חִנָּם

חִנָּם substantive, used chiefly in the accusative as adverb (compare Assyrian annáma, in vain, Dl^{K 7, Pr 44}; from הֵּן, with aff. םָ֯, which is sometimes found in substantives proper, as סֻלָּם, and proper names, but is more particularly used with substantives applied adverbially, as יוֺמָם אָמְנָם, דּוּמָם, רֵיקָם: Sta^{§ 203} Ba^{NB § 216}) — literally out of favour; i.e.
\ \ a. gratis, gratuitously, for nothing, עָבַד חִנָּם to serve for nought 1 Mos 29,15; Job 1,9; Es 52,3 to be sold (figurative) for nought vEs 52,5; 2 Mos 21,2; 2 Mos 21,11 יָצָא חִנָּם to go out(from slavery) freely, for nothing, 4 Mos 11,5 which we used to eat in Egyptian for nought, Jer 22,13; 1 Kron 21,24 in the genitive 2 Sam 24,24 עֹלוֺת חִנָּם i.e. burnt-offerings which cost nothing (in the || 1 Kron 21,24 the construction is changed).
\ \ b. for no purpose, in vain Ord 1,17; Mal 1,10: once אֶל חִנָּם (compare אֶל 7) Ezk 6,10.
\ \ c. gratuitously, without cause, undeservedly, especially of groundless hostility or attack, 1 Sam 19,5 לְהָמִית חִנָּם to slay David without cause, 1 Sam 25,31; Sl 35,7 (twice in verse); Sl 109,3; Sl 119,161 רְדָפוּנִי חִנָּם, Ord 1,11; Ord 3,30; Ord 23,29; Job 2,3 ׳לְבַלְּעוֺ ח Job 9,17; Job 22,6; Ezk 14,23; Sl 35,19 and Sl 69,5 שׂנְאַי חִנָּם my haters without cause, Klg 3,52 אֹיְבַי חִנָּם; in the genitive 1 Kong 2,31 דְּמֵי חִנָּם blood shed without cause (compare 1 Sam 25,31), Ord 24,28 ׳אֲלתְּֿהִי עֵד ח בְּרֵעֶ֑ךָ, Ord 26,2 ׳קִלְלַת ח the causeless curse.