אָנֹכִי

אָֽנֹכִ֫י אָנֹ֑כִי (once Job 33,9 אָֽנֹכִ֑י pronoun 1 singular common I; 1 Mos 3,10; 1 Mos 7,4; 1 Mos 15,1; 1 Mos 15,2; 1 Mos 16,5 + often With הֲ הֶאָנֹכִי 4 Mos 11,12; Job 21,4. (Assyrian anâku, Phoenician & Moabite אנך: not in Arabic, Aramaic, Ethiopic; but ku appears as the affix of the 1 singular in the Ethiopic verb (e.g. waladku = Hebrew יָלַדְתִּי). אָנֹכִי and אֲנִי appear to be two parallel formations (both containing the element ani [compare the suffix , נִי-] or ana, & one strengthened by the addition of the demonstrative basis Ku [probably akin to כָּא, כֹּה here]: compare Sta^{§ 179} W^{SG 95 f.} 98-101), of which, in most of the Semitic languages, one prevailed to the exclusion of the other, but which in Hebrew maintained their place side by side.) In some cases אני and אנכי appear capable of being used indiffer-ently; in others the choice seems to have been determined, partly by rhythmical considera-tions, partly by a growing preference for אֲנִי among later writers. Thus when appended to the verb for emphasis (whether with or without גַּם) the lighter form אֲנִי is nearly always used ( 3 Mos 20,5; 3 Mos 26,24; 3 Mos 26,32; 5 Mos 12,30; Dom 1,3; Dom 8,23; 2 Sam 12,28; 2 Sam 17,15; 2 Sam 18,2; 2 Sam 18,22; Jer 17,18; Jer 21,5; Ezk 17,22; Job 13,2 +; compare the cases 1 Mos 27,34; 1 Sam 25,24; 2 Sam 19,1; 1 Kong 1,26; Ord 23,15); on the contrary, in the emphatic rhetorical style of Deuteronomy, אָנֹכִי is preferred (in the discourses, uniformly, except 5 Mos 12,30, in accusative with usage just noted, & 5 Mos 29,5 in a standing expression; on 5 Mos 32,48; 5 Mos 32,51 (P) compare below) In particular phrases, also, usage prefers sometimes אֶני sometimes אָנכי thus there occurs חַיאָֿנִי 4 Mos 14,21 & always, except 5 Mos 32,40 (אָ֑נִי) אִתְּךָ אֲנִי (Jer 1,9; Jer 1,19; Jer 30,11; Jer 46,18; Es 43,2; Es 43,5); אֲנִי יהוה 2 Mos 6,2; 2 Mos 6,6; 2 Mos 6,8 & elsewhere in P, & especially frequently in H (3 Mos 18,2; 3 Mos 18,4; 3 Mos 18,6 etc.) & Ezekiel, also 1 Mos 15,7; 1 Mos 28,13; 5 Mos 29,5; Dom 6,10 +; (אנכי יהוה much less frequently; only J E & prophetic writers, 2 Mos 20,2 = 5 Mos 5,6; Hos 12,10; Hos 13,4; Sl 81,11; 2 Mos 20,5 = 5 Mos 5,9; Es 43,11; Es 44,24; Es 51,15 (2 Mos 4,11 is different); compare Dr^{JPh xi. 224 f.}); אני אמרתי Es 38,10 (Hez.) Es 49,4; Jer 5,4; Jer 10,19 (Jer 3,19 אנכי) Rut 4,4; Sl 30,7; Sl 31,23; Sl 41,5; Sl 82,6 +; ויאמר אָ֫נִי (in response to a question) 1 Mos 27,24; Dom 13,11; 2 Sam 20,17; 1 Kong 13,14; 1 Kong 18,8 (אנכי ׳וי only 2 Sam 2,20 on the contrary, with a predicate, אָנֹבִי is regularly employed, 1 Mos 24,34; 1 Sam 30,13; 2 Sam 1,8 עֲמָלֵקִי אָנֹ֑בִי 2 Sam 11,5; 2 Sam 20,17; Es 6,5; Jer 1,6; Jon 1,9); (הִנְנִי) וַאֲנִי הִנֵּה 1 Mos 6,17; 1 Mos 9,9; 2 Mos 31,6; 4 Mos 3,12 + (but הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי 1 Mos 24,14; 1 Mos 24,43; 1 Mos 25,32; 2 Mos 3,13; 2 Mos 19,9 +; הִנֵּה אֲנִי is very uncommon; see ib.²²⁶). So far as the usage of particular books is concerned, in the Pentateuch (except Deuteronomy) אֲנִי is used in P (including H) always (about 130 t.) except 1 Mos 23,4 (compare Ezekiel below); in J E אנכי is preferred, though not exclusively (1 Mos 81,48). In Samuel there are 50 instances of each form. Jeremiah has some 54 instances of אֶני 37 of אנכי. In later books the preponderance of אֲנִי is evident. Thus in Ezekiel אני occurs 138 t., אנכי once 1 Mos 36,28 (perhaps a reminiscence of Jer 11,4 b Jer 24,7; Jer 30,22); in Lamentations, Haggai, Ezra, Esther, Ecclesiastes אני 45 t., אנכי never; in Chronicles אני 30 t., אנכי once 1 Kron 17,1 (from 2 Sam 7,2); in Daniel אני 23 t., אנכי once 2 Sam 10,11. See more fully Gies^{ZAW 1881, 251-8} Dr^{l.c. 222-7}.