מַעַל
Engelsk higher part, above, upwards
I GT 170 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)
Brown-Driver-Briggs
מַ֫עַל140 substantive, higher part, only in adverb and preposition phrases, above, upwards (Phoenician מעל, see below מַ֫טּה p. 641: abbreviated from מַעֲלֶה; compare מַ֫עַן in לְמַ֫עַן from ׃עָנָה Köii. 116): —
1. מִמַּ֫עַל = above (see מִן 1 c)
\ \ a. as adverb Amos 2,9 וָאַשְׁמִיד פִּרְיוֺ מִמֵּעַל his fruit above (opposed to שָׁרָשָׁיו מִתָּ֑חַת), Job 18,16; 1 Kong 7,3; 1 Kong 7,20; 1 Kong 7,29 often in the phrase הַשָּׁמַמַיִם מִמַּעַל 5 Mos 4,39; 5 Mos 5,8 ( = 2 Mos 20,4), Jos 2,11; 1 Kong 8,23; Es 45,8; Jer 4,28 compare ׳שְׁחָקִים מ Sl 78,23; Ord 8,28, ׳אֱלוֺהַּ מ Job 3,4; Job 31,2, ׳אֵל מ Job 31,28.
\ \ b. מִמַּעַל לְ, as preposition (מן 1 c), on the top of, above, 1 Mos 22,9 ממעל לָעֵצִים above the wood, 2 Mos 28,27 = 2 Mos 39,20, 3 Mos 11,21 כְּרָעַיִם מִמַּעַל לְרַגְלָיו, Es 6,2 שְׁרָפִים עֹמדים מִמַּעַל לוֺ, Es 14,13; Jer 43,10; Ezk 1,26; Dan 12,6; Dan 12,7 = on higher ground than, Jer 35,4 figurative Jer 52,32 (|| 2 Kong 25,28 מֵעַל).
\ \ a. as adverb Amos 2,9 וָאַשְׁמִיד פִּרְיוֺ מִמֵּעַל his fruit above (opposed to שָׁרָשָׁיו מִתָּ֑חַת), Job 18,16; 1 Kong 7,3; 1 Kong 7,20; 1 Kong 7,29 often in the phrase הַשָּׁמַמַיִם מִמַּעַל 5 Mos 4,39; 5 Mos 5,8 ( = 2 Mos 20,4), Jos 2,11; 1 Kong 8,23; Es 45,8; Jer 4,28 compare ׳שְׁחָקִים מ Sl 78,23; Ord 8,28, ׳אֱלוֺהַּ מ Job 3,4; Job 31,2, ׳אֵל מ Job 31,28.
\ \ b. מִמַּעַל לְ, as preposition (מן 1 c), on the top of, above, 1 Mos 22,9 ממעל לָעֵצִים above the wood, 2 Mos 28,27 = 2 Mos 39,20, 3 Mos 11,21 כְּרָעַיִם מִמַּעַל לְרַגְלָיו, Es 6,2 שְׁרָפִים עֹמדים מִמַּעַל לוֺ, Es 14,13; Jer 43,10; Ezk 1,26; Dan 12,6; Dan 12,7 = on higher ground than, Jer 35,4 figurative Jer 52,32 (|| 2 Kong 25,28 מֵעַל).
2. With ָ ה locative מַ֫עְלָה, מָ֑עְלָה upwards (opposed to מַ֫טָּה p. 641) :
\ \ a. figurative 5 Mos 28,43 יַעֲלֶה עֶלֶיךָ מַ֫עְלָה מָ֫עְלָה upwards, upwards, i.e. higher and higher (opposed to מַ֫טָּה מָֽטָה).
\ \ b. וָמַ֫עְלָה
\ \ \ (a) of direction in space, Dom 1,36 מֵהַסֶּלַע וָמַ֫עְלָה from the rock and upwards (compare Bu), 1 Kong 7,31 (corrupt: see Sta VB Benz), 1 Sam 9,2 = 1 Sam 10,23 מִשִּׁכְמוֺ וָמַ֫עְלָה from his shoulder and upwards: so ׳וּלְמ, Ezk 1,27 מִמַּרְאֵה מָתְנָיו וּלְמָ֑עְלָה Ezk 8,2; Ezk 43,5.
