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שָׁמַע

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Engelsk hear

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שָׁמַע1159 verb hear (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician שמע Lzb378; Assyrian šemû; Arabic ; Sabean סמע mostly in derivatives, especially epithet of divinity סמע he who hears HomChr 124 FellZMG liv (1900), 250, 252 DHMHofmus. No. 10, 1. 1; Ethiopic Aramaic שְׁמַע, , Old Aramaic שמע Lzb378; compare also משמעת MI28 obedience); —

Qal1052 Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ 1 Mos 24,52 +, שָׁמֵ֑עַ Jer 36,13 + 3 t.; 2 feminine singular שָׁמַ֫עַתְּ 1 Kong 1,11 + 2 t.; 3 plural שָׁמֵ֑עוּ Dom 2,17 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמַע 2 Mos 6,30 +, 1 singular cohortative אֶשְׁמְעָה 4 Mos 9,8, וָאֶשְׁמְָעָה (on ְָ֯ compare Ges«GKC:10h»§ 10h; Ol§ 65 c question reading) Dan 8,13 2 masculine plural תִּשְׁמְע֔וּן 5 Mos 8,20 +, תִּשְׁמָע֔וּן 5 Mos 1,17, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁמַע Amos 7,16 +, שִׁמְעָךְ Job 32,10 + (especially Psalms), שְׁמָ֨עָךְ֨ Dan 9,19 feminine plural שְׁמַעְנָה Es 32,9; Jer 9,19, שְׁמַ֫עַן 1 Mos 4,23 (Ges«GKC:46f»§ 46f), etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁמוֺעַ Es 6,9 +; construct שְׁמֹעַ 1 Sam 15,22 +; suffix שָׁמְעו 5 Mos 29,18 +, שָׁמְעָתוֺ Es 30,19 (1 Mos 18,10 + etc.; —
1. subject human person (or thing personified):
\ \ a. hear (perceive by ear), accusative of thing, especially קוֺל 1 Mos 3,10 (J) + 46 t., דבר(יםׅ Amos 8,11 + 50 t., etc.; accusative חָכְמָה i.e. wise sayings 1 Kong 5,14 + 4 t.; so any utterance or sound (approximately 150 t. in all) + (object omitted) 5 Mos 4,33 + 32 t. + (temporal clause) 1 Sam 14,27 + 6 t.; very rarely with ב, ׳בְּסוֺד י ׳שׁ Job 15,8 with object clause, ׳כִּ 2 Mos 4,31 + 52 t. + Es 39,1b (read ׳כִּי שׁ ᵐ5 ᵑ7 || 2 Kong 20,12), אֶתאֲֿשֶׁר Jos 2,10; Jos 5,1 (both RD), מַהֹֿ֯ Dom 7,11 +3 t.; without connect. אֹתָהּ ׳שׁ עָשִׂיתִי 2 Kong 19,25 = Es 37,26 singular oratio recta [direct speech] Es 40,28; Zak 8,23.
\ \ b. accusative of person + מְדַבֵּר hear one speaking 1 Mos 27,6 (J), Jer 26,7; Dan 8,13, so בֹּכֶה 4 Mos 11,10 (J), נִבָּא Jer 20,1 מְקַלְלֶ֑ךָ Praed 7,21 occas. pears. omitted, דֹּבְרִים 1 Mos 37,17 (JE), אֶתמִֿדַּבֵּר Ezk 2,2; Ezk 43,6 (see דבר Hithpa`el); accusative of person only Dan 12,7.
\ \ c. with לֵאמֹר only, hear say = hear it said, 1 Sam 13,4; 2 Sam 19,3; 5 Mos 13,13; Jos 22,11 (P), 1 Kong 16,16 + עַל person concerning 1 Mos 41,15 (E), Es 37,9 אֶל person id. 2 Kong 19,9.
