מִשְׁפָּט
Engelsk judgment
I GT 422 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
מִשְׁפָּט422 noun masculine1 Mos 40,13 judgment; — absolute מִשְׁפָּט 2 Mos 21,31 + 203 t., + לְשְִׁ֯פָּט Ezk 44,24 (but read Kt לִשְׁפֹּט with ᵐ5 ᵑ7 ᵑ6 Co and others); construct מִשְׁפַּט 2 Mos 23,6 + 50 t.; suffix מִשְׁפָּטִי Es 40,27 +; מִשְׁפָּטָם Jer 49,12 +; מִשְׁפָּטָן 4 Mos 27,5 plural מִשְׁפָּטִים Jer 4,12 + 34 t.; suffix מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ 5 Mos 33,10 +, etc.; —
1. judgment:
\ \ a. act of deciding a case: ׳מ be-longeth to God 5 Mos 1,17, is from him Ord 16,33; Ord 29,26 ׳אֱלֹהֵי הַמּ Mal 2,17 ׳חשֶׁן מ 2 Mos 28,15 the pouch of judgment, so v2 Mos 28,29 v2 Mos 28,30 (P); worn on heart of Aaron v2 Mos 28,30 (P); צֶדֶק ׳מ 5 Mos 16,18 ׳הֵבִין מ Job 32,9 ׳שׁפט מ 1 Kong 3,28 ׳עשׂה מ 1 Kong 3,28 ׳דְּבַר (ה)מ 5 Mos 17,9; 2 Kron 19,6 ׳רוח מ Es 28,6 במשׁפט 3 Mos 19,15; 3 Mos 19,35 (H) 5 Mos 1,17; Ord 16,10; Ord 24,23 חאורים ׳במ 4 Mos 27,21 (P); למשׁפט 4 Mos 35,12; Jos 20,6 (P) 5 Mos 17,8; Dom 4,5; 2 Sam 15,2; 2 Sam 15,6; 2 Kron 19,8; Es 34,5; Es 41,1; Es 54,17; Es 59,11; Hab 1,12; Mal 3,5; Sl 9,8; Sl 35,23; Sl 76,10; Sl 122,5; Job 9,19 (Ezk 44,24 see above).
\ \ b. place, court seat of judgment 5 Mos 25,1; 1 Kong 7,7; Es 28,6; Praed 3,16.
\ \ c. process, procedure, litigation before judges: ׳הֵבִיא במ Job 14,3; Praed 11,9; Praed 12,14 ׳בא במ, with עם Es 3,14; Job 22,4, with את Sl 143,2, with יחדו Job 9,32, ׳חלד במ Job 34,23, compare Ezk 34,16; Sl 112,5 plural דבּר משׁפטים, with את litigate with Jer 1,16; Jer 4,12; Jer 12,1; Jer 39,5 = Jer 52,9, singular מִשְׁפָּט in || 2 Kong 25,6, by error.
\ \ d. case or cause presented for judgment: ׳בעל מ Es 50,8 ׳ערךְ מ Job 13,18; Job 23,4 ׳שׁמע מ 1 Kong 3,11 ׳שׁפט מ Klg 3,59, compare 4 Mos 27,5 (P) 2 Sam 15,4.
\ \ e. sentence, decision of judgment: כן משׁפטךָ 1 Kong 20,40 thus is thy sentence; ׳עת ומ Praed 8,5; Praed 8,6 time and sentence; ׳על מ 5 Mos 17,11 according to the sentence; מָוֶת ׳מ 5 Mos 19,6; 5 Mos 21,22; Jer 26,11; Jer 26,16 דמים ׳מ Ezk 7,23, compare Hab 1,4 (twice in verse); Sl 7,7; Sl 17,2; Ezk 23,45 plural only Ezk 16,68 משׁפטֵי נאפות; Hos 6,5 read singular מִשְׁפָּטִי בָאוֺד for מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ אוֺר after ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew Hi Che and most modern feminine execution of judgment, in general, ׳עשׂה מ, with בֵּין Jer 7,5; Ezk 18,8, compare 5 Mos 32,41; Sef 3,8 with בְּ against Sl 119,84; Sl 149,9 ב omitted Sl 9,17; Ezk 39,21, בא אל ׳מ Jer 48,21, ׳ברוח מ Es 4,4, מואב ׳מ Jer 48,47, compare Es 53,8; Jer 51,9; Hos 5,1; Hos 5,11; Hos 10,4; Job 36,17 plural Es 26,8; Es 26,9; Ezk 5,8; Sef 3,15; Sl 10,5 in favour of, עשׂה משׁפטִי Mik 7,9; Sl 9,5 לעשׁוקים ׳מ Sl 146,7 והציל ׳דין מ Jer 21,12, compare Zak 7,9; Zak 8,16 plural Sl 48,12 = Sl 97,8; Sl 6,1–200; Sl 5,1–200; Sl 7,1–200 = 1 Kron 16,12; 1 Kron 16,14.
