חֵסֵד
Engelsk goodness, kindness
I GT 247 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
חֶ֫סֶד: 247 noun masculine2 Sam 16,17 goodness, kindness; — absolute ׳ח 1 Mos 24,12 + 85 t.; חָ֑סֶד 1 Mos 39,21 + 12 t.; construct חֶסֶד 1 Sam 20,14 + 8 t.; suffix חַסְדִּי Sl 59,18 + 120 t. suffixes; plural חֲסָדִים 1 Mos 32,11 construct חַסֵדֵי Es 55,3 + 5 t. (BaerJes p. 79 Ges«GKC:93»§ 93, R, 1. F.); suffix חֲסָדַי Neh 13,14 + 10t. suffixes; (not in H or P). I. of man:
1. kindness of men towards men, in doing favours and benefits 1 Sam 20,15; 2 Sam 16,17; Sl 141,5; Ord 19,22; Ord 20,6 יהוה ׳ח 1 Sam 20,14 the kindness of ׳י (such as he shews, Thes MV; that sworn to by oath to Yahweh Mich Dathe; shewn out of reverence to Yahweh Th Ke); compare אלהים ׳ח 2 Sam 9,3 ׳תּוֺרַתאח Ord 31,26 instruction in kindness, kindly instruction עָשָׂה חֶסֶד עִמָּדִי do or shew kindness (in dealing) with me 1 Mos 20,13; 1 Mos 40,14 (E), 1 Sam 20,14; 2 Sam 10,2 (עִמִּי in || 1 Kron 19,2); with עִם 1 Mos 21,23 (E), 1 Mos 24,12; 1 Mos 24,14; Jos 2,12 (twice in verse); Dom 1,24 (J), Dom 8,35; 1 Sam 15,6; 1 Sam 2,5; 1 Sam 3,8; 1 Sam 9,1; 1 Sam 9,3a = 1 Kron 19,2a, 1 Kron 19,2b 2 Kron 24,22 with עַל 1 Sam 20,8 with לְ 1 Kong 2,7 לפני ׳נשׂא ח obtain kindness before Est 2,9; Est 2,17 ׳היטיב ח Rut 3,10.
2. kindness (especially as extended to the lowly, needy and miserable), mercy Ord 20,28; Job 6,14 אישׁ חסד merciful man Ord 11,17 (opposed to אַכְזָרִי); ׳מַלְכֵּי ח merciful kings 1 Kong 20,31 ׳עשׂה ח Sl 109,16 in this sense usually with other attributes (see also below II.
2.); || אמת Hos 4,1; Es 16,5 ואמת ׳ח Ord 3,3; Ord 14,22; Ord 16,6; Ord 20,28 ואמת ׳עשׂה ח 1 Mos 24,49; 1 Mos 47,29; Jos 2,14 (J; RV gives thse under 1); || צדקה Hos 10,12 ׳צדקה וח Ord 21,21 || משׁפט Mik 6,8 ומשׁפט ׳ח Hos 12,7 || חוֺנֵן Sl 109,12 ורחמים ׳ח Zak 7,9; Dan 1,9. — (On Hos 6,4; Hos 6,6 see 3 below)
3. (rarely) affection if Israel to ׳י love to God, piety: נְעוּרַיִךְ ׳ח Jer 2,2 priety of thy youth (|| love of thine espousals to Yahweh); possibly also חַסְדְּכֶם כַּעֲנַןבֹּֿקֶר Hos 6,4 your piety is like a morning cloud (fleeting), and כִּי חֶסֶד חָפַצְתִּי וְלאֹזָֿ֑בַח Hos 6,6 for piety I delight in and not in peace-offering (|| דעת אלהים, compare 1 Sam 15,22); — so Wü Now Hi (1 Sam 15,4) Che; Ke Hi (1 Sam 15,6) al. below 2 (or 1); — נַנְשֵׁי חֶסֶד men of piety Es 57,1 (|| צַדִּיק); plural pious acts 2 Kron 32,32; 2 Kron 35,26; Neh 13,14.
4. lovely appearance: כָּלחַֿסְדּוֺ כְּצִיץ הַשָֹּׁדֶה Es 40,6 all its loveliness as the flower of the field (so Thes Hi De Che Di and others; but δόξα ᵐ5 1 Pet 1,24 & gloria ᵑ9 favour an original reading הוֺדוֺ Lo or כְּבֹדוֺ Ew, see BrMP 375; Du הֲדָרוֺ). II. of God: kindness, lovingkindness in condescendig to the needs of his creatures. He is חַסְדָּם their goodness favour Jon 2,9 חַסְדִּי Sl 144,2 אֱלֹהֵי חַסְדִּי God of my kindness Sl 59,18 in vSl 59,11 read אֱלֹהַי חַסְדּוֺ my God with his kindness ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Ew Hup De Pe Che Bae; his is the kindness Sl 62,13 it is with him Sl 130,7 he delights in it Mik 7,18.