\ \ d. hear of, concerning: (1) accusative of thing, אֵת(כָּלֿ)אֲשֶׁר 2 Mos 18,1; 2 Kong 19,11 + 5 t., דבר(יםׅ 1 Sam 3,11 + 4 t., רָעָה Jer 19,3 + 5 t., etc.; כַּאֲשֶׁר 1 Sam 23,11; Sl 48,9, כָּואֹת Es 66,8 hear of anything like this, כָּאֵלֶּךְ Jer 18,13 accusative, etc., omitted Dom 9,46 + 43 t.; (2) less often accusative of person Job 42,5, אֶל person Ezk 19,4, person omitted 5 Mos 9,2 with ב person hear exultantly of their fate Sl 92,12 (probably imitated from || הִכִּיט בְּ va; see especially ראךְ 8 a (6)).
\ \ e. hear, absolute, = have power to hear, 2 Sam 19,36 (with בְּקוֺל ), Es 21,3; Es 32,3; Ord 20,12; Zak 7,11 in simile Sl 38,15 with negative of idols 5 Mos 4,28; Sl 115,6 figurative (spiritual power) Jer 5,21; 5 Mos 29,8; Ezk 12,2; Es 42,20. — Ord 21,28 is probably corrupt, see Toy. feminine hear with attention, interest, listen to (sometimes || חֶאֱןין), חִקְשִׁיב accusative דבר(יםׅ (54 t.) Amos 4,1 +, especially ׳דבר(י) י 4 Mos 12,6 (JE) + 45 t.; אִמְרָה Es 28,23, קוֺל vEs 28,23, זאֹת Mik 3,9, etc.; often absolute Dom 5,3 + 57 t., + (negative) Sl 38,14 pay no attention; absolute לֵב שֹׁמֵעַ 1 Kong 3,9, אִישׁ שֹׁטֵעַ Ord 21,28.
\ \ g. understand (language), שָׂפָחךְ 1 Mos 11,7 (J), Es 33,19, לָשׁוֺן 5 Mos 28,49, דְּבָרִין Ezk 3,6, מַהיְּֿדַבֵּר Jer 5,15, no accusative 1 Mos 42,23 (E), 2 Kong 18,26 = Es 36,11.
\ \ h. specif of hearing a (judicial) casre, דָּבָר 5 Mos 1,17, compare v5 Mos 1,17 accusative omitted בֵּין person v5 Mos 1,16, of ׳י Dom 11,10 with מִשְׁפָּט 1 Kong 3,11 הִטּוֺב וְהָרֵע ׳לשׁ 2 Sam 14,17, וְשֹׁמֵע אֵין לְךָ 2 Sam 15,3, compare Job 31,35.
\ \ i. with accusative of person in polite address, hear us (me)! 1 Mos 23,6; 1 Mos 23,8; 1 Mos 23,11; 1 Mos 23,13; 1 Mos 23,15 (all P), 1 Kron 28,2; 2 Kron 13,4; 2 Kron 15,2; 2 Kron 20,20
\ \ j. listen, give heed (sometimes || הִקְשִׁיב), absolute, 1 Mos 42,21 (E) + 18: t., + (usually || הִטָּה אֹ׃ון), Jer 7,13 + 14 t. Jeremiah, + (opposed to חָדַל) Ezk 2,5 + 3 t. Ezekiel; + שִׂים עַללֵֿב Mal 2,2 hear + do 5 Mos 5,24; 2 Kong 18,12, etc.; = consent, agree, 1 Mos 37,27 (J), grant request Dom 11,17 with ל person (mostly late) Dom 19,25; 1 Sam 30,24; Job 15,17 + 16 t., ׳לי Hos 9,17; 3 Mos 26,14; 3 Mos 26,18; 3 Mos 26,21; 3 Mos 26,27 ׳לְדִבְרֵי י 1 Sam 15,1, לְעֵצָה Ord 12,15.
\ \ k. with אֶל person + listen to, yield to 1 Mos 49,2; Dom 2,17 + 69 t. (׳אֶליֿ 15 t., especially Jer 7,26 + 10 t. Jeremiah), עַל person 2 Kong 20,13 אֶלדִּֿבְרֵי etc., 5 Mos 18,19; Jer 29,10 + 14 t., עַלדִּֿבְרֵי etc., 2 Kong 22,13 + 3 t.; very rarely accusative of thing 1 Sam 24,10 (Gi v.1 Sam 24,9).
