חָרַשׁ
Engelsk be silent, dumb, speechless
I GT 74 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
II. [חָרֵשׁ]
verb 1. be silent, dumb, speechless;
2. be deaf; chiefly poet. (Late Hebrew Pi`el make deaf; Aramaic , be dumb, deaf; Arabic be dumb, speechless, compare Assyrian —arâšu, restrain, according to DlPr 100; see LagBN 120) —
Qal Imperfect יֶחֱרָ֑שׁ Sl 50,3 2 masculine singular תֶּחֱרַשׁ Sl 28,1; Sl 83,2 תֶּחֱרַ֑שׁ Sl 35,22; Sl 109,1 תֶּחֱרָ֑שׁ Sl 39,13 3 feminine plural תֶּחֱרַ֑שְׁנָה Mik 7,16 —
1. be silent, always of God's keeping silence when men pray Sl 35,22; Sl 50,3; Sl 83,2; Sl 109,1 followed by אֶלֿ Sl 39,13.
2. be deaf, subject ׳י, followed by מִמֶּנִּי Sl 28,1 subject אָזְנַיִם Mik 7,16. Hiph`il Perfect חֶחֱרִשׁ 4 Mos 30,15; 1 Mos 34,5 יְחֶחֱרִישׁ consecutive 4 Mos 30,5; 4 Mos 30,8 וְהֶחֱרִשׁ consecutive 4 Mos 30,12 הֶחֱרַ֫שְׁתִּי Est 7,4 + 2 t. etc.; Imperfect יַחֲרִישׁ 4 Mos 30,15 + 2 t. (including Sef 3,17 see below); 2 masculine singular תַּחֲרִישׁ Hab 1,13 jussive תַּחְרֵשׁ 1 Sam 7,8 2 masculine plural תַּחֲרִישׁוּן Job 13,5 תַּחֲרִשׁוּן 2 Mos 14,14, etc.; Imperative הַחֲרֵשׁ Dom 18,19 + 2 t.; הַחֲרִ֫ישִׁי 2 Sam 13,20 הַחֲרִ֫ישׁוּ Job 13,13; Es 41,1 Infinitive absolute הַחֲרֵשׁ 4 Mos 30,15 + 2 t.; Participle מַחֲרִישׁ 1 Mos 24,21 + 2 t. (including 1 Sam 10,27 see below); מַחֲרִישִׁים 2 Sam 19,11 —
1. be silent (= exhibit silence)
\ \ a. almost always of men 1 Mos 24,21; 1 Mos 34,5; 2 Mos 14,14 (all J), Dom 18,19; 2 Sam 13,20; 2 Sam 19,11; 2 Kong 18,36 = Es 36,21; Jer 4,19; Job 6,24; Job 13,5 (twice in verse); Job 13,19; Job 33,31; Job 33,33; Ord 11,12; Ord 17,28; Sl 32,3; Neh 5,8; Est 4,14 (twice in verse); Est 7,4 also וַיְהִי כְּמַחֲרִישׁ 1 Sam 10,27 (but read rather ויהי כְּמֵחֹדֶשׁ and it came to pass after about a month, ᵐ5 Dr); יחרישׁ באהבתו Sef 3,17 (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 יְחַדֵּשׁ he will renew his love, see especially BuhlZAW see 1885, 183); ׳ח with לְ person keep silence at one, i.e. fail to make objection at proper time 4 Mos 30,5; 4 Mos 30,8; 4 Mos 30,12; 4 Mos 30,15 (3 t. in verse) (all P); אלי ׳הח Es 41,1 pregnantly = come silently unto me; followed by מִן person cease to speak with Jer 38,27 be silent about, pass by in silence, followed by accusative בַּדָּיו ׳אח Job 41,4.
\ \ b. rarely of God, permitting evil in silence Hab 1,13; Es 42,14; Sl 50,21.