1. specifically lovingkindness:
\ \ a. in redemption from enemies and troubles 1 Mos 19,19; 1 Mos 39,21 (J), 2 Mos 15,13 (song), Jer 31,3; Ezr 7,28; Ezr 9,9; Sl 21,8; Sl 31,17; Sl 31,22; Sl 32,10; Sl 33,22; Sl 36,8; Sl 36,11; Sl 42,9; Sl 44,27; Sl 48,10; Sl 59,17; Sl 66,20; Sl 85,8; Sl 90,14; Sl 94,18; Sl 107,8; Sl 107,15; Sl 107,21; Sl 107,31; Sl 143,8; Sl 143,12; Job 37,13; Rut 1,8; Rut 2,20 men should trust in it Sl 13,6; Sl 52,10 rejoice in it Sl 31,8 hope in it Sl 33,18; Sl 147,11.
\ \ b. in preservation of life from death Sl 6,5; Sl 86,13; Job 10,12.
\ \ c. in quickening of spiritual life Sl 109,26; Sl 119,41; Sl 119,76; Sl 119,88; Sl 119,124; Sl 119,149; Sl 119,159.
\ \ d. in redemption from sin Sl 25,7; Sl 51,3.
\ \ e. in keeping the covenants, with Abraham Mik 7,20 with Moses and Israel שׁמר הַבְּרִית וְ(הַ)חֶסֶד keep-eth the covenant and the lovingkindness 5 Mos 7,9; 5 Mos 7,12; 1 Kong 8,23 = 2 Kron 6,14; Neh 1,5; Neh 9,32; Dan 9,4 with David and his dynasty 2 Sam 7,15 = 1 Kron 17,13; 2 Sam 22,51 = Sl 18,51, 1 Kong 3,6 (twice in verse) = 2 Kron 1,8; Sl 89,29; Sl 89,34 with the wife Zion Es 54,10.
\ \ a. in redemption from enemies and troubles 1 Mos 19,19; 1 Mos 39,21 (J), 2 Mos 15,13 (song), Jer 31,3; Ezr 7,28; Ezr 9,9; Sl 21,8; Sl 31,17; Sl 31,22; Sl 32,10; Sl 33,22; Sl 36,8; Sl 36,11; Sl 42,9; Sl 44,27; Sl 48,10; Sl 59,17; Sl 66,20; Sl 85,8; Sl 90,14; Sl 94,18; Sl 107,8; Sl 107,15; Sl 107,21; Sl 107,31; Sl 143,8; Sl 143,12; Job 37,13; Rut 1,8; Rut 2,20 men should trust in it Sl 13,6; Sl 52,10 rejoice in it Sl 31,8 hope in it Sl 33,18; Sl 147,11.
\ \ b. in preservation of life from death Sl 6,5; Sl 86,13; Job 10,12.
\ \ c. in quickening of spiritual life Sl 109,26; Sl 119,41; Sl 119,76; Sl 119,88; Sl 119,124; Sl 119,149; Sl 119,159.
\ \ d. in redemption from sin Sl 25,7; Sl 51,3.
\ \ e. in keeping the covenants, with Abraham Mik 7,20 with Moses and Israel שׁמר הַבְּרִית וְ(הַ)חֶסֶד keep-eth the covenant and the lovingkindness 5 Mos 7,9; 5 Mos 7,12; 1 Kong 8,23 = 2 Kron 6,14; Neh 1,5; Neh 9,32; Dan 9,4 with David and his dynasty 2 Sam 7,15 = 1 Kron 17,13; 2 Sam 22,51 = Sl 18,51, 1 Kong 3,6 (twice in verse) = 2 Kron 1,8; Sl 89,29; Sl 89,34 with the wife Zion Es 54,10.
2. חֶסֶד is grouped with other divine attributes: חסד ואמת kindness (lovingkindness) and fidelity 1 Mos 24,27 (J), Sl 25,10; Sl 41,11; Sl 40,12; Sl 57,4; Sl 61,8; Sl 85,11; Sl 89,15; Sl 115,1; Sl 138,2 ואמת עם ׳עשׂה ח 2 Sam 2,6; 2 Sam 15,20 (ᵐ5, see Dr); with אֶתֿ 1 Mos 24,49 ואמת ׳רַב ח 2 Mos 34,6 (JE), Sl 86,15 also || אמת Mik 7,20; Sl 26,3; Sl 117,2 || אֱמוּנָה Sl 88,12; Sl 89,3; Sl 92,3 ׳אמונה וח Sl 89,25 ואמונה ׳ח Sl 98,3 || רחמים Sl 77,9 ורחמים ׳ח Jer 16,5; Hos 2,21; Sl 103,4 ומשׁפט ׳ח Jer 9,23; Sl 101,1 || צדקה Sl 36,11 ׳טוב וח Sl 23,6.
