נָכָה

Niph`al Perfect וְנִכָּה וָמֵת consecutive 2 Sam 11,15 and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die.

1. a. literally, smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike, followed by accusative, ass 4 Mos 22,23; 4 Mos 22,25; 4 Mos 22,27 (בְּמַקֵּל), v4 Mos 22,28 v4 Mos 22,32 (all J); man 2 Mos 21,15; 2 Mos 21,19 (E); cheeks Job 16,10 man (on) cheek (2 accusative) Klg 3,30; Sl 3,8 man עַללְֿחִי Mik 4,14 (ב instrumental), 1 Kong 22,24 = 2 Kron 18,23 eye 2 Mos 21,26 (E); שֵׁבֶט מַכֵּךְ Es 14,29 (figurative of conqueror); with (בׅ stone or fist 2 Mos 21,18 (E), compare (figurative) Es 58,4 (absolute); smite lion or bear 1 Sam 17,35 strike river (with rod מַטֶּה) 1 Sam 7,17 (with עַל object, + ב instrumental), v1 Sam 7,20; 2 Mos 17,5 (E; ב instrumental), also (with mantle) 2 Kong 2,8; 2 Kong 2,14 (twice in verse), compare ׳י smiting Euphrates into (לׅ seven streams Es 11,15 dust 2 Mos 8,12; 2 Mos 8,13 (P); rock 2 Mos 17,6 (E), 4 Mos 20,11 (P; ב instrumental), Sl 78,20 figurative smite earth בְּשֵׁבֶט פִּיו Es 11,4 (of future Davidic king); strike on ground (אַ֫רְצָה; with arrows) 2 Kong 13,18, also (absolute) v2 Kong 13,18 v2 Kong 13,19 strike weapons out of (מִן) hands, Ezk 39,3 (׳י; figurative of making powerless); lintel of door Amos 9,1 barley-loaf strikes tent Dom 7,13 (in dream); in figure of regret, remorse וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֺ 2 Sam 24,10 and David's heart smote him, so 1 Sam 24,6 (+ עַלאֲֿשֶׁר because); of goat smiting (butting with horn) the ram, so as to break its horns Dan 8,7 (in vision); smite = hit with missile, sling-stone 1 Sam 17,49 (with accusative of person + אֶלמִֿצְחוֺ), compare 2 Kong 3,25 (but text perhaps corrupt, see Benz); arrow, 1 Kong 22,34 = 2 Kron 18,33 (with accusative of person + בֵּין), 2 Kong 9,24 (c. id.); of piercing, הַכּוֺת בַּחֲנִית בְּדָוִד וּבַקִּיר 1 Sam 19,10 smite with the dart into David and into the wall, pin David to the wall, בַּקִּיר ׳וַיַּךְ אֶתהַֿח v1 Sam 19,10, compare 1 Sam 18,11, אַכֶּנּוּ בַחֲנִית וּבָאָרֶץ 1 Sam 26,8.
\ \ b. smite repeatedly, beat, a man 2 Mos 2,11; 2 Mos 2,13 (E), 2 Mos 5,16 (J), Neh 13,25 (מִן partitive), compare 5 Mos 25,11 here probably also 1 Kong 20,35 (twice in verse); 1 Kong 20,37 (twice in verse) (הַכֵּה וּפָצֹעַ beating and bruising him); of Assyria under figure of taskmaster Es 10,24 beat a woman so as to bruise her (פָּצַע) Hoj 5,7 beat by authority, scourge Jer 20,2; Jer 37,15; 5 Mos 25,2; 5 Mos 25,3 (with accusative of person + accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַכָּה רַבָּה), v5 Mos 25,3 compare כִּן הַכּוֺת v5 Mos 25,2 i.e. worthy of scourging, bastinado, (compare Dr); 2 Kron 25,16; Ord 17,10; Ord 19,25; Ord 23,13; Ord 23,14 (ב instrumental); compare גֵּוִי נָחַתִּי לְמַכִּים Es 50,6 of hail, beat down herbage etc. 2 Mos 9,25 (twice in verse) (compare Pu`al).
\ \ c. וַיַּכּוּ כַף 2 Kong 11,12 and they clapped hands (in applause); elsewhere only Ezek., in mockery; כַּף אֶלכַּֿף Ezk 21,19; Ezk 21,22 בְּכַפְּךָ Ezk 6,11 (|| רְקַּע בְּרַגְלְךָ; accusative כַּפִּי Ezk 22,13.
\ \ d. give a thrust (with fork) into (ב) pot 1 Sam 2,14 strike roots Hos 14,6 (in figurative, but וַיֵּלְכוּ We Now).
\ \ e. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound 1 Kong 8,28, so (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַכָּה) v1 Kong 8,29; 1 Kong 9,18 = 2 Kron 22,6 figurative of ׳י's wounding Israel Hos 6,1 (opposed to חָבַשׁ bind up), Jer 30,14 (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb). compare smite with (ב) the tongue Jer 18,18. feminine smite, of sun, etc., with accusative of person Es 49,10; Sl 121,6 with עַל Jon 4,8.

