מָצָא

Qal Perfect ׳מ 1 Mos 2,20 +, suffix מְצָאוֺ Job 31,29, 3 feminine singular מָֽצְאָה 1 Mos 8,9 +, suffix מְצָאַתְנוּ Dom 6,13; Neh 9,32, מְצָאָ֫תַם 2 Mos 18,18 2 masculine singular מָצָאתָ 1 Mos 31,37 +; 1 singular מָצָאתִי 1 Mos 18,3 +, מָצָתִי 4 Mos 11,11, suffix מְצָאתִיו Hoj 3,1; Hoj 3,2, מְצָאתִיהוּ Hoj 5,6 3 plural מָֽצְאוּ Dom 21,14 +; suffix מְצָאנֻהוּ Job 37,23, etc.; Imperfect יִמְצָא 1 Sam 24,20 +, 3 feminine singular תִּמְצָא 1 Sam 1,18 +; 3 masculine plural יִמְצְאוּ Dom 5,30 +, suffix יִמְצָאֻהוּ Job 20,8 יִמְצָאֻנְנִי Ord 1,28; Ord 8,17, יִמְצָאוּנְהָ Jer 2,24 3 feminine plural תִּמְצֶאןָ 5 Mos 31,21 etc.; Imperative מְצָא 1 Sam 20,21; 1 Sam 20,36, וּמְצָאֿ Ord 3,4 masculine plural מִצְאוּ Jer 6,16 feminine plural וּמְצֶאןָ Rut 1,9 Infinitive מְצאֹ, מְצוֺא Sl 32,6; 1 Mos 19,11 +, suffix בְּמֹצַאֲכֶם 1 Mos 32,20 [= מָצְאֲכֶם Ges^{«GKC:74»§ 74}, 3, R. 2]; Participle מוֺצֵא Sl 119,162, מוֺצֶה Praed 7,26, suffix מֹצְאִי 1 Mos 4,14; Ord 8,35 feminine singular absolute מֹצֵאת 2 Sam 18,22, מוֺצֵאת Hoj 8,10 masculine plural מֹצְאִים 4 Mos 15,33, construct מֹצְאֵי Ord 8,9 feminine plural absolute מֹצְאוֺת Jos 2,23, etc.; —

