אָבַד

Qal Perfect ׳א 4 Mos 21,30 +; אָֽבְדוּ Sl 10,16 + (+ Ezk 6,3 ᵐ5 Co) etc.; Imperfect יאֹבַד Job 3,3; Jer 4,9 יאֹבֵ֑דּ Job 20,7 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular תּאֹבַד 5 Mos 22,3 + 4 t.; תּאֹבֵ֑ד Job 8,13 + 3 t.; יאֹבְדוּ Dom 5,31 + 3 t.; יאֹבֵ֑דוּ Job 4,9 +; 3 feminine plural וַתּאֹבַדְנָה 1 Sam 9,3 תּאֹבֵדוּן 5 Mos 4,26 +; נאֹבֵ֑ד Jon 1,6; Jon 3,9 נאֹבְדָה Jon 1,14, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָבדֹ 5 Mos 4,26 + 2 t.; construct אֲבדֹ 5 Mos 7,20; Ord 11,10 אֲבָדְךָ 5 Mos 28,20 אָבְדֶ֑ךָ 5 Mos 28,22 אֲבָדְכֶם Jos 23,13 אָבְדָם Ob 1,12; Ord 28,28 Participle אוֺבֵד 5 Mos 26,5 + 7:t.; construct אֹבַד 5 Mos 32,28 (before ע ? see Di. Bö^{§ 378}); etc.

1. perish, die, of individuals (mostly late) 4 Mos 17,27 (|| נוע & (v.4 Mos 17,28) מות, (also 5 Mos 26,5 ? compare below) Jon 1,6; Jon 1,14; Job 31,19 compare Job 29,13; Ord 31,6; Est 4,14; Est 4,16 (twice in verse); Mik 4,9; Jer 40,15 compare Es 57,1; Ord 11,10; Ord 28,28; Praed 7,15; Sl 119,92 emphasis on mortality Job 4,20; Sl 146,4; Praed 9,6 Saul & Jonathan, under figure of weapons 2 Sam 1,27 lion Job 4,11 caravan Job 6,18 (compare Di); compare מִןהָֿאָרֶץ חָסִיד ׳א Mik 7,2, מֶלֶח מֵעַזָּה ׳וא Zak 9,5 perish, be exterminated (judgment for sin), of Israel 3 Mos 26,38; 5 Mos 8,19 (twice in verse); 5 Mos 8,20; 5 Mos 28,20; 5 Mos 20,22; 5 Mos 30,18 (twice in verse); Jer 27,10; Jer 27,15 compare Jer 6,21; Ob 1,12 compare Sl 80,17; Es 27,13 other nations 5 Mos 7,20; Jer 10,15; Jer 51,18; Sl 2,12; Sl 10,16; Sl 83,18 compare Sl 9,4; Amos 1,8; Es 41,11; Es 60,12 compare Jon 3,9 see also 2 Mos 10,7; 4 Mos 21,29; 4 Mos 21,30 (JE) Jer 48,46 house of Ahab 2 Kong 9,8 wicked in general Dom 5,31; Job 4,9 compare vJob 4,7, Sl 37,20; Sl 49,11; Sl 68,3 (|| simile of melting wax), Sl 73,27; Sl 92,10 also Ord 19,9; Ord 21,18 ׳לָנֶצַח א Job 20,7 compare ׳דֶּרֶח רְשָׁעִים א Sl 1,6 followed by מֵעַל הָאָ֑רֶץ (of annihilation of Israel) 5 Mos 4,26 (twice in verse); 5 Mos 11,17; Jos 23,13; Jos 23,16 (D); followed by מִתּוֺח הַקָּהָל (of Korah's company) 4 Mos 16,33 (JE); perish, be ruined, destroyed, of inanimate things, e.g. land Jer 9,11 (|| נִצְּתָה כַמִּדְבָּר compare Jer 48,8 harvest Joel 1,11 Jonah's gourd Jon 4,10 riches Jer 48,36; Praed 5,13 vessel Sl 31,13 houses Amos 3,15 (so often Assyrian Dl^w); city Ezk 26,17 (but strike out ᵐ5 Co); compare bamôth Ezk 6,3 ᵐ5 Co; heavens & earth Sl 102,27.

2. figurative perish, vanish, subject memory Job 18,17; Sl 9,7 name Sl 41,6 (i.e. be forgotten); vigour Job 30,2 wisdom Es 29,14 compare אֹבַד עֵצוֺת 5 Mos 32,28 אֱמוּנָה Jer 7,28 (|| נִכְרְתָה); חָזוֺן Ezk 12,22 יוֺם Job 3,3 (i.e. be blotted out); לֵב Jer 4,9 (i.e. courage fail); תִּקְוָה Sl 9,19; Ord 10,28; Ord 11,7; Ezk 19,5; Ezk 37,11; Job 8,13 so תַּאֲוָה Sl 112,10 (i.e. comes to naught); תּוֺחֶלֶת Ord 11,7, followed by מִן + agent Klg 3,18 עֵצָה + תּוֺרָה followed by מן + persons negligent Jer 18,18; Ezk 7,26, compare Jer 49,7 especially מָנוֺס מִןֿ ׳א (i.e. they could not escape) Amos 2,14; Jer 25,35; Job 11,20; Sl 142,5.

