שָׁאַל

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular׳שׁ Dom 5,25 +, שָׁאָ֑ל Dom 8,26 +2 t.; consecutive וְשָׁ֫אַל לוֺ 4 Mos 27,21 suffix וּשְׁאֵלְךָ consecutive 1 Mos 32,18 (Ges^{«GKC:64f»§ 64f}), וּשְׁאֵלֵךְ consecutive Dom 4,20 1 singular suffix שְׁאִלְתִּיו 1 Sam 1,20, שְׁאִלְתִּיהוּ Dom 13,16 3 plural suffix שְׁאֵלוּנוּ Sl 137,3 2 masculine plural שְׁאֶלְתֶּם 1 Sam 12,13 (strike out ᵐ5 Th We Dr and most), Job 21,29, וּשְׁאֶלָתֶּםֿ consecutive 1 Sam 25,5, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁאַל 2 Mos 22,13 + ,etc.; Imperative שְׁאַל Es 7,11 +, שְׁאָלוּנִי Es 45,11 ( < תִּשְׁאְֵלוּנִי Weir Che and others), etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁאוֺל 1 Mos 43,7 +; construct לִשְׁאֹל Dom 1,14 +, etc.; Participle active שֹׁאֵל 2 Sam 3,13 +, feminine singular שֹׁאֶלֶת 1 Kong 2,20; 1 Kong 2,22, masculine plural הַשֹּׁאֲלִים 1 Sam 8,10 passive שָׁאוּל 1 Sam 1,28; 2 Kong 6,5 —

1. a. ask, ask for, accusative of thing (or person) Dom 5,25; Dom 8,26; 1 Kong 3,10; Sl 122,6 (= pray for) +; אֶתנַֿפְשׁוֺ לָמוּת ׳שׁ 1 Kong 19,4; Jon 4,8, i. e. pray for death, but Job 31,30 demand the life of another בְּאָלָה by a curse; with ל person 1 Kong 2,22 (twice in verse) + (ל person reflexive) 1 Sam 12,17; 1 Sam 12,19 +; with מִן person Dom 8,24 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb), Ezr 8,22; Zak 10,1+; followed by infinitive 1 Kong 3,11 followed by clause מָה אֶתֶּןלָֽֿךְ׃ ׳שׁ 1 Kong 3,5 = 2 Kron 1,7, compare 2 Kong 2,9 with accusative + מֵאֵת person 1 Sam 8,10; Sl 27,4(from ׳י) +; + מֵעִם person Es 7,11 (from ׳י) +; with accusative of person (from whom) + of thing Sl 137,3 accusative omitted Es 7,12; 1 Sam 12,20; 1 Kong 2,20, with מִן person Sl 2,8 absolute Mik 7,3; Sl 105,40 (of prayer); הִקְשִׁיתָ לִשְׁאוֺל 2 Kong 2,10, i.e. thou hast asked for a difficult thing. — 1 Sam 2,20 see Hiph`il b. specifically ask as a favour, for temporary use, i.e. borrow (compare לָוָה, as matter of business, see Bu<sup>1 Sam 1,28</sup>), 2 Mos 22,13 (E; accusative of thing + מֵעִם person), 2 Kong 4,3 (accusative of thing + מִן of source + ל person reflexive), 2 Kong 6,5 (passive participle absolute); so also (according to many), with accusative of thing 2 Mos 3,22( + מִן person), 2 Mos 11,2; 2 Mos 12,35 (both + מֵאֵת person; all E), — it is, however, not clear that there was any pretext of mere temporary use; passive participle ׳שָׁאוּל לי 1 Sam 1,28 (lent, granted,) made over to ׳י (in effect passive of Hiph`il, q. v.).
\ \ c. in weakened sense, seek, desire (late), with accusative 2 Kron 11,23; Praed 2,10 (subject עֵינַי); Ord 20,4 in harvest he shall look [for a crop], וָאָ֑יִן and there shall be none.