\ \ \ (b) of direction in time, or age: —
\ \ \ (a) מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָ֑עְלָה 2 Mos 30,14; 4 Mos 1,3 + 19 t. P, ׳מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ חֹדֶשׁ וָמ 4 Mos 3,15; 4 Mos 3,22 + 6 t. P, simil. 4 Mos 4,3; 4 Mos 8,24 + 7 t. P; elsewhere only 1 Kron 23,3; 1 Kron 23,24; Ezr 3,8, and with וּלְמַעְלָה 1 Kron 23,17; 2 Kron 31,16; 2 Kron 31,17 ׳לְמִבֶּן ֗֗֗ וָמ 2 Kron 25,5 and 2 Kong 3,21 מִכֹּל חֹגֵר חֲגֹרָה ׳וָמ. (β) ׳מהיום ההוא וָמ from that day and onwards, 1 Sam 16,13; 1 Sam 30,25. (γ) ׳מן היום הזִה וָמ from this day and upwards (i.e. and back), Hag 2,15; Hag 2,18
\ \ a. figurative 5 Mos 28,43 יַעֲלֶה עֶלֶיךָ מַ֫עְלָה מָ֫עְלָה upwards, upwards, i.e. higher and higher (opposed to מַ֫טָּה מָֽטָה).
\ \ b. וָמַ֫עְלָה
\ \ \ (a) of direction in space, Dom 1,36 מֵהַסֶּלַע וָמַ֫עְלָה from the rock and upwards (compare Bu), 1 Kong 7,31 (corrupt: see Sta VB Benz), 1 Sam 9,2 = 1 Sam 10,23 מִשִּׁכְמוֺ וָמַ֫עְלָה from his shoulder and upwards: so ׳וּלְמ, Ezk 1,27 מִמַּרְאֵה מָתְנָיו וּלְמָ֑עְלָה Ezk 8,2; Ezk 43,5.
\ \ \ (b) of direction in time, or age: —
\ \ \ (a) מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָ֑עְלָה 2 Mos 30,14; 4 Mos 1,3 + 19 t. P, ׳מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ חֹדֶשׁ וָמ 4 Mos 3,15; 4 Mos 3,22 + 6 t. P, simil. 4 Mos 4,3; 4 Mos 8,24 + 7 t. P; elsewhere only 1 Kron 23,3; 1 Kron 23,24; Ezr 3,8, and with וּלְמַעְלָה 1 Kron 23,17; 2 Kron 31,16; 2 Kron 31,17 ׳לְמִבֶּן ֗֗֗ וָמ 2 Kron 25,5 and 2 Kong 3,21 מִכֹּל חֹגֵר חֲגֹרָה ׳וָמ. (β) ׳מהיום ההוא וָמ from that day and onwards, 1 Sam 16,13; 1 Sam 30,25. (γ) ׳מן היום הזִה וָמ from this day and upwards (i.e. and back), Hag 2,15; Hag 2,18
**and onwards (as β) is more probably: see Now WeKl. Proph. ed. 8 {1898} Marti Dr.
\ \ c. לְמַ֫עְלָךְ upwards, more common than ׳מ alone (a):
\ \ \ (a) 2 Mos 25,20 (= 2 Mos 37,9) ֹפּרְשֵׂי ׳כְנָפַיִם למ Dom 7,13 ׳ויהפכחו למ overthrew it upwards, i.e. turned it downside up, Es 7,11 ׳אוֺ הַגְבֵּהַּ למ or make it (the request) high upwards, Es 8,21 ׳וּפָנָה למ, Es 37,31 (2 Kong 19,30) ועשׂה פרי ׳למ (compare Amos 2,9, 1 a), Ezk 41,7 a β (v:a α bis ׳למ ׳למ = higher and higher), Sl 74,5 figurative ׳וְהָיִיתָ רַק למ 5 Mos 28,13 (comparea), Ord 15,24 ׳אֹרַח חַיִּים למ (opposed to שְׁאוֺל מָֽטָּה ׃), compare Praed 3,21 followed by a noun, Ezr 9,6 רּאשׁ ׳למ over the head, followed by מֵעַל (compare Aboth Ezr 2,1 לְמַעְלָה מִן) = above, 2 Kron 34,4: see also b a, b a. (b) metaphor = exceedingly, only in Chronicles: 1 Kron 14,2; 1 Kron 22,5 the house must be built to J. ׳לְהַגְדִּיל למ so as to shew greatness exceedingly, 1 Kron 23,17 ׳רָבוּ למ ׳וּבְנֵי ר, 1 Kron 29,3 (followed by מִ ן; = over and above ...), v1 Kron 29,25; 2 Kron 1,1 ׳וַיְגַדְּלֵהוּ למ, 2 Kron 20,19 עַד לְמַ֫עְלָה, 2 Kron 16,12; 2 Kron 17,12; 2 Kron 26,8.
