he held up, etc., Israel prevailed; in an oath or solemn promise, 4 Mos 14,28 אם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן אעשׂה, 5 Mos 28,63 (Jer 31,28), 1 Kong 1,30; Es 10,11; Es 14,24; Es 52,14f. (see כֵּן 2 b).
\ \ c. answered by וַ (Dr§ 127 γ) 2 Mos 16,34; 4 Mos 1,19.
\ \ d. often in similes (followed by imperfect of habit) 2 Mos 33,11 כאשׁר ידבר אישׁ אל רעהו, 4 Mos 11,12; 5 Mos 1,44; Es 9,2; Es 66,20 +, answered by כֵּן Es 31,4; Es 55,10; Es 66,22; Amos 3,12 +; a second verb is, in such cases, in the perfect with וְ consecutive (Dr§ 115) 5 Mos 22,26; Es 29,8 כאשׁר יחלםו֗֗֗הקיץ, Es 65,8; Amos 5,19.
\ \ e. הָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר (compare הָיָה כְּ) to be as if, Job 10,19 כאשׁר לא הייתי אהיה, Zak 10,6 והיו כאשׁר לא זנחתים.
2. with a casual force, in so far as, since (German demgemäss dass), 1 Mos 26,29 if thou doest us no harm כאשׁר לא נגענוך according as, in so far as, we have not touched thee; 4 Mos 27,14 כאשׁר מריתם פי inasmuch as ye have defied my mouth, Dom 6,27; 1 Sam 28,18 (answered by על כן), 2 Kong 17,26; Mik 3,4.
3. with a temporal force, when, 1 Mos 18,33 and Y. went away כאשׁר כלה when he had finished, etc., 1 Mos 32,3; 1 Mos 32,32; 1 Sam 8,6; 2 Sam 12,21 +; answered by וַּ (Dr§ 127 β), 1 Sam 6,6; 1 Sam 12,8 ויהי כאשׁר֗֗ and it came to pass, when . . . 1 Mos 12,11; 1 Mos 20,13; 1 Mos 24,22; 1 Mos 24,52; 2 Mos 32,19 + often; 1 Mos 43,14 כאשׁר שׁכלתי שׁכלתי when I am bereaved, I am bereaved ! an expression of resignation, so Est 4,16 כאשׁר אבדתי אבדתי. Jos 2,7 אחרי כאשׁר is a 'conflate' reading, omit either אחרי or כ. Of future time, 1 Mos 27,40; 1 Mos 40,14 כאשׁר ייטב לך, Hos 7,12; Praed 4,17; Praed 5,3, and without a verb Es 23,5 כאשׁר שׁמע למצרים. — Mik 3,3 כאשׁר is simply as that which, Job 29,25 as one who.

יַעַן BDB6202

יַעַן96 properly substantive, purpose, intention, but always used as preposition or conjunction, on account of, because (for יַעֲנֶה, of the form יִצְהָר etc., Sta§ 259 Köii. 403; compare mean, intend): —

1. as preposition, rarely with a substantive, Ezk 5,9 יַעַן תּוֺעֲבוֺתֵיכֶם, Hag 1,9 יַעַן מָה, vHag 1,9 יַעַן בֵּיתִי; with a participle Ezk 36,13 יען אמרים because of men saying to you (but read probablyאָמְרָם, Co Toy Berthol); frequently with infinitive with, 1 Kong 21,20 יַעַן הִתְמַכֶּרְךָ on account of thy having sold thyself, Amos 5,11; Es 30,12; Es 37,29 (= 2 Kong 19,28) יַעֵן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אֵלַי, Jer 5,14; Jer 7,13; Jer 23,38; Jer 48,7, and often. (c. 18 t.) in Ezek., as Jer 5,7 (read יַעַן הַמְ˜רֹתְכֶם), Jer 13,8; Jer 13,22; Jer 25,3; Jer 25,6; Jer 25,8; Jer 25,12.