2. a. inquire of, with accusative of person + לֵאמֹר before inquiry 1 Mos 32,18 (E), 1 Mos 44,19 (J) +; with וְאָמַר Dom 4,20, וַיּאִמֶר, etc., 1 Mos 24,47(J), Jer 37,13 followed by וְאָמַר without accusative of person 1 Mos 32,30 (J), compare 1 Sam 19,22, followed by לֵאמֹר Jos 4,6 (JE); with accusative of person + עַל of thing Neh 1,2 עַל of thing alone, Praed 7,10 ( + מֵחָכְמָה, i. e. prompted by wisdom); with accusative of person + of thing (about which) 2 Sam 14,18; Es 45,11 + 4 t.; accusative of person + indirect question Dom 13,6 with accusative of person only, Dom 8,14; 1 Sam 25,8; 5 Mos 32,7 +, inquire of beasts (accusative) Job 12,7 with accusative of thing only, Jer 50,5 with ל person = accusative 2 Kong 8,6 (Kö^{Synt. § 289 h}); with ל of thing about which 1 Mos 26,7 (J), 1 Mos 32,30 (J), Dom 13,18; 2 Sam 11,7; Jer 6,16; Job 8,8, also ( + לאמר before the inquiry) 1 Mos 43,7 (J), and (followed by direct question) 5 Mos 4,32 with ל person about whom, 1 Mos 43,27 (J), compare phrase of greeting, אִישׁ לְרֵעֵהוּ לְשָׁלוֺם ׳שׁ 2 Mos 18,7 (E) ask each for (or about) his fellow as to welfare, compare Dom 18,15; 1 Sam 10,4; 1 Sam 17,22; 1 Sam 25,5; 1 Sam 30,21 [read וַיִּשְׁאֲלוּ לוֺ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 We Dr HPS Bu] 2 Sam 8,10; Jer 15,5; 1 Kron 18,10 followed by direct question only, 1 Sam 17,56; Jer 18,13 (with ב location), followed by indirect question only (c.אִם) Jer 30,6 אֶתפִּֿי ׳שׁ ׳פ 1 Mos 24,57(J); absolute make inquiry 5 Mos 13,15 ( + דָּרַשׁ, חָקַר).
\ \ b. inquire of, consult, deity, oracle, etc. (Jastr^{JBL xix (1900) 88 ff.}), followed by accusative ׳פִּי י Jos 9,14 (JE), Es 30,2 ׳י Es 65,1 (|| בִּקֵּשׁ); elsewhere in Hexateuch only (accusative omitted), 4 Mos 27,21 (P; with ל person for whom, + ב instrumental), compare Jos 19,50 also אוֺב ׳שׁ 5 Mos 18,11 (participle as substantive; Jäger^{BAS ii. 292} compare Assyrian maššaku ša šâ°ili, i. e. skin-vessel of the oracle-seeker, compare Jastr^{JBL xix (1900), 96 ff.}); with accusative of human agent 1 Sam 28,16; Jer 38,14; Jer 38,27 usually (ancient usage, chiefly Judges, Samuel) לֵאמֹר ׳בי ׳שׁ (בְּ perhaps originally local, so GFM, or instrumental), Dom 1,1; Dom 20,23; 1 Sam 23,2; 1 Sam 30,8; 2 Sam 2,1; 2 Sam 5,19 = 1 Kron 14,10 לֵאמֹר omitted 1 Sam 10,22 (followed by direct question), 1 Sam 22,10 (ל person for whom), 1 Sam 23,4; 1 Sam 28,6; 2 Sam 5,23 = 1 Kron 14,14; Dom 20,27 בֵּאלֹהִים ׳שׁ Dom 18,5; Dom 20,18; 1 Sam 14,37 (followed by direct question), also (ל person for whom), 1 Sam 22,13; 1 Sam 22,15 ׳שׁ ׳בִּדְבַר הָא 2 Sam 16,23 likewise בְּעֵצוֺ ׳שׁ Hos 4,12 (i.e. his idol), בַּתְּרָפִים Ezk 21,26, בָּאוֺב 1 Kron 10,13 perhaps = receive as oracle 5 Mos 18,16 (׳מֵעִם י, Jastr^l.c. Niph`al ask for oneself (Ges^{«GKC:51e»§ 51e}), specifically ask leave of absence, with מִן person: Perfect 3 masculine singular + Infinitive absolute נִשְׁאֹל נִשְׁאַל 1 Sam 20,6 (followed by infinitive), v1 Sam 20,28 (followed by עַד; ? insert ל infinitive HPS); Perfect 1 singular נִשְׁאַלְתִּי מִןהַֿמֶּלֶךְ Neh 13,6 (absolute).

Pi`el 1. inquire carefully: Imperfect 3 masculine plural + Qal Infinitive absolute שָׁאוֺל יְשָֽׁאֲלוּ 2 Sam 20,18 (Bu proposes Qal Imperfect יִשְׁאֲלוּ), with ב location; on following context see We Dr HPS Bu.

2. beg, practise beggary, ,Perfect 3 plural וְשִׁאֵ֑לוּ (consecutive) Sl 109,10. Hiph`il (properly let one ask [successfully], give, or lend, on request, then) grant, make over to (as a favour, with or without request): Perfect 1 singular suffix הִשְׁאִלְתִּהוּ ׳לי 1 Sam 1,28 I have made him over to ׳י (compare Dr HPS Bu and Qal Passive participle, ib.); perhaps also read 3 feminine singular ׳הִשְׁאִילָה לי 1 Sam 2,20 (whom) she hath made over to ׳י (for ׳שָׁאַל לי) Bu HPS (after ᵐ5. in part; other conjectures in Dr); Imperfect 3 masculine plural suffix of thing וַיַּשְׁאִלוּם 2 Mos 12,36 (E) and they handed them over.