1. לְקוֺל ׳שׁ = id., obey, 1 Mos 3,17 (J) + 11 t. + (׳לְקוֺל י) Dom 2,20; 2 Mos 15,26 (JE). masculine very often, בְּקוֺל ׳שׁ = obey 1 Sam 8,7 + 25 t., + ׳שׁ ׳בְּקוֺל י (׳י's word, etc.) 5 Mos 4,30; Jer 3,13 + 65 t. (5 Mos 18,1–200 t., Jer 18,1–200 t.). noun obey, with accusative דבר(יםׅ Jos 1,18 + 2 t. + (׳י ׳ד) Jer 11,3 + 5 t. Jeremiah; 1 Kong 12,24 = 2 Kron 11,4, etc.; accusative of person 2 Mos 6,12 (P), 2 Kron 28,11.
\ \ o. absolutebe obedient (especially to ׳י) Es 1,19; Mik 5,14; Jer 12,17 + 4 t. Jeremiah + 7 t.
2. ׳י (God) subject:
\ \ a. accusative קוֺל, דברים, etc., 1 Mos 21,17 (E), 2 Kong 19,4 (twice in verse); 2 Kong 19,16, usually with favour implied 4 Mos 20,16; 5 Mos 33,7 +, so especially accusative תְּפִלָּה, תְּחנָּה, etc., 1 Kong 8,45; Sl 6,10 +.
\ \ b. object clause כִּי 1 Mos 29,33 (J).
\ \ c. no object (32 t.) Es 59,2; Jer 22,21, usually hear and foregive, help, etc 1 Kong 8,30; 1 Kong 8,32; Es 30,19 +; hear be angry Sl 78,59, compare Sl 55,20.
\ \ d. = be able to hear Es 59,1; Sl 94,9.
\ \ e. בְּקוֺל ׳שׁ = hear (and grant) 1 Mos 30,6 (J) + 6 t. femininehear and answer, with אֶל of city, etc., 1 Mos 21,7; 1 Mos 16,11; 1 Kong 8,28 + 8 t.; with אֶל person 5 Mos 3,36 + 12 t.
\ \ g. with לְ of utterance Jer 18,19; Sl 61,6 ל person Jos 24,10 (E).
\ \ h. hear, accusative of person + מִתְנוֺדֵד Jer 31,18 favourably, with accusative of person Mik 7,7 + 3 t., so, + ל concerning, 1 Mos 17,20 (P); object omitted 2 Kong 22,19; Sl 22,23 + 3 t. + Sl 34,7; Sl 34,18 (hear and deliver); with temporal clause Jer 11,14 Niph`al42 Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁמַע 1 Mos 45,16 +, etc; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁמַע 2 Mos 23,13 +, יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ 1 Sam 1,13, etc.; Infinitive construct הִשָּׁמַל Est 2,8 Participle feminine נִשְׁמַ֫עַת Jer 51,46, etc.; —
1. be heard, of voice, sound, etc., 1 Sam 1,13; 1 Kong 6,7; Job 26,14 (or 1 plural Qal Imperfect?); of a resort, ֗֗֗ לֵאמֹר ׳נִשׁ 1 Mos 45,16 (E); subject clause, ׳כִּ, Neh 6,1 (ל person), compare clauseוְהַיְהוּדִים חשְׁבִים Neh 6,6 vNeh 6,7 be reported, כַּדְּבָרִיס הָאֵלֶּה (לַמֶּלֶחׅ); be heard, לִפְנֵי אֱםהֶיךָ Dan 10,12.
2. be heard of, כָּמֹהוּ 5 Mos 4,32.
3. be regarded, obeyed, Praed 9,17 in 2 Sam 22,45 = Sl 18,45 it is be obedient (לִיׅ, si vera lectio (read perhaps Qal. compare Now).