2. As conjunction:
\ \ a. יַעַן אֲשֶׁר (32 t.), usually with perfect, as 1 Mos 22,16 יען אשׁר עשׂית זאת because that thou hast done this, 5 Mos 1,36 (Jos 14,14), Dom 2,20; 1 Sam 30,22; 1 Kong 3,11; 1 Kong 8,18; Jer 19,4; Jer 25,8; Jer 29,23 (not Isaiah) +; with imperfect (in frequent. sense) Ezk 44,12.
\ \ b. יַען כִּי, 4 Mos 11,20 ׳יַעַן כִּי מְאַסְתֶּם אֶתיֿ, 1 Kong 13,21; 1 Kong 21,29; Es 3,16; Es 7,5; Es 8,6; Es 29,13.
\ \ c. יַעַן alone (23 t.), with perfect 4 Mos 20,12 יַעַן לֹא הֶאֱמַנְתֶּם בִּי, 1 Sam 15,23; 1 Kong 14,13; 1 Kong 20,42; 2 Kong 22,19; Hos 8,1; Es 61,1; Es 65,12; Es 66,4 with imperfect (frequently) Ezk 34,21 of the future Ezk 12,12 because he shall not see, etc., (but ᵐ5 Co Kau Berthol לְמַעַן אשׁר לא יֵרָאֶה לָעַיִן): usually the verb follows immediately, but Ezek. sometimes puts the object first for emphasis, Ezk 5,11 יַעַן אֶתמִֿקְדָּשִׁי טִמֵּאתָ, Ezk 20,16; Ezk 20,24; Ezk 36,6, compare Ezk 34,21.

3. יַעַן וּבְיַעַן, q.d. because and by the cause (that), followed by perhaps, 3 Mos 26,43 (H) יען וביען בְּמִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָ֔סוּ, Ezk 13,10 יַעַן בְּיַעַז followed by infinitive, Ezk 36,3. (In all, reckoning יען (ו)ביען once each, 93 t., of which 20 are in 1-2 Kings, 11 in Jeremiah, 38 in Ezekiel; and only 9 in Genesis—2Samuel.)

מַ֫עַן BDB6204

[מַ֫עַן] substantive purpose, intent, only with לְ, in לְמַ֫עַן271 preposition and conjunction for the sake of, on account of, to the intent or in order that (abbreviated from מַעֲנֶה: compare מַ֫עַל; Köii. 116); — with suffix לְמַעֲנִי, לְמַעַנְךָ, and לְמַעַנְכֶם; —

1. preposition: —
\ \ a. 1 Mos 18,24 wilt thou ... not spare the place למען חמשׁים הציקים for the sake of the 50 righteous? 5 Mos 30,6 חַיֶּיךָ ׳ל for thy life's sake, 1 Kong 8,41 the foreigner who comer from afar שְׁמֶ֑ךָ ׳ל, Es 43,14 לְמַעַנְכֶם שִׁלַּחְתִּי בָבֶ֫לָה, Es 45,4; Es 62,1 ציון ׳ל, Es 63,17 עבדיך ׳ל, Es 65,8; Ezk 36,22 (twice in verse); Job 18,4; Sl 122,8; Sl 122,9 (׳עַבְדִּי ד) לְמַעַן דָּוִד, i.e. for the sake of David's memory, and the promises given to him, 1 Kong 11,12; 1 Kong 11,13; 1 Kong 11,32; 1 Kong 11,34; 1 Kong 15,4; 2 Kong 8,19; 2 Kong 19,34 (= Es 37,35), Es 20,6 (all D2); לְמַעֲנִי (of ׳י) for my own sake, i.e. to vindicate my name, 2 Kong 19,34 (= Es 37,35), 2 Kong 20,6; Es 43,25; Es 48,11 לְמַעֲנִי לְמַעֲנִי אֶעֲשֶׁה, so לְמַעַנְךָ Dan 9,19, אֲדֹנָי ׳ל vDan 9,17 ׳י is said (or entreated) to act (שִׁמְךָ, שְׁמִי) לְמַעַן שְׁמוֺ i.e. to maintain his reputation, or character, Sl 23,3; Sl 25,11; Sl 31,4; Sl 79,9; Sl 106,8; Sl 143,11; Jer 14,7; Jer 14,21; Ezk 20,9; Ezk 20,14; Ezk 20,22; Ezk 20,44; Es 48,9 simile חַסְדְּךָ ׳ל (i.e. to maintain it consistently) Sl 6,5; Sl 44,27, טוּבְךָ ׳ל Sl 25,7, צִדְקוֺ ׳ל Es 42,21.