\ \ d. מִלְמַ֫עְלָה (see מִן 9 a), adverb, above (the more usual prose synonym of מִמַּעַל): 1 Mos 6,16 אֶלאַֿמָּה תְּכַלֶּנָּה ׳מ 1 Mos 7,20 15 cubits ׳מ (i.e. above the mountain-tops), 2 Mos 25,21 (2 Mos 40,20) ׳וְנָתַתָּ֫ה אֶתהַֿכַּפֹּרֶת על הארון מ upon the ark above, 2 Mos 26,14 (2 Mos 36,19; 2 Mos 40,19; 4 Mos 4,25) a covering of skins on the tent ׳מ above, 4 Mos 39,31; 4 Mos 4,6; 1 Kong 7,11; 1 Kong 7,25; 1 Kong 8,7 (2 Kron 4,4; 2 Kron 5,8), Jer 31,37 ׳אִם יִמַּדּוּ שָׁמַיִם מ (compare 1 a), Ezk 1,11 ׳פְּרֻדוֺת מ separate above, vEzk 1,22 vEzk 1,26; Ezk 10,19; Ezk 11,22; Ezk 37,8 from above, Jos 3,13; Jos 3,16 ׳הַמַּיִם הַיֹּרְדִים מ.
\ \ c. לְמַ֫עְלָךְ upwards, more common than ׳מ alone (a):
\ \ \ (a) 2 Mos 25,20 (= 2 Mos 37,9) ֹפּרְשֵׂי ׳כְנָפַיִם למ Dom 7,13 ׳ויהפכחו למ overthrew it upwards, i.e. turned it downside up, Es 7,11 ׳אוֺ הַגְבֵּהַּ למ or make it (the request) high upwards, Es 8,21 ׳וּפָנָה למ, Es 37,31 (2 Kong 19,30) ועשׂה פרי ׳למ (compare Amos 2,9, 1 a), Ezk 41,7 a β (v:a α bis ׳למ ׳למ = higher and higher), Sl 74,5 figurative ׳וְהָיִיתָ רַק למ 5 Mos 28,13 (comparea), Ord 15,24 ׳אֹרַח חַיִּים למ (opposed to שְׁאוֺל מָֽטָּה ׃), compare Praed 3,21 followed by a noun, Ezr 9,6 רּאשׁ ׳למ over the head, followed by מֵעַל (compare Aboth Ezr 2,1 לְמַעְלָה מִן) = above, 2 Kron 34,4: see also b a, b a. (b) metaphor = exceedingly, only in Chronicles: 1 Kron 14,2; 1 Kron 22,5 the house must be built to J. ׳לְהַגְדִּיל למ so as to shew greatness exceedingly, 1 Kron 23,17 ׳רָבוּ למ ׳וּבְנֵי ר, 1 Kron 29,3 (followed by מִ ן; = over and above ...), v1 Kron 29,25; 2 Kron 1,1 ׳וַיְגַדְּלֵהוּ למ, 2 Kron 20,19 עַד לְמַ֫עְלָה, 2 Kron 16,12; 2 Kron 17,12; 2 Kron 26,8.
\ \ d. מִלְמַ֫עְלָה (see מִן 9 a), adverb, above (the more usual prose synonym of מִמַּעַל): 1 Mos 6,16 אֶלאַֿמָּה תְּכַלֶּנָּה ׳מ 1 Mos 7,20 15 cubits ׳מ (i.e. above the mountain-tops), 2 Mos 25,21 (2 Mos 40,20) ׳וְנָתַתָּ֫ה אֶתהַֿכַּפֹּרֶת על הארון מ upon the ark above, 2 Mos 26,14 (2 Mos 36,19; 2 Mos 40,19; 4 Mos 4,25) a covering of skins on the tent ׳מ above, 4 Mos 39,31; 4 Mos 4,6; 1 Kong 7,11; 1 Kong 7,25; 1 Kong 8,7 (2 Kron 4,4; 2 Kron 5,8), Jer 31,37 ׳אִם יִמַּדּוּ שָׁמַיִם מ (compare 1 a), Ezk 1,11 ׳פְּרֻדוֺת מ separate above, vEzk 1,22 vEzk 1,26; Ezk 10,19; Ezk 11,22; Ezk 37,8 from above, Jos 3,13; Jos 3,16 ׳הַמַּיִם הַיֹּרְדִים מ.
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4. Mosebog
Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.