\ \ g. time of judgment, ׳לִא יקומו במ Sl 1,5 (late; probably judgment of the resurrection).
\ \ a. act of deciding a case: ׳מ be-longeth to God 5 Mos 1,17, is from him Ord 16,33; Ord 29,26 ׳אֱלֹהֵי הַמּ Mal 2,17 ׳חשֶׁן מ 2 Mos 28,15 the pouch of judgment, so v2 Mos 28,29 v2 Mos 28,30 (P); worn on heart of Aaron v2 Mos 28,30 (P); צֶדֶק ׳מ 5 Mos 16,18 ׳הֵבִין מ Job 32,9 ׳שׁפט מ 1 Kong 3,28 ׳עשׂה מ 1 Kong 3,28 ׳דְּבַר (ה)מ 5 Mos 17,9; 2 Kron 19,6 ׳רוח מ Es 28,6 במשׁפט 3 Mos 19,15; 3 Mos 19,35 (H) 5 Mos 1,17; Ord 16,10; Ord 24,23 חאורים ׳במ 4 Mos 27,21 (P); למשׁפט 4 Mos 35,12; Jos 20,6 (P) 5 Mos 17,8; Dom 4,5; 2 Sam 15,2; 2 Sam 15,6; 2 Kron 19,8; Es 34,5; Es 41,1; Es 54,17; Es 59,11; Hab 1,12; Mal 3,5; Sl 9,8; Sl 35,23; Sl 76,10; Sl 122,5; Job 9,19 (Ezk 44,24 see above).
\ \ b. place, court seat of judgment 5 Mos 25,1; 1 Kong 7,7; Es 28,6; Praed 3,16.
\ \ c. process, procedure, litigation before judges: ׳הֵבִיא במ Job 14,3; Praed 11,9; Praed 12,14 ׳בא במ, with עם Es 3,14; Job 22,4, with את Sl 143,2, with יחדו Job 9,32, ׳חלד במ Job 34,23, compare Ezk 34,16; Sl 112,5 plural דבּר משׁפטים, with את litigate with Jer 1,16; Jer 4,12; Jer 12,1; Jer 39,5 = Jer 52,9, singular מִשְׁפָּט in || 2 Kong 25,6, by error.
\ \ d. case or cause presented for judgment: ׳בעל מ Es 50,8 ׳ערךְ מ Job 13,18; Job 23,4 ׳שׁמע מ 1 Kong 3,11 ׳שׁפט מ Klg 3,59, compare 4 Mos 27,5 (P) 2 Sam 15,4.
\ \ e. sentence, decision of judgment: כן משׁפטךָ 1 Kong 20,40 thus is thy sentence; ׳עת ומ Praed 8,5; Praed 8,6 time and sentence; ׳על מ 5 Mos 17,11 according to the sentence; מָוֶת ׳מ 5 Mos 19,6; 5 Mos 21,22; Jer 26,11; Jer 26,16 דמים ׳מ Ezk 7,23, compare Hab 1,4 (twice in verse); Sl 7,7; Sl 17,2; Ezk 23,45 plural only Ezk 16,68 משׁפטֵי נאפות; Hos 6,5 read singular מִשְׁפָּטִי בָאוֺד for מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ אוֺר after ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew Hi Che and most modern feminine execution of judgment, in general, ׳עשׂה מ, with בֵּין Jer 7,5; Ezk 18,8, compare 5 Mos 32,41; Sef 3,8 with בְּ against Sl 119,84; Sl 149,9 ב omitted Sl 9,17; Ezk 39,21, בא אל ׳מ Jer 48,21, ׳ברוח מ Es 4,4, מואב ׳מ Jer 48,47, compare Es 53,8; Jer 51,9; Hos 5,1; Hos 5,11; Hos 10,4; Job 36,17 plural Es 26,8; Es 26,9; Ezk 5,8; Sef 3,15; Sl 10,5 in favour of, עשׂה משׁפטִי Mik 7,9; Sl 9,5 לעשׁוקים ׳מ Sl 146,7 והציל ׳דין מ Jer 21,12, compare Zak 7,9; Zak 8,16 plural Sl 48,12 = Sl 97,8; Sl 6,1–200; Sl 5,1–200; Sl 7,1–200 = 1 Kron 16,12; 1 Kron 16,14.