\ \ b. In view of, on account of (but not expressing causation distinctly, like מִן 2 f, or מִפְּנֵי), 5 Mos 3,26 בי לְמַעַנְכֶם ׳ויתעבר י on your account, 1 Kong 11,39 זֹאת ׳ל in view of this, שׁוֺרֲרַי ׳ל on account of my watchful foes, Sl 5,9; Sl 27,11, צורריך ׳ל Sl 8,3, simil. Sl 69,19; Sl 48,12 (Sl 97,8) משׁפטיך ׳ישמח הר ציון ֗֗֗ ל in view of thy judgments.


\ \ c. Sq. infinitive 1 Mos 18,19 ׳לְמַעַן הָבִיא י for the purpose of J.'s bringing = to the intent that J. might bring, 1 Mos 37,22 הַצִּיל ׳ל in order to rescue, 1 Mos 50,20; 2 Mos 1,11; 2 Mos 9,16; 2 Mos 10,1, etc., 5 Mos 2,30; 5 Mos 6,28, etc., 2 Kong 10,19; Jer 7,10; Jer 7,18; Jer 11,5; Jer 50,34 (on הִרגיע, see עַד 2 a b), Ezk 14,5; Ezk 21,5; Ezk 22,6 etc., Ezk 36,5, + often (Köiii.595 f.). Once, pleonastic, לְמַעַן לָמוּג לֵב Ezk 21,20 (compare כַּעֲבוּר לְ 1 Kron 19,3 but read probably הִמּוֺג).

2. conjunction (followed by imperfect): —
\ \ a. לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר 1 Mos 18,19 I have known him אשׁר יְצַוֶּה ׳ל to the end that he might command, etc., 5 Mos 27,3; Jos 3,4; 2 Sam 13,5; Jer 42,6 more often
\ \ b. without אשׁר, as 1 Mos 12,13 לְמַעַן יִיטַב לִי, 1 Mos 27,25; 2 Mos 4,5 יאמינו ׳ל, 2 Mos 8,6; 2 Mos 8,18; 2 Mos 9,29; 2 Mos 10,2; Es 5,19; Es 23,16; Sl 9,15; Sl 30,13; Sl 48,14 + often (Köiii.571).


\ \ c. Sq. לֹא (a) אשׁר לֹא ׳ל 4 Mos 17,5; 5 Mos 20,18; Ezk 31,14; Ezk 36,30; Ezk 46,18 (b) לֹא ׳ל Ezk 14,11; Ezk 19,9; Ezk 25,10; Ezk 26,20; Zak 12,7; Sl 119,11; Sl 119,80; Sl 125,3 (Köiii.574. Less common than לְבִלְתִּי or מִן with infinitive, or פֶּןֿ).

Note
1. — לְמַעַן is always in order that, never merely so that ἐκβατικῶς); but sometimes, in rhetorical passages, the issue of a line of action, though really undesigned, is represented by it ironically as if it were designed: 5 Mos 29,18 (see Dr) ׳סְפוֺת וגו ׳וְהִתְבָּרֵךְ כִּלְבָבוֺ ֗֗֗ ל and he congratulate himself ... in order to sweep away the moistened with the dry (i.e. to destroy all together), Es 30,1; Es 44,9 יֵבוֺשׁוּ ׳בל יראו ובל ידעו ל in orer that they may be put to shame, Jer 7,18 הַכְעִיסֵנִי ׳ל, vJer 7,19 בּשֶׁת פְנֵיהֶם ׳ל, Jer 27,10; Jer 27,15; Jer 32,29; Hos 8,4 their silver, etc., they have made into idols יִכָרֵת ׳ל in order that it may be cut off (of course, not the real purpose of the idolatry), Amos 2,7; Mik 6,16: compare Sl 51,6 (see Comn.) in order that thou mightest be just when thou judgest (that is, by manifesting thy justice in judgement on my sin). compare Qor 28:7 (FlKl. Schr. i. 397 f.).