3. the kindness of God is
\ \ a. abundant: רַבחֶֿסֶד abundant, plenteous in kindness (goodness) 4 Mos 14,18 (J), Neh 9,17 (Qr), Joel 2,13; Jon 4,2; Sl 86,5; Sl 103,8 (compare 2 Mos 34,6 J E; Sl 86,15); רֹב חַסְדְּךָ Neh 13,22; Sl 5,8; Sl 69,14; Sl 106,7 (ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Aq Targan, to be preferred to ᵑ0 חֲסָדֶיךָ); רֹב חֲסָדָו֯ Klg 3,32; Sl 106,45 (Kt ᵐ5 in both to be preferred).
\ \ b. great in extent: ׳נֹּדֶל חִ greatness of thy mercy 4 Mos 14,19 (J); ׳נְּדָו֯וֺלחֿ Sl 145,8 it is kept for thousands 2 Mos 34,7 (JE), Jer 32,18, especially of those connected with lovers of ׳י, 2 Mos 20,6 = 5 Mos 5,10 for 1000 generations 5 Mos 7,9 it is great as the heavens Sl 57,11; Sl 103,11, compare Sl 36,6; Sl 108,5 the earth is full of it Sl 33,5; Sl 119,64.
\ \ c. everlasting: לעולם חסדוֺ Jer 33,11; 1 Kron 16,34; 1 Kron 16,41; 2 Kron 5,13; 2 Kron 7,3; 2 Kron 7,6; 2 Kron 20,21; Ezr 3,11; Sl 100,5; Sl 106,1; Sl 107,1; Sl 118,1; Sl 118,2; Sl 118,3; Sl 118,4; Sl 118,29; Sl 136,1 (26 t.); חסדךָ לעולם Sl 138,8 מעולם ׳ח ועד עולם Sl 103,17 עולם ׳ח Es 54,8 אל כּל ׳ח היום Sl 52,3.
\ \ d. good: כִּיטֿוֺב חַסְדְּךָ Sl 69,17; Sl 109,21 כי טוב חסדךָ מחיים Sl 63,4.
\ \ a. abundant: רַבחֶֿסֶד abundant, plenteous in kindness (goodness) 4 Mos 14,18 (J), Neh 9,17 (Qr), Joel 2,13; Jon 4,2; Sl 86,5; Sl 103,8 (compare 2 Mos 34,6 J E; Sl 86,15); רֹב חַסְדְּךָ Neh 13,22; Sl 5,8; Sl 69,14; Sl 106,7 (ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Aq Targan, to be preferred to ᵑ0 חֲסָדֶיךָ); רֹב חֲסָדָו֯ Klg 3,32; Sl 106,45 (Kt ᵐ5 in both to be preferred).
\ \ b. great in extent: ׳נֹּדֶל חִ greatness of thy mercy 4 Mos 14,19 (J); ׳נְּדָו֯וֺלחֿ Sl 145,8 it is kept for thousands 2 Mos 34,7 (JE), Jer 32,18, especially of those connected with lovers of ׳י, 2 Mos 20,6 = 5 Mos 5,10 for 1000 generations 5 Mos 7,9 it is great as the heavens Sl 57,11; Sl 103,11, compare Sl 36,6; Sl 108,5 the earth is full of it Sl 33,5; Sl 119,64.
\ \ c. everlasting: לעולם חסדוֺ Jer 33,11; 1 Kron 16,34; 1 Kron 16,41; 2 Kron 5,13; 2 Kron 7,3; 2 Kron 7,6; 2 Kron 20,21; Ezr 3,11; Sl 100,5; Sl 106,1; Sl 107,1; Sl 118,1; Sl 118,2; Sl 118,3; Sl 118,4; Sl 118,29; Sl 136,1 (26 t.); חסדךָ לעולם Sl 138,8 מעולם ׳ח ועד עולם Sl 103,17 עולם ׳ח Es 54,8 אל כּל ׳ח היום Sl 52,3.
\ \ d. good: כִּיטֿוֺב חַסְדְּךָ Sl 69,17; Sl 109,21 כי טוב חסדךָ מחיים Sl 63,4.
4. plural mercies, deeds of kindness, the historic displays of lovingkindness to Israel: shewn to Jacob 1 Mos 32,11 (R); but mostly late Es 63,7; Sl 25,6; Sl 89,2 כְּרֹב חסִדיו Es 63,7, see 3 a; promised in the Davidic covenant Psalm Es 89,50 חַסְדֵי דָוִיד mercies to David Es 55,3; 2 Kron 6,42 mercies in general Klg 3,22; Sl 17,7; Sl 107,43f. — חֶסֶד in proper name, masculine ׳בןחֿ see below בֵּן. On 3 Mos 20,17; Ord 14,34 see חֶסֶד below II. חסד.
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חֶ֫סֶד BDB2970
II. חֶ֫סֶד noun masculine shame, reproach, only absolute: — הוּא ׳ח 3 Mos 20,17 (H) it is a shame (shameful thing); לְאֻמִּים חַטָּאת ׳ח Ord 14,34 sin is a reproach to peoples.
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Alle 241 vers
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Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.