4. בְּקוֺלָם ׳וַיִישּׁ 2 Kron 30,27 = (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice Pi`el Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיְשַׁמַּע 1 Sam 15,4 he caused the people (accusative) to hear and respond, i.e. he assembled them), so 1 Sam 23,8 (see Hiph`il 1 c). Hiph`il63 Perfect 3 masculine singular הִשְׁמִיעַ 1 Kong 15,22 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַשְׁמִעֵנִי 5 Mos 30,12; 5 Mos 30,13 2 masculine singular jussive תַּשְׁמַע Dom 18,23, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הִשְׁמִיעֵנִי Sl 143,8 feminine singular suffix הַשְׁמִיעִנִי Hoj 2,14; Hoj 8,13, etc.; Infinitive construct לַשְׁמִעַ Sl 26,7 (Ges«GKC:53q»§ 53q); Participle מַשְׁמִיעַ Jer 4,15 +, etc.; —
1. of man:
\ \ a. cause to hear accusative of person + of thing 5 Mos 30,12; 5 Mos 30,13; Hoj 2,14; Hoj 8,13 + 4 t.; object of thing omitted (= make proclamation to) 1 Kong 15,22 object person omitted Jer 5,20 +; accusative שָׁלוֺם Es 52,7; Nah 2,1 i.e. proclaimpeace; אָוֶֺן Jer 4,15 (מִן local); קוֺל ׳הַשׁ utter a sound Jos 6,10 (J; || הֵרִיעַ), compare Dom 18,25 (קוֺלְךָ, + עִמָּנוּ), Es 42,2; Es 58,4 קוֺל תְּהִלָּתוֺ ׳הִשׁ Sl 66,8 בְּקוֺל תּוֺדָה Sl 26,7.
\ \ b. absolute as musical term, sound aloud, בִּמְצִלְתַּיִם לְהִשְׁמִיעַ 1 Kron 15,19 (perhaps to mark the time, GrSl 67,1–200 De compare 1 Kron 16,5 also Sl 150,5 בְּצִלְצְלֵי שָׁ֑מַע), מַשְׁמִיעִים 1 Kron 15,16; 1 Kron 15,28; 1 Kron 16,42, קוֺל אֶחָד ׳לְהַשׁ 2 Kron 5,13 i.e. probably in unison (PrinceEB iii, 3241), Neh 12,42.
\ \ c. absolute make proclamation (often || הִגִּיד), Amos 3,9; Amos 4,5; Es 41,26; Jer 4,5 + 6 t. Jeremiah
\ \ d. הַשְׁמִיעוּ, accusative of person + אֶל location = summon Jer 50,29, עַל location Jer 51,27 (compare Pi`el).
2. ׳י subject:
\ \ a. cause to hear, accusative of person and thing 5 Mos 4,10; 5 Mos 4,36 (מִן local), 2 Kong 7,6 + 4 t.; accusative of person omitted Es 30,30 + 3 t.; accusative of thing omitted Es 44,8; Es 48,5.
\ \ b. = tell, accusative of person + כָּזאֹת Dom 13,23 accusative of person only, Es 42,9 accusative of thing only, Es 48,3; Ezk 36,15 (אֵלַיִךְ).
\ \ c. absolute, make proclamation Es 43,12; Es 62,11 (אֶל location).

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שְׁמַע BDB9967 · aramaisk

שְׁמַע verb hear (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Dan 6,15 1 singular שִׁמְעֵת Dan 5,14; Dan 5,16 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמַע Dan 3,10, 2 m. pl. תִּשְׁמְעוּן Dan 3,5; Dan 3,15 Participle active שָֽׁמְעִין Dan 3,7; Dan 5,23 — hear: = have sense of hearing Dan 5,23 with accusative of sound Dan 3,5; Dan 3,7; Dan 3,10; Dan 3,15, word Dan 6,15 with clause דִּי + עַל person concerning, Dan 5,14; Dan 5,16. Hithpe`el shew oneself obedient: Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתַּמְעוּן Dan 7,27, with ל person (probably).

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1 Mos 58 2 Mos 44 3 Mos 7 4 Mos 31 5 Mos 82 Jos 26 Dom 22 Rut 2 1 Sam 60 2 Sam 28 1 Kong 56 2 Kong 39 1 Kron 13 2 Kron 45 Ezr 3 Neh 27 Est 4 Job 37 Sl 78 Ord 30 Praed 7 Hoj 3 Es 95 Jer 168 Klg 4 Ezk 46 Dan 23 Hos 3 Joel 1 Amos 10 Ob 1 Jon 1 Mik 8 Nah 3 Hab 3 Sef 2 Hag 1 Zak 8 Mal 2
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Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.