Note 2. — In Jos 4,24 for the anomalous יְרָאתֶם ׳ל, read infinitive יִרְאָתָם ׳ל in order that they might fear (Dr§ 14 Obs.): Neh 6,13 לְמַעַן שָׂכוּר הוּא לְמַעַן אִירָא (si vera 1.) the first ׳ל points forwards, to this intent was he hired, to the intent that I should be afraid. — On Ord 16,4, see מַעֵנֶה above

שֶׁ BDB8356

שֶׁ, also ( 1 Mos 6,3 [? see 4 a], Dom 5,7 (twice in verse); Hoj 1,7; Job 19,29 [?]) שַּׁ , שָׁ in שָׁאַתָּה Dom 6,17, and שְׁ in שְׁהוּא Praed 2,22, שְׁהֵם Praed 3,18 (elsewhere before guttural שֶׁ, as שֶׁאֲנִי Hoj 1,6; Praed 2,18, שֶׁאֵין Sl 146,3, שֶׁהֵם Hoj 6,5; Klg 4,9, שֶׁעַל Dom 7,12; Dom 8,26, שֶׁרּאֹשִׁי Hoj 5,2), relative particle who, which, that, etc. (constantly in Late Hebrew; Aramaic of Nerab, Ldzb371, 445; Assyrian sha; Phoenician אש (regularly), also sometimes ש (Ldzb227 f.): according to Ges Ew§ 181 b Olp. 439 Sta§ 176 e, abbreviated from אֲשֶׁר; more probably (Sperling [see אֲשֶׁר], Köii. 323 f.) an original demonstrative particle), synonym with אֲשֶׁר, but in usage limited to late Hebrew, and passages with north Palestinian colouring, namely Dom 5,7 (twice in verse) [אֲשֶׁר vDom 5,27], Dom 6,17; Dom 7,12; Dom 8,26; 2 Kong 6,11 (see 4 c), Jon 1,7; Jon 1,12; Jon 4,10 [אֲשֶׁר 11 t.], Sl 122,3; Sl 122,4; Sl 123,2; Sl 124,1; Sl 124,2; Sl 124,6; Sl 129,6; Sl 129,7; Sl 133,2; Sl 133,3; Sl 135,2; Sl 135,8; Sl 135,10; Sl 136,23; Sl 137,8; Sl 137,9; Sl 144,15; Sl 146,3; Sl 146,5; Klg 2,15; Klg 2,16; Klg 4,9; Klg 5,18; Ezr 8,20; 1 Kron 5,20; 1 Kron 27,27 Canticles (uniformly, except in title Hoj 1,1); Ecclesiastes (68 t.; אֲשֶׁא 89 t.); also (dubious) 1 Mos 6,3; 1 Mos 49,10 (שֶׁלֹּה ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7), Job 19,29 and in the proper name (q. v.) מִישָׁאֵל and מְתוּשָׁאֵל. — In usage, שֶּׁ  is in the main parallel with אֲשֶׁר, namely