1. find :
\ \ a. thing sought, with accusative of thing, straw 2 Mos 5,11 (J), water 1 Mos 26,32 (J), compare v1 Mos 26,19, 2 Mos 15,22 (J), grass 1 Kong 18,5, help, consort, 1 Mos 2,20 (J), compare Ord 18,22 +; with idea of attaining to, arriving at, a resting-place 1 Mos 8,9 (J) Es 34,14 compare צִפּוֺר מָֽצְאָה בַּיִת Sl 84,4; Jer 45,3; Klg 1,3 of marriage Rut 1,9 of finding place for temple Sl 132,5 figurative וּמִצְאוּ מַרְגּוֺעַ לְנַפְשְׁכֶם Jer 6,16 and find quiet for yourselves; find grave Job 3,22 reach cities 2 Sam 20,6 (where read יִמְצָא Vrss Th Dr Kit Bu), compare Sl 107,4 find = secure prey, booty, plunder 1 Mos 27,20 (J), Dom 5,30; Dom 21,12; 1 Sam 14,30 compare 2 Kron 20,25; Ord 1,13; Sl 119,162 of securing gain Hos 12,9 ( + לִי; || עשׁר), Job 31,25 so perhaps also absolute בְּשׂוֺרָה מֹצֵאת אֵין 2 Sam 18,22 there is no news securing i.e. such as to bring you a reward (compare Th Dr; but text dubious); secure as crop 1 Mos 26,12 (J), compare Praed 11,1 = acquire, get wounds and dishonour Ord 6,33 ׳חֵן בְּעֵינֵי פ ׳מ find ( = gain, secure) favour in the eyes of any one: of ׳י, 1 Mos 6,8; 2 Mos 33,12; 2 Mos 33,13 (twice in verse); 2 Mos 33,16; 2 Mos 33,17; 2 Mos 34,9 (all J), 4 Mos 11,11; 4 Mos 11,15 (JE), Dom 6,17; 2 Sam 15,25 ; oftener of men 1 Mos 18,3; 1 Mos 19,19; 1 Mos 30,27; 1 Mos 32,6 + 8 t. Genesis (all J), 4 Mos 32,5 (JE), 5 Mos 24,1; 1 Sam 1,18 + 7 t. Samuel; 1 Kong 11,19; Rut 2,2; Rut 2,10; Rut 2,13; Est 5,8; Est 7,3 ׳חֵן לִפְנֵי פ ׳מ Est 8,5 אָז הָיִתִי בְעֵינָיו כְּמוֺצֵאת שָׁלָוֺם Hoj 8,10 absolute מָצָא חֵן Jer 31,2; Ord 3,4; Ord 28,23 : = seek and find 1 Sam 20,21 (arrows), so v1 Sam 20,36 figurative of grounds of accusation Job 33,10 he succeeds in finding; so also Es 58,3; Es 58,13 find knowledge of God Ord 2,5 compare Ord 8,9, word of ׳י Amos 8,12, words of wisdom Ord 4,22, wisdom Job 32,13; Ord 24,14 (see also below); ransom Job 33,24 life Ord 8,35 (Qr מָצָא; > Kt מצאי, i.e. מֹצְאֵי De Str Wild), Ord 21,21 with accusative of person 1 Mos 18,26; 1 Mos 18,28; 1 Mos 18,30 (J), 1 Mos 41,38 (E), 1 Sam 9,13 (twice in verse); 1 Kong 1,3; 1 Kong 13,14 compare v1 Kong 13,28, +; of pursuit Jos 2,22 (J); find ׳י Hos 5,6; 5 Mos 4,29; Jer 29,13; Job 23,3; Sl 32,6 + Hos 6,3 (read כֵן נִמְצָאֵהוּ כְּשַׁחֲרֵנוּ, for ᵑ0 כְּשַׁחַר נָכוָֺן מֹצָאוֺ Gie^{Beitr. z. Jes. Krit. 208} We Now); so possibly also (object omitted) Jer 10,18 (so Gf.; ᵑ9 Or read Niph`al; Gie יֶאְשָׁ֑מוּ), (Job 37,23; Job 11,7 (twice in verse) see below); find wisdom (personified) Ord 1,28; Ord 8,17; Ord 8,35 compare Ord 3,13.
\ \ b. what is lost, missed, with accusative of thing, 1 Mos 31,32; 1 Mos 31,33; 1 Mos 31,34; 1 Mos 31,35; 1 Mos 31,37 (E), 1 Sam 9,4 (twice in verse); 5 Mos 22,3; 3 Mos 5,22; 3 Mos 5,23 (P), 1 Mos 36,24 (P) +; וַיִּלְאוּ לִמְצֹא הַפָּ֑תַח 1 Mos 19,11 and they grew weary in finding the door; find a word (to say) Neh 5,8; Praed 12,10, answer Job 32,3, vision from ׳י Klg 2,9 with accusative of person 1 Mos 38,20; 1 Mos 38,22; 1 Mos 38,23 (J), 2 Sam 17,20; 1 Kong 18,10; 1 Kong 18,12; 1 Kong 21,20 (twice in verse); 2 Kong 2,17; Ezk 22,30; Ord 7,15; Hoj 3,1; Hoj 3,2; Hoj 3,4; Hoj 5,6 +.
\ \ c. meet, encounter, with accusative of person (one expected), 1 Mos 32,20 (E), 2 Kong 9,21; Jer 41,12; 2 Kron 20,16 compare also 4 Mos 35,27 (P).
\ \ d. find a condition, find one in a situation; לָהּ בְּתוּלִים ׳וְלֹא מ 5 Mos 22,14 compare v5 Mos 22,17; 5 Mos 24,1 אֶתמֶֿלָךְ ֗֗֗ נִלְחָם ׳וַיִּמ 2 Kong 19,8 and he found the king of Assyria warring against Lachish = Es 37,8 אֶתלְֿבָבוֺ נֶאֱמָן ׳וּמ Neh 9,8 כָּתוּב בספר ׳מ Neh 7,5; Neh 8,14 especially late, 1 Kron 20,2; 2 Kron 25,5; Dan 1,20; Dan 7,26.
\ \ e. = learn, devise Praed 7,27 (twice in verse); Praed 7,29. feminine = experience sorrow Sl 116,3, compare Praed 7,14.