\ \ a. almost always of men 1 Mos 24,21; 1 Mos 34,5; 2 Mos 14,14 (all J), Dom 18,19; 2 Sam 13,20; 2 Sam 19,11; 2 Kong 18,36 = Es 36,21; Jer 4,19; Job 6,24; Job 13,5 (twice in verse); Job 13,19; Job 33,31; Job 33,33; Ord 11,12; Ord 17,28; Sl 32,3; Neh 5,8; Est 4,14 (twice in verse); Est 7,4 also וַיְהִי כְּמַחֲרִישׁ 1 Sam 10,27 (but read rather ויהי כְּמֵחֹדֶשׁ and it came to pass after about a month, ᵐ5 Dr); יחרישׁ באהבתו Sef 3,17 (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 יְחַדֵּשׁ he will renew his love, see especially BuhlZAW see 1885, 183); ׳ח with לְ person keep silence at one, i.e. fail to make objection at proper time 4 Mos 30,5; 4 Mos 30,8; 4 Mos 30,12; 4 Mos 30,15 (3 t. in verse) (all P); אלי ׳הח Es 41,1 pregnantly = come silently unto me; followed by מִן person cease to speak with Jer 38,27 be silent about, pass by in silence, followed by accusative בַּדָּיו ׳אח Job 41,4.
\ \ b. rarely of God, permitting evil in silence Hab 1,13; Es 42,14; Sl 50,21.
2. once causat. make silent, with accusative Job 11,3.
3. be deaf, shew deafness: אַלֿ תַּחֲרֵשׁ מִמֶּנּוּ מִזְּעֹק 1 Sam 7,8 be not deaf (turning) from us, so as not to cry.
**Hithpa`el Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיִּתְחָֽרְשׁוּ Dom 16,2 and they kept quiet.
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חָרַשׁ BDB3181
I. [חָרַשׁ] verb cut in, engrave, plough, devise (Late Hebrew id., plough, so Eth Phoenician חרש, Aramaic (rare) חֲרַת engrave, cleave, plough, Arabic plough) —
Qal Perfect חָֽרְשׁוּ Sl 129,3, חֲרַשְׁתֶּם Dom 14,18; Hos 10,13 Imperfect יַחֲרשׁ Es 28,24; Ord 20,4 יַחֲרוֺשׁ Hos 10,11+ Amos 6,12 (see below); 2 masculine singular תַּחֲרשׁ 5 Mos 22,10; Ord 3,29 Infinitive construct חֲרשׁ 1 Sam 8,12 Participle חֹרֵשׁ 1 Mos 4,22 + 5 t.; חוֺרֵשׁ Amos 9,13 plural חֹרְשִׁים Sl 129,3, חֹרְשֵׁי Job 4,8 + 3 t., feminine plural absolute חֹרְשׁוֺת Job 1,14 passive חֲרוּשָׁה Jer 17,1: —
1. cut in, engrave, of worker in metals נְחשֶׁת וּבַרְזֶל ׳ח 1 Mos 4,22 (J), נחשׁת ׳ח 1 Kong 7,14 figurative עַללֿוּחַ לִבָּם ׳ח Jer 17,1 engraved on the tablet of their heart.
2. plough, literally, human subject (animal usually with בְּ), no object expressed 1 Kong 19,19; 5 Mos 22,10; Es 28,24, so יַחֲרוֺשׁ בבקרים Amos 6,12 (but read probably יֵחָרֵשׁ בבקר יָם, see We and others); with accusative of congnate meaning with verb חֲרִישׁוֺ ׳ח 1 Sam 8,12 plough his ploughing (= do his ploughing), Ord 20,4 figurative of Judah Hos 10,11 with ethical reference רֶשַׁע ׳ח vHos 10,13 (|| קצר), אָוֶן ׳ח Job 4,8 (|| זרע, קצר); עַלגַּֿבִּי חָֽרְשׁוּ חֹרְשִׁים Sl 129,3 upon my back have ploughmen ploughed (figurative of oppression by wicked); חֹרֵשׁ = ploughman Es 28,24; Amos 9,13 (|| קוֺצֵר); ׳ח with oxen subject only Job 1,14.
3. devise (as one who works in, practises), usually bad sense, object רָעָה Ord 3,29, רַע Ord 6,14 מַחְשְׁבוֺת אָוֶן vOrd 6,18, חֹרְשֵׁירַע Ord 12,20; Ord 14,22 but also חֹרְשֵׁי טוֺב vOrd 14,22. Niph`al Imperfect 3 feminine singular צִיּוֺן שָׂדֶה תֵּחָרֵשׁ Mik 3,12 Zion, as a field she shall be ploughed = Jer 26,18. Hiph`il Participle מַחֲרִישׁ רָעָה עַלֿ 1 Sam 23,9 fabricating mischief against (see Dr, and compare We).
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Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.