שָׂרַף

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׂ Jos 11,9 +, 3 feminine singular suffix שְׂרָפָ֫חַם Es 47,14, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׂרֹף 4 Mos 19,5 + 2 t., more often וַיִּשְׂרֹף 2 Mos 32,20 +, 2 masculine plural תִּשְׂרְפוּן 5 Mos 7,5 + 2 t.; Infinitive absolute שָׂרוֺף 2 Sam 23,7 construct שְׂרֹף Jer 36,25 +; suffix שָׂרְפוֺ Dom 9,52; Amos 2,1 Participle active שׂרֵף 3 Mos 16,28; 4 Mos 19,8, plural שׂרְפִים 2 Kong 17,31 passive masculine plural שְׂרֻפִים 4 Mos 17,4 feminine singular שְׂרוּפָה 1 Sam 30,3, שְׂרֻפָה Sl 80,17, plural שְׂרוּפוֺת Neh 3,24, construct שְׂרֻפוֺת Es 1,7 — burn (59 t. + בָּאֵשׁ, 2 t. + בְּמוֺאֵֿשׁ):

1. in making bricks, + לִשְׂרֵפָה 1 Mos 11,3 (J; object omitted).

2. a. with accusative of thing, usually to destroy, e.g. door Dom 9,52, house Dom 12,1; 1 Kong 16,18 (both with עַל person), Jer 39,8 + 11 t., compare passive participle Neh 3,24, city Jos 6,24; 1 Sam 30,1; 1 Sam 30,14 + 16 t., compare passive participle 1 Sam 30,3; Es 1,7, chariots Jos 11,6; Jos 11,9; 2 Kong 23,11; Sl 46,10 (subject ׳י), idols, etc., 2 Mos 32,20 (accusative omitted), 5 Mos 9,21 + 10 t., roll Jer 36,25; Jer 36,27; Jer 36,28; Jer 36,29; Jer 36,32, wood Es 44,16; Es 44,19 (both + בְּמוֺאֵֿשׁ), compare Sl 80,17 (figurative), Jer 51,32, hair Ezk 5,4 bones, to lime (as outrage) Amos 2,1 upon altars (in desecration) 1 Kong 13,2; 1 Kong 23,16; 1 Kong 23,20 = 2 Kron 34,5 bodies, as funeral rite 1 Sam 31,12 (rare custom, RS^{Semitic i. 353; 2nd ed. 372}; but Klo Bu read יִשְׂפְּדוּ [= ׳יִס]; compare Benz^{Archaeology 163}; Ency. Bib. DEAD Now^{Archaeology i. 188}); ׳שׂ as funeral rite also (object omitted, probably spices, compare 2 Kron 16,14), with ל person mort. Jer 34,5, + accusative of congnate meaning with verb שְׂרֵפָה 2 Kron 16,14 (compare שְׂרֵפָה); in ceremonial of P (never of burning sacrifice on altar, הִקְטִיר, compare הֶעְֶלֶה, but) chiefly (14 t.) of consuming refuse, especially unused portions of victims, etc. (to prevent use), and infected objects, 2 Mos 29,14; 2 Mos 29,34 +, sometimes מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה 3 Mos 4,12 (+ עַעֵָֿצִים), v3 Mos 4,21 v3 Mos 4,21 + 4 t., etc., compare Ezk 43,21 also of burning red heifer (to produce ashes for purification) 4 Mos 19,5 (twice in verse); 4 Mos 19,3.
\ \ b. burn, with accusative of person, (1) as penalty Jos 7,25 (JE), Dom 14,15; Dom 15,6; 3 Mos 20,14, compare 4 Mos 17,4 (passive participle), so, אֵשׁ subject, Es 47,14, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb שְׂרֵפָה 3 Mos 10,6 (P); (2) as sacrifice, Jer 7,31; Jer 19,5 + ל dei 5 Mos 12,31; 2 Kong 17,31. Niph`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׂרֵף Jos 7,15 +, 3 feminine plural תִּשָּׂרַפְנָה Ord 6,27, etc.; — be burned (11 t. + בָּאֵשׁ): of city Jer 38,17 + vJer 38,23 (read תִּשָּׂרֵף for תִּשְׂרֹף ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Hi Ew Gf Gie Du), idols, etc., Mik 1,7; 1 Kron 14,12 ritually (compare Qal 2 a near the end) 3 Mos 4,12; 3 Mos 6,23; 3 Mos 7,17; 3 Mos 7,19; 3 Mos 13,52; 3 Mos 19,6 of person, as penalty 1 Mos 38,24 (J), Jos 7,15 (JE), 2 Sam 23,7 (poetry), 3 Mos 21,9 (H). Pi`el Participle suffix מְסָֽרְפוֺ Amos 6,10 his burner, usually one burning him, but probably burning spices for him, see Dr and compare Qal above Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular שֹׂרָ֑ף, of goat 3 Mos 10,16 it was burnt up (and gone).