1. as pronoun who, which, whom, Dom 7,12 כַּהוֺל שֶׁעַל שְׂפַת הַיָּם (compare חוֺל c), Sl 122,3; Sl 124,6 etc.; him whom, that which, etc., Hoj 1,7; Hoj 3,1; 1 Kron 27,27; Praed 1,11; Praed 6,3 וְרַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ יְמֵי חַיָּיו and much (verb) is that which his days amount to (Hi De and others), vPraed 6,10 הוּא שֶּׁ  that which Praed 1,9 (twice in verse); in the genitive, אַשְׁרֵי שֶּׁ  Sl 137,8; Sl 137,9; Sl 146,5. — On מַהשֶּּֿׁ  in Eccl = whatever, what, see מָה 1 e b.
2. as a connecting link; = where (compare אֲשֶׁר p. 81, and 4 b β), מְקוֺם שֶּׁ  Praed 1,7; Praed 11,3 (compare מְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר 1 Mos 39,20 +: Ges«GKC:130c»§ 130c), whither Sl 122,4 (שֶׁשָּׁם ֗֗֗ ), when Hoj 8,8; Praed 12,3 בַּיּוֺם שֶּׁ  (compare ib. 4 b a).
3.as a conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8); —
\ \ a. that, after רָאָה Praed 2,13; Praed 3,18, יָרַע Praed 1,17; Praed 2,14; Praed 9,5; Job 19,19 (?), דִּבֶּר Praed 2,15, אָמַר Praed 8,14, עָשָׂה אוֺת Dom 6,17 as subject of sentence, Praed 3,13; Praed 5,15 also in the phrases, (a) what is ... that ? Hoj 5,9 (usually כִּי; see מָךְ 1 d b), מֶה הָיָה שֶּׁ  how comes it that ... ? Praed 7,10
\ \ \ (b) Hoj 3,4 כִּמְעַט שֶׁעָבַרְתּת מֵהֶם hardly (was it) that (German kaum dass) I had passed, etc., Praed 7,14 עַל דִּדבְרַת שֶׁלּאֹ יִמְצָא to the intent that ..., Praed 5,15 כָּלעֻֿמַּת שֶׁבֶּא exactly as ..., Praed 12,9 תֵר שֶׁ besides that, עַד שֶּׁ  (עַד ּ Dom 5,7) until that Sl 123,2; Hoj 2,7; Hoj 2,17 + (see III. עַד II 1 a a and b; compare Late Hebrew Yoma Hoj 5,1), while Hoj 1,12 (ib. 2 d); עָשָׂהשֶּׁ  to make or cause that ..., Praed 3,14 (compare Ezk 36,27).
\ \ b. involving a reason (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c), because, since, Hoj 1,6 (twice in verse); Hoj 5,2; Praed 2,18 b. Hence שֵׁלָּמָה Hoj 1,7 since why ? = lest (see מָה 4 d b).
4. compounds:
\ \ a. בְּשֶּׁ , i. q. בַּאֲשֶׁר c (p. 84a) in that, seeing that, Praed 2,16 also (according to ᵑ0 ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Hu De) 1 Mos 6,3 בְּשַׁגַּם הוּא בָשָׂר because that he also is flesh; but see שָׁגַג.
\ \ b. ˜כּשֶּׁ , i. q. כַּאֲשֶׁר p. 455: — (a) according as Praed 5,14; Praed 12,7 (b) when (so often in Late Hebrew, as Ab Praed 1,8 (3 t. in verse); Praed 1,14) Praed 9,12; Praed 10,3.
\ \ c. מִשֶּּׁ , i. q. מֵאֲשֶׁר a (p. 84:a), 2 Kong 6,12 מִי מִשֶּׁלָּנוּ who of those that are ours ? (but Klo KmpKau Benz מְגַלֵּנוּ who betrays us ? compare ᵐ5); Praed 5,4 than that (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Praed 3,22), + Praed 2,24 (read מִשֶּׁיּאֹכַל with Ew De, etc.; compare Praed 3,22).
\ \ d. שֶׁל, like אֲשֶׁרלְ (אֲשֶׁר 7 b), a mark of the genitive: thrice, adding slight emphasis to the suffix, Hoj 1,6 = Hoj 8,12 כַּרְמִי שֶׁלִּי my vineyard (literally my vineyard, which is mine), Hoj 3,7 מִטָּתוֺ שֶׁלִּשְׁלֹמֹה (so often in Late Hebrew, but without any special emphasis, as Aboth Hoj 1,12 הֲוֵי מתלמידיווּ שׁלאֿהרן be of Aaron's disciples, Hoj 2,1 שְׂכָרָן שֶׁלמִֿצְוֺת, vHoj 2,2; Hoj 3,2 הֲוֵי מתפלל בשׁלומהּ שׁלמֿלכות; compare in Syriac, as Luk 6,42 my words, Nö§ 225). And with בְּ, בְּשֶׁל literally through that which belongs to or concerns, pleonastic for on account of (a late, unidiomatic translation of Aramaic בְּרִיל, from בְּ, דִּי, and לְ, as in Onk 1 Mos 12,13 בדילי on my account, 1 Mos 30,27; 1 Mos 39,5 בְּדִיל יוֺסֵף, בְּדִיל מָא on account of what ? Dom 8,1; 2 Sam 9,1; 1 Kong 11,12; 1 Kong 11,39, etc.), Jon 1,7 בְּשֶׁלְּמִי on account of whom ? (|| vJon 1,8 בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי; probably a gloss), vJon 1,12 בְּשֶׁלִּי an account of me (ᵑ7 בְּדִיל מַן, בְּדִילִי); Praed 8,17 בְּשֶׁל אֲשֶׁר יַעֲמֹל הָאָדָם לְבַקֵּשׁ on account of (the fact) that (= seeing that) man labours, etc. (unidiomatic translation of Aramaic בְּדִיל דְּ because that, as 1 Mos 6,3 בְּדִיל דְּאִינוּן בִּסְרָא, 1 Mos 39,9 בְּרִיל דְּאַתְּ אִיתְּתֵיהּ [for Hebrew בַּאֲשֶׁר אַתְּ אִשְׁתּוֺ]; Palmyrene בדיל די Ldzb233, — in Tariff 1 Mos 1,4 (CookeN. Semitic Inscr. 320) = ἐπειδή).