2. find out:
\ \ a. find out thoroughly, explore: object God Job 11,7 (twice in verse); Job 37,23 God's works Praed 3,11; Praed 8,17 (3 t. in verse), compare Praed 7,24.
\ \ b. = detect sin, crime, usually in (ב) one, 2 Kong 17,4; 1 Sam 29,3; 1 Sam 29,6; 1 Sam 29,8; Hos 12,9 כְּיָדִי מְאוּמָה ׳לֹא מ 1 Sam 12,5 detect evil in God Jer 2,5 subject God Jer 2,34; Jer 23,11 עֲוֺן עֲבָדֶיךָ ׳מ 1 Mos 44,16 (J), compare Sl 36,3 absolute Sl 10,15; Sl 17,3 .
\ \ c. = guess, solve riddle Dom 14,12; Dom 14,18 compare Ord 8,12.

3. = come upon, light upon:
\ \ a. often unexpectedly = happen upon, with accusative of thing, money 1 Mos 44,8 (J), book 2 Kong 22,8; 2 Kong 23,24 = 2 Kron 34,14; 2 Kron 34,15, compare Neh 7,5 honey Ord 25,16, ship Jon 1,3 a plain 1 Mos 11,2 (J), jawbone Dom 15,15 ark of ׳י Sl 132,6 (according to some, but dubious; Bae proposes הוֺצֵאנוּהָ); indefinite Ezk 3,1 (strike out ᵐ5 Co); with accusative of person = meet, fall in with 1 Mos 4,14; 1 Mos 4,15 compare Jer 50,7; 1 Mos 37,15; 1 Mos 37,17 (all J), 1 Sam 9,11; 1 Sam 30,11; 5 Mos 22,23; 5 Mos 22,25; 5 Mos 22,27; 5 Mos 22,28; 1 Kong 13,24; 1 Kong 20,36; 2 Kong 4,29; 2 Kong 10,13; 2 Kong 10,15; Hoj 3,3; Hoj 5,7; Hoj 5,8; Hoj 8,1 come upon = discover, 4 Mos 15,22; 4 Mos 15,33 of ׳י meeting (finding) Israel in desert Hos 9,10 compare Hos 12,5; 5 Mos 32,10 angel finding Hagar 1 Mos 16,7 (J); ׳י finding David Sl 89,21.
\ \ b. hit, with accusative of person, subject bowmen 1 Sam 31,3 = 1 Kron 10,3 subject axe 5 Mos 19,5.
\ \ c. subject hand Es 10,14 (figurative, in metaphor, of reaching nests), compare vEs 10,10, 1 Sam 23,17 (of Saul's taking David), Sl 21,9 (followed by לְ), vSl 21,9 (c, accusative); כֹּל אֲשֶׁר תִּמְצָא יָָֽדְךָ לַעֲשׂוֺת Praed 9,10 sin (i.e. its punishment) will light upon you 4 Mos 32,23.
\ \ d. subject fire, קֹצִים כִּי תֵצֵא אֵשׁ וּמָֽצְאָה 2 Mos 22,5 (E).
\ \ e. befal, with accusative of person Jos 2,23 (JE); of evil 1 Mos 44,34 (J), 5 Mos 4,30; 5 Mos 31,17 (twice in verse); 5 Mos 31,21; Dom 6,13; 2 Kong 7,9; Job 31,29; Sl 116,3; Sl 119,143; Est 8,6 subject תְּלָאָה 2 Mos 18,8 (E), 4 Mos 20,14 (JE), Neh 9,32.

