I. [שָׁנָה] verb change (Late Hebrew Pi`el, etc.; Praed 42,24 etc.; Assyrian šanû, change, Aramaic שְׁנָא, Nabataean Ethpa`al Lzb379; Syriac , especially mentally = grow insane; compare (probably) Late Hebrew שָׁנָה year, = Phoenician שנת, שת; MI2, 8 שת; Assyrian šattu (compare Muss-ArnJBL xi (1892), 73 n.); Arabic ; Aramaic שְׁנַא, שַׁתָּא, , ; Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene שנתא, שנת, שת, שנן Lzb379 f.; on year from changing seasons, see PhilippiZMG xxxii (1878), 79 f. BaZMG xll (1887), 612, 621, 636 (especially against DHMVIme Orient. Congr. ii. 1, 452 who proposes biliteral √), compare Thes; a daring suggestion by JenZA vii (1892), 177); —
Qal Perfect 1 singular
לאֹ שָׁנִיתִי Mal 3,6 I am
׳׳י,
I do not change: Imperfect 3 masculine singular
יִשְׁנֶא (
Ges«GKC:75rr»§ 75rr)
Klg 4,1 how
is the fine gold
changed (si vera lectio; Löhr
Now יִשָּׁנֵא; gloss on
יוּעַס Bu Löhr);
Infinitive construct שְׁנוֺת יְמִין עֶלְיוֺן Sl 77,11 the right hand of the Highest is changed (
ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 Aq Symm Theod Hup-Now RVm Bae Du We Buhl;
AV RV Ew De Che and others
years, usually insert
I will remember);
Participle שׁוֺנִים Est 1,7 differing, different, with
מִן, compare
Est 3,8 (so
Praed 42,24);
Ord 24,21 those who change (but dubious, see Toy).
Pi`el transitive,
change, alter:
Perfect 3 masculine singular
שִׁנָּה Jer 52,33 with accusative garments, =
שִׁנָּא (
Gesl.c.)
2 Kong 25,29 Imperfect 3 masculine singular
יְשַׁנֶּה דִּין Ord 31,5 lest he pervert the judgment;
וַיְשַׁנּוֺ 1 Sam 21,14 (read
וַיְשַׁן Ges«GKC:75bb»§ 75bb,
וַיְשַׁנֶּה We Dr (and references), compare
Bu HPS Now), with accusative
טַעְמוֺ (see
טַעַם, and Assyrian
šanê ‰êmi,
madness);
וַיְשַׁנֶּהָ Est 2,9, i.e.
changed her place
לְטוֺב בֵּית הַנָּשִׁים; 1 singular
Sl 89,35 the utterance of my lips
I will not change (||
לֹא אֲחַלֵּל בְּרִיתִי);
Infinitive construct לְשַׁנּוֺת אֶתדַּֿרְכֵךְ Jer 2,36 i.e. change thy political course;
בְּשַׁנּוֺתוֺ אֶתֿ טַעְמוֺ Sl 34,1 (title; compare
1 Sam 21,14 above);
Participle מְשַׁנֶּה פָנָיו Job 14,20 altering his face, i.e. in death (subject God).
Pu`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular
וְעֹז פָּנָיו יְשֻׁנֶּא (
Ges«GKC:75rr»§ 75rr)
Praed 8,1, usually
is changed, mollified,
Siegf יִשָּׂנֵא is hated (on
׳עֹז פ see
עֹז 4, √
עזז).
Hithpa`el Perfect 2 feminine singular consecutive
קוּמִי וְהִשְׁתַּנִּית 1 Kong 14,2 arise, pray, and disguise thyself.