[שֹׁא] see [ שׁוֺא].

דִּי BDB9440 · aramaisk

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb267. 446 RES361 S-CPap. A 2 +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10,11; Dan 2,11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2,24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2,26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4,5; Dan 5,12; Dan 5,23, etc.; = that which Dan 2,23 = him that Ezr 7,25; Ezr 6,15; Dan 7,17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2,37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4,19; Dan 4,6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezr 6,1, so דִּי alone Ezr 6,3; Dan 2,38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3,5; Dan 3,15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6,9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezr 6,8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3,20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5,2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7,20; Ezr 4,24; Ezr 5,6; Ezr 6,2; Ezr 6,6 compare Dan 2,25; Dan 5,13; Dan 7,7; Ezr 7,23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezr 6,9; Ezr 7,22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 1 Mos 15,2; 2 Mos 21,11); compare Dan 2,34; Dan 2,45.
\ \ b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3,6; Dan 3,11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4,14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4,22 v.Dan 4,29; Dan 5,21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2,28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2,29 vDan 2,29 vDan 2,45; Ezr 6,8; Ezr 7,18. — compare K§ 103.
2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2,15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2,19 vDan 2,25 vDan 2,49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezr 4,15; Ezr 5,2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5,5; Dan 7,4; Dan 7,9; Dan 7,10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2,20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2,44; Dan 3,8; Dan 3,25; Dan 3,26; Dan 4,23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2,38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2,39; Dan 3,1; Dan 5,7; Dan 5,16; Ezr 5,14; Ezr 6,4 +; as predicate Dan 2,32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2,33; Dan 7,19 with a pronoun Dan 2,20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6,27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7,14. — See further K§ 81.
3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
\ \ a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2,8; Dan 2,9, seeing Dan 2,45; Dan 3,27, hearing Dan 5,14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3,18; Ezr 4,13; Dan 2,47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12,2).
\ \ b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2,41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2,43; Dan 4,20; Dan 4,23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2,9; Dan 2,20b; Dan 2,23b; Dan 2,47b; Dan 4,15; Dan 6,24b.
\ \ c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2,16, commanding Dan 3,10; Dan 3,29, expressing a purpose Dan 4,3; Dan 5,15; Ezr 4,15; Ezr 6,10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2,18; Dan 3,28; Dan 6,18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezr 7,23, see מה).
\ \ d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2,25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5,7; Dan 6,6; Dan 6,14.
4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
\ \ a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb293 SACG1 62, 63 Cooke369 b RES:361; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2,43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3,7; Dan 5,20; Dan 6,11; Dan 6,15.
\ \ b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3,22; Ezr 5,12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Es 43,4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4,23; Ezr 4,23.
\ \ c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2,9; Dan 2,34; Dan 4,30; Dan 7,22 = ere that Dan 6,25.
\ \ d. עַל דִּי Dan 3,19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
\ \ e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

Forekomster pr. bog

1 Mos 349 2 Mos 261 3 Mos 252 4 Mos 256 5 Mos 430 Jos 193 Dom 142 Rut 31 1 Sam 199 2 Sam 165 1 Kong 284 2 Kong 238 1 Kron 83 2 Kron 204 Ezr 19 Neh 82 Est 72 Job 40 Sl 99 Ord 12 Praed 65 Hoj 1 Es 146 Jer 363 Klg 7 Ezk 275 Dan 38 Hos 10 Joel 9 Amos 16 Ob 3 Jon 11 Mik 14 Nah 2 Hab 3 Sef 6 Hag 7 Zak 40 Mal 11
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Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.