4. noteworthy phrases are: יָדֶ֑ךָ ׳כַּאֲשֶׁר תִּמ Dom 9,33 according to what thy hand findeth, i.e. as the occasion may demand, so 1 Sam 10,7 (with accusative; compare Praed 9,10 3 c); but Praed 25,8 = what thou chancest to have, compare כְלִי זָהָב ׳אֲשֶׁר מ 4 Mos 31,50 (P); וְלֹא יִמְצָאֻהוּ Job 20,8 = and he shall not be, shall no longer exist, compare Es 41,12; Praed 9,15 they found in it = there happened to be in it; אֶתלִֿבּוֺ לְהִתְפַּלֵּל ׳מ 2 Sam 7,27 he found the heart (took courage) to pray = 1 Kron 17,25 (omit אתלֿבו, perhaps ancient textual error); לֹא מָֽצְאוּ יְדֵיהֶם Sl 76,6 they did not find their hands, were not able to use them, were paralyzed; חַיַּת יָדֵךְ מָצָאתְ Es 57,10 = (perhaps) experience renewal of thy strength (compare I. חַיָּה above Che^Comm.; for other interpretations of ׳ח, ידך, see Ew Di Du Che^Hpt); כְּדֵי נְאֻלָּתוֺ וּמָצָא 3 Mos 25,26 = and he find (that he has) enough for its redemption (compare דַּי), so דֵּי הָשִׁיב מָֽצְאָה יָדוֺ v3 Mos 25,28, יָדָהּ דֵּי שֶׂה ׳תִּמ 3 Mos 12,8 (compare תַּגִּיעַ 3 Mos 5,7); without דַּי, וְלֹא מָֽצְאוּ לָהֶם כֵּן Dom 21,14 = (probably) and they (the Israelites) did not find enough for them, even so (compare GFM); also וּמָצָא לָהֶם 4 Mos 11,22 (twice in verse) (JE) and so one find (= there be found) enough for them (compare Niph`al Jos 17,16; Zak 10,10).

1. a. of a thing lost (asses) 1 Sam 9,20; 1 Sam 10,2; 1 Sam 10,16 stolen 1 Mos 44,9; 1 Mos 44,10; 1 Mos 44,12; 1 Mos 44,16; 1 Mos 44,17 (J); 2 Mos 21,16 (all with בְּיַד); sought, wisdom Job 28,12; Job 28,13; Ord 10,13
\ \ b. of thing found unexpectedly, book 2 Kong 22,13; 2 Kong 23,2 = 2 Kron 34,21; 2 Kron 34,30 of corpse 5 Mos 21,1.
\ \ c. = be lighted upon, encountered; of breaches in temple 2 Kong 12,6 of cities Dom 20,48b; of persons in captured city 2 Kong 25,19 (twice in verse) = Jer 52,25 (twice in verse), 5 Mos 20,11, compare 2 Mos 9,19 (J), Dom 20,48a Es 13,15; Es 22,3; Jer 41,8 be discovered, of a condition, situation 5 Mos 22,20 (בתולים); טוֺב נִמְצָאבֿוֺ דָּבָר 1 Kong 14,13, compare 2 Kron 19,3.
\ \ d. be found written (כתוב), Neh 13,1; Est 6,2 of persons Dan 12,1.
\ \ e. = appeared, were recognized, of words of ׳י Jer 15,16. feminine of persons sought 1 Mos 18,29; 1 Mos 18,30; 1 Mos 18,21; 1 Mos 18,32 (J), Jos 10,17 (JE), 1 Sam 10,21; 2 Sam 7,12; 1 Kron 26,31 in geneal. register Ezr 2,62 = Neh 7,64 of ׳י, specifically, let himself be found of (by) any one: followed by לְ person Es 65,1; Jer 29,14; 1 Kron 28,9; 2 Kron 15,2; 2 Kron 15,4; 2 Kron 15,15, absolute Es 55,6.
\ \ g. = be discovered, detected: (1) of iniquity, crime: 2 Mos 22,3 (twice in verse) (E), 1 Sam 25,28; 1 Kong 1,52; Jer 2,34; Ezk 28,15; Job 19,28; Mal 2,6, compare Mik 1,13; 2 Kron 36,8; Est 2,23. (2) of wrong-doers 2 Mos 22,1; 2 Mos 22,6; 2 Mos 22,7 (E), 5 Mos 22,22; 5 Mos 22,28; 5 Mos 24,7; Jer 2,26; Jer 48,27; Jer 50,24 (|| נִלְבַּדְתְּ, נִתְפַּשְׂתְּ), Ord 6,31; Ezr 10,18.
\ \ h. = be gained, secured, as a crop, of fruit, figurative מִמֶּנִּי פֶּדְיְךָ נִמְצָא Hos 14,9 (compare Qal 1 Mos 26,12; Praed 11,1)
\ \ i. = be discoverable, to be found Job 42,15; Dan 1,19 (compare Es 55,6 above 1 f).