2. Smite fatally:
\ \ a. (subject man) smite, with accusative, + word of killing (dying): — object lion and bear 1 Sam 17,35 man 2 Mos 21,12; 2 Mos 21,20 (E), Jos 10,26 (JE), Jos 11,17 (D), 1 Sam 17,50; 2 Sam 1,15; 2 Sam 2,31 (מִן partitive + ב among), 2 Sam 4,7; 2 Sam 14,6; 2 Sam 18,15; 2 Sam 21,17; 1 Kong 16,10; 2 Kong 12,22; 2 Kong 15,30; 2 Kong 25,21 = Jer 52,27; 2 Kong 25,25; Jer 41,2; 4 Mos 35,16; 4 Mos 35,17; 4 Mos 35,18; 4 Mos 35,21 (P; all with ב instrumental); with accusative + אֶלחֹֿמֶשׁ + ב instrumental 2 Sam 2,23 smote him (fatally) in the belly with (on text see HPS), 2 Sam 20,10, compare 2 Sam 3,27; 2 Sam 4,6 (but strike out ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr Bu HPS); וְהִכָּהוּ נֶפֶשׁ 5 Mos 19,11 and he smite him in his life (mortally), and he die, compare (without word of dying) v5 Mos 19,6; 1 Mos 37,21 (J), Jer 40,14; Jer 40,15 [otherwise 3 Mos 24,17; 3 Mos 24,18; 3 Mos 35,15; 3 Mos 35,30; Jos 20,3; Jos 20,9]; with prolepsis לְהַכּוֺת חֲלָלִים smite the slain Dom 20,31; Dom 20,39 + אַ֫רְצָה smite to the ground i.e. kill 2 Sam 2,22; 2 Sam 18,11.
\ \ b. smite, of worm gnawing or boring so as to kill plant Jon 4,7.
\ \ c. very often = kill, slay, man or beast (c. 150 t.): 1 Mos 4,15; 1 Mos 8,21 (exterminate; both J), 2 Mos 2,12; 4 Mos 21,35 (E), Jos 7,5 (מִן partitive), vJos 7,5 (JE), 5 Mos 19,6; 5 Mos 21,1; 5 Mos 27,24; 5 Mos 27,25; Jos 11,10 (ב instrumental; all D), 3 Mos 24,17; 3 Mos 24,18; 3 Mos 24,21 (twice in verse) (H), 4 Mos 35,11; 4 Mos 35,15; 4 Mos 35,21; 4 Mos 35,24; 4 Mos 35,30; Jos 9,18; Jos 20,3; Jos 20,9 (all P), Dom 15,16; 1 Sam 17,9 (twice in verse); 1 Sam 17,36; 2 Sam 12,9 (ב instrumental), 2 Kong 9,7 (exterminate), etc.; with ב among 1 Sam 23,5, מִן partitive Dom 14,19; Dom 20,45 with ב partitive slay at, work slaughter among 2 Sam 23,10 (insert also in || 1 Kron 11,13 see Be^{on the passage} Dr^{2 Sam 23,10}), but also ב of direct object 1 Sam 18,7; 1 Sam 21,12; 1 Sam 29,5 subject lion 1 Kong 20,36 (twice in verse) compare Jer 5,6 (figurative of judgment); ׳י subject 1 Sam 6,19b (ב among, + accusative of congnate meaning with verb; 1 Sam 6,19 a וַיַּךְ corrupt see ᵐ5 Th We Dr Kl Kit Bu HPS); slay firstborn 2 Mos 12,2 (J), v2 Mos 12,29; 4 Mos 3,13; 4 Mos 8,17; 4 Mos 33,4 (all P), Sl 78,51; Sl 105,36; Sl 135,8 God slays for (עַל) sin 2 Sam 6,7 = 1 Kron 13,10 (עַלאֲֿשֶׁר); slay לְפִיחֶֿרֶב 5 Mos 13,16; 5 Mos 20,13; (all D), Dom 18,27; Dom 21,10; 1 Sam 22,9; 2 Kong 10,25; Jer 21,7; Job 1,15; Job 1,17 kill, slay, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb (מַכָּה) 1 Sam 14,14; 1 Kong 20,21 (ב among), 2 Kron 13,17 (בָּהֶם), 2 Kron 25,13 (מֵהֶם); with accusative of person + accusative of congnate meaning with verb Jos 10,20 (JE), Est 9,5, etc.; kill unwittingly, unintentionally הִכָּה בִבְלִי דַ֫עַת 5 Mos 19,4; Jos 20,5 (both D).

3. Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company 1 Mos 32,9; 1 Mos 32,12; 1 Mos 34,30; Jos 8,21; Dom 8,11; Dom 9,43; 2 Kong 8,21; 2 Kron 21,9 attack and capture a city Dom 1,8 vDom 1,12 = Jos 15,16 (JE), Jos 7,3; Jos 10,4 (JE), 1 Sam 30,1; 1 Kong 15,20 = 2 Kron 16,4; 2 Kong 15,16 (twice in verse); 1 Kron 20,1; 2 Kron 14,13; Jer 47,1 tents 1 Kron 4,41; 2 Kron 14,14 = sack a city לְפִיחֶֿרֶב (slaying inhabitants), Jos 8,24; Jos 19,47 (both J E), Jos 10,28; Jos 10,30; Jos 10,32; Jos 10,35; Jos 10,37 compare vJos 10,39 (all D), Dom 1,25; Dom 20,37; 2 Sam 15,14 especially defeat king or army (involving often overthrow, pursuit and slaughter), — approximately 95 t., — 1 Mos 14,5; 1 Mos 14,15; 1 Mos 14,17; 4 Mos 14,45; 4 Mos 21,24 (JE), Jos 8,12; Jos 10,10 (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb), vJos 10,10 (עַד location), Jos 11,8 (twice in verse) (all J E), 5 Mos 1,4; 5 Mos 2,33; 5 Mos 3,3; 5 Mos 4,46; 5 Mos 7,2; 5 Mos 29,6; Jos 10,33; Jos 10,40 (מִןו֯עד location), Jos 12,1; Jos 12,6; Jos 12,12; Jos 13,12 (all D); Dom 1,5; Dom 1,17; 1 Sam 11,11 (עד temporal), 1 Kong 13,17 (עַדכַּֿלֵּה), 2 Kong 3,24a + v2 Kong 3,24b (where read וַיָּבֹאוּ בוֺא וְהַכּוֺת and they went on defeating), Es 10,20; Jer 37,10, etc.; insert וַיַּךְ or הִכָּה in 2 Sam 8,13 Th Ke Kit Bu compare Dr, after ᵐ5; with ב object 1 Sam 14,31; 1 Sam 23,2 (twice in verse) (ה locative — מִן); + לְפִי חֶרֶב Dom 20,48, etc.; of gods causing defeat 2 Kron 28,23 smite land = conquer, subjugate, sometimes ravage, 1 Mos 14,7; Jos 10,40 (D), 1 Sam 27,9; Jer 43,11; Jer 46,13, compare Es 14,6 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb); subject ׳י 4 Mos 32,4 (P); of ׳י smiting sea וְהִכָּה בַיָּם גַּלִּים Zak 10,11 (Bev^{JPhoenician xviii. 35 (1889), 88} proposes גבלים).

4. Of God,
\ \ a. smite with (ב) a plague, disease, etc.: — blindness 1 Mos 19,11 (J), 2 Kong 6,18 (twice in verse) compare Zak 12,4 (twice in verse) (symbolic); of Egyptian plagues 2 Mos 3,20; 2 Mos 9,15 (both J), 1 Sam 4,8, without ב 2 Mos 7,25 (J), 2 Mos 12,13 (P), Sl 136,10 (accusative + בִּבְכוֺרֵיהֶם); other plagues 4 Mos 14,12 (JE), 5 Mos 28,22; 5 Mos 28,27; 5 Mos 28,28; 5 Mos 28,35; 1 Sam 5,6; 2 Sam 24,17; Job 2,7; Amos 4,9; Hag 2,17; Mal 3,24 without ב, 1 Sam 5,9; 2 Kong 19,35 = Es 37,26; 4 Mos 11,33 (J E; בָּעָם + accusative of congnate meaning with verb); smite vines with (ב) blight Sl 105,33.
\ \ b. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon, usually with accusative, 1 Kong 14,15; 1 Kron 21,7; Es 5,25; Es 9,12; Es 27,7 (הַכְּמַכַּת מַכֵּהוּ הִכָּהוּ), Es 30,31 (ב instrumental) Es 57,17; Es 60,10 (opposed to רִחַם) Jer 2,30; Jer 5,3; Jer 14,9; Ezk 32,15 (ᵐ5 Co זֵרָה scatter); with עִל punish for, (sin) 3 Mos 26,24 (H).
\ \ c. of God's destroying palaces Amos 3,15; Amos 6,11 (2 accusative), compare Zak 9,4.

1. = receive a blow Es 1,5 (Judah under figure of man).

2. be wounded Zak 13,6.

3. be beaten 2 Mos 5,14; 2 Mos 5,16 (J).

4. be (fatally) smitten + verb of dying 2 Mos 22,1 (E); be killed, slain 4 Mos 25,14 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 25,15; 4 Mos 25,18 (with עַל, for), מֻכֵּיחֶֿרֶב Jer 18,21 (|| הֲרֻגֵי מָ֑וֶת); so also (absolute) probably 1 Sam 4,2 (read וַיֻּכּוּ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Th Dr Klo Kit, for ᵑ0 וַיַּכּוּ).

5. be attacked and captured, of city Ezk 33,21; Ezk 40,1.

6. be smitten with disease (by God) 1 Sam 5,12 absolute, of ׳י's servant Es 53,4.

7. be blighted, of plant (in figurative) Hos 9,16 (Ehpraimitic source), Sl 102,5 (heart, כָּעֵשֶׂב; both + יָבַשׁ).