\ \ g. time of judgment, ׳לִא יקומו במ Sl 1,5 (late; probably judgment of the resurrection).
2. attribute of the שֹׁפֵט, justice, right, rectitude:
\ \ a. of God, ׳אלהי מ Es 30,18 ׳הֲשֹׁפֵט כָּלהָֿאָרֶץ לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה מ 1 Mos 18,25 (J), compare Job 40,8; 5 Mos 32,4; Sl 111,7 he loves it Sl 33,5; Sl 37,28; Sl 99,4 ׳צדק ומ Hos 2,21; Sl 89,15 = Sl 97,2 will not pervert it Job 8,3; Job 34,12, compare Job 37,23 כמשׁפטךָ Sl 119,149 (|| חסדךָ); מִשְׁפָּֽטְךָ תְּהוֺם רָבָּה Sl 36,7 (read singular).
\ \ b. of man: ׳אַשְׁרֵי שֹׁמְרֵי מ Sl 106,8 (|| צדקה); the tongue of the wise speaketh ׳מ Sl 37,30 so of thoughts ׳מ Ord 12,5 put on ׳מ as robe Job 29,14, chosen Job 34,4 ׳עשׂה מ: God requires that man should do it Mik 6,8; Es 1,17; Es 56,1, compare Es 61,8 it is the joy of the righteous Ord 21,15 rulers should know it Mik 3,1, compare Ord 29,4 wicked ruler ׳שׂוֺנֵא מ Job 34,17 abhors it Mik 3,9, compare Ord 19,28; Ord 21,7; Ord 28,5.
\ \ a. of God, ׳אלהי מ Es 30,18 ׳הֲשֹׁפֵט כָּלהָֿאָרֶץ לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה מ 1 Mos 18,25 (J), compare Job 40,8; 5 Mos 32,4; Sl 111,7 he loves it Sl 33,5; Sl 37,28; Sl 99,4 ׳צדק ומ Hos 2,21; Sl 89,15 = Sl 97,2 will not pervert it Job 8,3; Job 34,12, compare Job 37,23 כמשׁפטךָ Sl 119,149 (|| חסדךָ); מִשְׁפָּֽטְךָ תְּהוֺם רָבָּה Sl 36,7 (read singular).
\ \ b. of man: ׳אַשְׁרֵי שֹׁמְרֵי מ Sl 106,8 (|| צדקה); the tongue of the wise speaketh ׳מ Sl 37,30 so of thoughts ׳מ Ord 12,5 put on ׳מ as robe Job 29,14, chosen Job 34,4 ׳עשׂה מ: God requires that man should do it Mik 6,8; Es 1,17; Es 56,1, compare Es 61,8 it is the joy of the righteous Ord 21,15 rulers should know it Mik 3,1, compare Ord 29,4 wicked ruler ׳שׂוֺנֵא מ Job 34,17 abhors it Mik 3,9, compare Ord 19,28; Ord 21,7; Ord 28,5.
3. ordinance promulgated by שֹׁפֵט: 1 Sam 8,9; 1 Sam 8,11; 1 Sam 10,25 (law of king); Levitical ordinances 3 Mos 5,10; 3 Mos 9,16 + 13 t. P, 1 Kron 15,13; 1 Kron 24,19; 2 Kron 4,7; 2 Kron 4,20; 2 Kron 8,14; 2 Kron 35,13; Neh 8,18 ׳חק ומ 2 Mos 15,25; Jos 24,25 (E) 1 Sam 30,25, compare Sl 81,5 ׳חקת מ 4 Mos 27,11; 4 Mos 35,29 (P); divine law in general יהוה ׳מ Jer 8,7 ׳מ אלהים Es 58,2; Jer 5,4; Jer 5,5 (|| דֶּרֶךְ), compare Sl 25,9 || תורה Es 42,4; Es 51,4; Ezr 7,10 compare Sef 2,3; Sl 119,43; Sl 119,160 plural of particular ordinances 5 Mos 33,10; 5 Mos 33,21 (poem), Es 58,2; Ezk 44,24; Sl 19,10; Sl 119,7 + 16 t., Sl 147,20.