3. be lost, strayed, asses 1 Sam 9,3; 1 Sam 9,20 sheep Jer 50,6; Ezk 34,4; Ezk 34,16; Sl 119,176 (figurative of erring men); perhaps 5 Mos 26,5. Pi`el causative of Qal. — Perfect אִבַּד 2 Kong 21,3 + 2 t.; suffix וְאִבֶּדְךָ Co Ezk 28,16 compare below; אִבַּדְתִּי Jer 15,7 וְאִבַּדְתִּ֫י Ezk 6,3 (ᵐ5 Co וְאָֽבְּדוּ) etc.; Imperfect יְאַבֵּד Praed 9,18 וִיאַבֵּד Praed 7,7; Sef 2,13 1 singular suffix וָאַבֶּדְךָ Ezk 28,16 (for ׳וָאֲאַבּ Ew^{§ 72 c} Ol^{§ 79 a} Kö I:338 Ges^{«GKC:68»§ 68} fin; but Co 3 masculine singular; see also Co Ezk 38,14); תְּאַבְּדוּן 5 Mos 12,2 etc.; Infinitive absolute אַבֵּד 5 Mos 12,2 + 3 t.; construct id. Ezk 22,27 + etc.; Participle מְאַבְּדִים Jer 23,1.

1. cause to perish, destroy, kill, object person (mostly late) 2 Kong 11,1; Est 3,9; Est 4,7; Est 8,5; Est 9,24 || הרג Est 9,6; Est 9,12 || הרג + השׁמיד Est 3,13; Est 7,4; Est 8,11 || המם Est 9,24 compare Sl 119,95 object נְפָשׁוֺת Ezk 22,17 (strike out ᵐ5 Co); in judgment, subject ׳י Sl 5,7 compare Ord 1,32 followed by מִתּוֺח Ezk 28,16 object a people 2 Kong 13,7; 2 Kong 19,18 = Es 37,19; Job 12,13 in judgment 5 Mos 11,4; Jer 12,17; Jer 15,7; Sef 2,13; Sl 9,6 compare Sl 21,11 object inanimate things especially idols, bamôth etc., 4 Mos 33,52 (twice in verse); (J) 5 Mos 12,2 (twice in verse); 2 Kong 21,3; Ezk 6,3 (but compare ᵐ5 Co above); bars of Zion Klg 2,9 (|| שִׁבַּר).

2. figurative cause to vanish, blot out, do away with names of idols 5 Mos 12,3 voice of Babylon Jer 51,55 memory of dead Es 26,14 substance Ord 29,3 understanding Praed 7,7 good ( טוֺבָה q. v.) Praed 9,18.

3. cause to stray, lose; object Israel under figure of flock Jer 23,1 (|| הֵפִיץ); absolute Praed 3,6 (|| בִּקֵּשׁ). Hiph`il Perfect וְהֶאֱבִּיד 4 Mos 24,19 הֶאֱבַ֑דְתָּ Job 14,19 etc.; Imperfect אֹבִידָה Jer 46,8 (Ges^{«GKC:68»§ 68}, 2 R. 1). Infinitive construct הַאֲבִיד 2 Kong 10,19 + etc.; Participle מַאֲבִיד 5 Mos 8,20.

1. destroy, put to death, in judgment, (subject ׳י) object person 3 Mos 23,30 (followed by מִקֶּרֶב עַמָּהּ; || כָּרַת v3 Mos 23,29); Jer 49,38 (followed by מִשָּׁם); Ob 1,8 (followed by מֵאֱדוֺם); object nation, Ammon Ezk 25,7 (followed by מןהֿארצות; || כָּרַת), compare vEzk 25,16 Canaanites 5 Mos 8,20 (followed by מִפְּנֵיכֶם); Canaan = Philistines Sef 2,5 (|| כָּרַת); especially Israel 5 Mos 28,51; 5 Mos 28,63 (|| הִשְׁמִיד), compare Jos 7,7 also absolute Jer 18,7 (|| לִנְתוֺשׁ וְלִנְתוֺץ); = Jer 1,10 (+ וְלַהֲרוֺס) = Jer 31,28 (+ וּלְהָרֵעַ); animals Ezk 32,13 (followed by מֵעַל מַיִם רַבִּים); compare 5 Mos 7,10; Sl 143,12 (|| הִצְמִית); (human subject), object servants of Baal 2 Kong 10,19, object nation 5 Mos 9,3, compare 4 Mos 24,19 (E; followed by מֵעִיר); 2 Kong 24,2 compare Jer 46,8 object inanimate, chariots Mik 5,9 idols Ezk 30,13 (strike out B Co).

2. figurative, object name of kings 5 Mos 7,24 (followed by מִתַּחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם); hope Job 14,19 voice of mirth etc. Jer 25,10 (compare Jer 51,55 Pi`el above)