מִנְחָה

1. gift, present Gen 32:14; 32:19; 32:21; 1 Mos 32,22 (E), 1 Mos 33,10; 1 Mos 43,11; 1 Mos 43,15; 1 Mos 43,25; 1 Mos 43,26 (J), Dom 6,18; 1 Sam 10,27; 1 Kong 10,25 = 2 Kron 9,24; 2 Kong 8,8; 2 Kong 8,9; 2 Kong 20,12 = Es 39,1; Sl 45,13; 2 Kron 32,23.

2. tribute Dom 3,15; Dom 3,17; Dom 3,18 (twice in verse); 2 Sam 8,2; 2 Sam 8,6 = 1 Kron 18,2 18:6, 1 Kong 5,1; 2 Kong 17,3; 2 Kong 17,4; 2 Kron 17,5; 2 Kron 17,11; 2 Kron 26,8; Hos 10,6; Sl 72,10.

3. offering made to God, of any kind, whether grain or animals 1 Mos 4,3; 1 Mos 4,4; 1 Mos 4,5; 4 Mos 16,15 (J), 1 Sam 2,17; 1 Sam 2,29; 1 Sam 26,19; Es 1,13; Sl 96,8; Sef 3,10 + (probably) (לַ)עֲלוֺת הַ֫מִּנְחָה 1 Kong 18,29; 1 Kong 18,36; 2 Kong 3,20 (Ehpraimitic source; usually regarded as = מִנְחַת עֶרֶב, but that much later usage). This general meaning possibly an also in following; זבח ומנחה 1 Sam 2,29 (see v1 Sam 2,29 b), 1 Sam 3,14; Es 19,21 עלה ומנחה Jer 14,12 || עולה Sl 20,4 || שֶׁלֶם Amos 5,22 (עֹלוֺת gloss, to explain אָרִיחַ); or these may shew early stage of discrimination.

4. grain offering (whether raw, roasted, ground to flour, or prepared as bread or cakes, see below. AV meat offering, misleading < RV meal-offering. GFM^{Dom 3,22 renders} cereal oblation); — יָבִיאוּ אֶתהַֿמִּנְחָה בִּכְלִי טָהוֺר Es 66,20 they bring the grain offering in clean vessels (restored Jews are brought as such an offering), compare מנחה טהורה Mal 1,11 brought in hands Jer 41,5 (late addition Co); received from hands Mal 1,10 חִטִּים למנחה 1 Kron 21,23 wheat for grain offering; סֹלֶת 1 Kron 23,29, mixed with oil Ezk 46,14, baked vEzk 46,20 distinguished from other offerings 1 Kong 8,64 (twice in verse) = 2 Kron 7,7; 2 Kong 16,13; 2 Kong 16,15 (3 t. in verse); Es 43,23; Es 57,6; Es 66,3; Jer 17,26; Jer 33,18; Jer 41,5 (late editors Co), Ezk 42,13; Ezk 44,29; Ezk 45,15; Ezk 45,17 (twice in verse); Ezk 45,25; Dan 9,27; Sl 40,7 used alone Neh 13,5; Neh 13,9; Ezk 45,24; Ezk 46,5 (twice in verse); Ezk 46,7; Ezk 46,11; Ezk 46,14 (twice in verse); Ezk 46,15; Mal 1,13; Mal 2,12; Mal 2,13; Mal 3,3; Mal 3,4; Dom 13,19; Dom 13,23 (R, GFM^{Jud 322}); (הָ) עֶרֶב מִנְחַת evening grain offering 2 Kong 16,15; Ezr 9,4; Ezr 9,5; Dan 9,21; Sl 141,2 מִנְחַת הַתָּמִיד continual grain off. Neh 10,34, compare 3 Mos 6,13; 4 Mos 4,16 (all cases under 4 exilic or post-exilic).

5. grain-offering, always with this meaning in P, in classifications 2 Mos 30,9; 2 Mos 40,29; 3 Mos 7,37; 3 Mos 23,37; 4 Mos 18,9; 4 Mos 29,39 —
\ \ a. אָבִיב grain in the ear parched with fire, with oil and frankincense 3 Mos 2,14; 3 Mos 2,15.
\ \ b. סֹלֶת fine flour with oil and frankincense 3 Mos 2,1; 3 Mos 6,7 elsewhere בְּלוּלָה בַּשֶּׁמֶן mingled with oil 3 Mos 14,10; 3 Mos 14,21; 3 Mos 23,13; 4 Mos 7,13 + 10 t. 4 Mos 8,8; 4 Mos 15,4; 4 Mos 15,6; 4 Mos 15,9; 4 Mos 28,5 + 6 t. 4 Mos 29,3; 4 Mos 29,9; 4 Mos 29,14, except sin offering of very poor where offered without oil and frankincense 3 Mos 5,11–13.
\ \ c. סֹלֶת baked in an oven as חַלּוֺת perforated cakes, or רְקִיקִים flat cakes 3 Mos 2,4; 3 Mos 7,9; 4 Mos 6,15, על הַמַּחֲבַת on a flat pan 3 Mos 2,5; 3 Mos 6,14; 3 Mos 7,9, or מַרְחֶשֶׁת frying pan 3 Mos 2,7; 3 Mos 7,9. All these always unleavened (מַצּוֺת) and mixed with oil and salt 3 Mos 2,11–13.
\ \ d. at Pentecost to consecrate new bread, מִנְחָה חֲדָשָׁה new grain offering of two loaves of leavened bread 3 Mos 23,16; 3 Mos 23,17; 4 Mos 28,26
\ \ e. barley meal without oil or incense; מִנְחַת קְנָאֹת grain offering of jealousy, זִכָּרוֺן ׳מ 4 Mos 5,15; 4 Mos 5,18; 4 Mos 5,25. compare phrases מִנְחַת הַבֹּקֶר morning oblation 2 Mos 29,41; 4 Mos 28,8 ׳קָרְבַּן מ 3 Mos 2,1; 3 Mos 2,4; 3 Mos 2,13 בִּכּוּרִים ׳מ 3 Mos 2,14 פִּתִּים ׳מ 3 Mos 6,14.

6. verbs of offering are הֵבִיא 1 Mos 4,3 (J), 3 Mos 2,2; 3 Mos 2,8 (P), Es 1,13; Es 66,20 (twice in verse); Jer 17,26; Mal 1,13 הִקְרִיב 3 Mos 2,1; 3 Mos 2,8; 3 Mos 2,11; 3 Mos 6,7; 4 Mos 5,25 עשׂה 4 Mos 6,17; 4 Mos 28,31; 1 Kong 8,64 = 2 Kron 7,7; Ezk 45,24; Ezk 46,7; Ezk 46,14; Ezk 46,15 הקטיר 2 Kong 16,13; 2 Kong 16,15; Jer 33,18 העלה Es 57,6; Es 66,3; Jer 14,12 הגישׁ Amos 5,25; Mal 2,12; Mal 3,3 הוביל Sef 3,10 נשׂא Sl 96,8, also (׳מ = tribute) 2 Sam 8,2; 2 Sam 8,6 and ||.