4. decision of the שֹׁפֵט in a case of law (see BrHexateuch 252 sq.): singular of particular decision of a case 2 Mos 21,31 (E); plural of series of decisions 2 Mos 21,1; 2 Mos 24,3 (JE) 5 Mos 7,12 (D2); in covt. code and D, collection of pentads in conditional or temporal compare, with כּי or אם in D, and subject in combination, חקים ומשׁפטים 5 Mos 4,1. 5. 8. 14. 45 +; in code of H and after, in combination חקות ומשׁפטים, 3 Mos 18,4; 3 Mos 18,5; 3 Mos 18,26; 3 Mos 19,37 +; (the specific type of these laws in H is אִישׁ כִּי, over against נפשׁ כי or אדם כי in code of P, see BrHexateuch 254 f.); other combinations, redactional and later, 3 Mos 26,46; 4 Mos 36,13; 5 Mos 30,16; 2 Kong 17,37; 2 Kron 33,8; Neh 9,13; Sl 18,23; Sl 89,31; Sl 147,19.
5. one's (legal) right, privilege, due: הַכּהֲנִים ׳מ 5 Mos 18,3 due of the priests, הַבְּכֹרָה ׳מ 5 Mos 21,17 ׳מ הַגְּאֻלָּה Jer 32,7 right of redemption; הַיְרֻשָּׁה ׳מ vJer 32,8 ׳הִטָּה מ 2 Mos 23,6 (E) wrest right, so 5 Mos 16,19; 5 Mos 23,6; 5 Mos 24,17; 5 Mos 27,19; 5 Mos 1,3; , compare Ord 18,5 יְתוֺם ׳מ 5 Mos 10,18 אביון ׳מ 2 Mos 23,6 (E) Jer 5,28; Sl 140,13 עניים׳מ Es 10,2; Job 36,6 ׳הסיר מ Job 27,2; Job 34,5, compare Es 40,27; Es 49,4.
6. a. proper, fitting, measure 1 Kong 5,8 fitness Es 28,26; Es 40,14 (of fitness in the order of nature; compare Di).
\ \ b. custom, manner: הכהנים ׳מ 1 Sam 2,13 custom of the priests (rightful due, according to Th We Dr and most); מִשְׁפָּטוֺ 1 Sam 27,11 his (David's) custom; ׳מ הגוים 2 Kong 17,33 manner of the nations, compare 2 Kong 17,26; 2 Kong 17,27 (Rssem. 1, 24, 2nd ed. 23); ׳כמ after the manner, custom, fashion (of) 1 Mos 40,13; 2 Mos 21,9 (E) Dom 18,7; 1 Kong 18,28; 2 Kong 11,14; 2 Kong 17,34; 1 Kron 6,17; Ezk 42,11; Sl 119,132.
\ \ c. מה משׁפט Dom 13,12 what manner of a boy, compare 2 Kong 1,7.
\ \ d. plan . . . of the tabernacle 2 Mos 26,30 (P); temple 1 Kong 6,38 palace Jer 30,18.
\ \ b. custom, manner: הכהנים ׳מ 1 Sam 2,13 custom of the priests (rightful due, according to Th We Dr and most); מִשְׁפָּטוֺ 1 Sam 27,11 his (David's) custom; ׳מ הגוים 2 Kong 17,33 manner of the nations, compare 2 Kong 17,26; 2 Kong 17,27 (Rssem. 1, 24, 2nd ed. 23); ׳כמ after the manner, custom, fashion (of) 1 Mos 40,13; 2 Mos 21,9 (E) Dom 18,7; 1 Kong 18,28; 2 Kong 11,14; 2 Kong 17,34; 1 Kron 6,17; Ezk 42,11; Sl 119,132.
\ \ c. מה משׁפט Dom 13,12 what manner of a boy, compare 2 Kong 1,7.
\ \ d. plan . . . of the tabernacle 2 Mos 26,30 (P); temple 1 Kong 6,38 palace Jer 30,18.
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Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.