2. be found = be:
\ \ a. with בְּיַד be found in one's hand = onehappens to have 1 Sam 9,8; 1 Sam 13,22 (twice in verse), compare (without ביד) 1 Sam 23,4.
\ \ b. with לְ person, = be in the possession of: 5 Mos 21,17, with אֶתֿ (preposition) person 2 Mos 35,23; 2 Mos 35,24; 1 Kron 29,8.
\ \ c. be found in (ב) a place, especially of wealth, treasure, 1 Mos 47,14 (J), 2 Kong 12,11; 2 Kong 12,19; 2 Kong 14,14; 2 Kong 16,8; 2 Kong 18,15; 2 Kong 20,13 = Es 39,2; 2 Kong 22,9; 2 Kron 21,17; 2 Kron 25,24; 2 Kron 34,17 compare 2 Mos 12,19; Jer 41,3; 1 Kron 4,41 = happen to be, be, 5 Mos 17,2; 5 Mos 18,10; Jer 5,26; Es 35,9; Es 51,3; Es 65,8 with negative = be no more Sef 3,13; Ezk 26,21; Sl 37,36 (|| אֵינֶנּוּ), Dan 11,19.
\ \ d. = be left after war, violence, etc., 1 Sam 13,19; 2 Sam 17,13; Es 30,14; 2 Kong 19,4 = Es 37,4.
\ \ e. = be present 1 Mos 19,15 (J), 1 Sam 13,15; 1 Sam 13,16; 1 Sam 21,4 especially late, 1 Kron 29,17; 2 Kron 5,11; 2 Kron 29,29; 2 Kron 30,21; 2 Kron 31,1; 2 Kron 34,32; 2 Kron 34,33; 2 Kron 35,7; 2 Kron 35,17; 2 Kron 35,18; Ezr 8,25; Est 1,5; Est 4,16. feminine = prove to be, after numbering, 1 Kron 24,4; 2 Kron 2,16 of ׳י, עֶזְדָה בְצָדוֺת נִמְצָא Sl 46,2.

3. be (found) sufficient: לֹא יִמָצֵא לָנוּ הָהָד Jos 17,16 (JE), compare Zak 10,10 (also Qal 4 Mos 11,22; Dom 21,14).

1. cause to find, attain, with accusative of person Job 34,11 (subject God).

2. cause to light upon, come upon, come with accusative of cloud Job 37,13 (dubious)

3. cause to encounter, deliver up to, with accusative of person, + בְּיַד 2 Sam 3,8 (subject man), Zak 11,6 (subject God).

4. present unto (אֶלֿ), of Aaron's sons ministering unto him, with accusative of offering, and of blood, 3 Mos 9,12; 3 Mos 9,13; 3 Mos 9,18.