מִצְרַיִם

2.), Egypt, Egyptians (Phoenician מצרם; Assyrian Mªƒªr(u), Muƒru, Miƒir, Dl^{Par 308} Schr^{COT Glossary KGF 246 ff.}, Tel Amarna Miƒrî, Wkl^{TA 39 *} Bez^{BM 152, and} Mašrî Wkl^l.c.; Arabic Cairo, Egypt (Spiro): Minean Miƒru Hom^{A and A. (1892), 125}; see Eb^{ÄgM 71 ff.}; ᵐ5 Αιγυπτος; — derivatives and form dubious; יִַ֯ם usually regarded as dual term. (Upper and Lower Egypt? compare Di^{1 Mos 10,6}), but as locative ending EMey^{Geschichte. I, § 42} Ba^{NB p. 319 R. 5}; Jen^{ZA iv (1889), 268 ff.} thinks מִצְרַיִם absolute formed by analogy of מַיִם, שָׁמַיִם from Miƒrî (compare Tel Amarna); see further Wkl^{infra, near the end}); — ׳מ 1 Mos 13,1 +; מִצְרָ֑יִם 1 Mos 37,36 +; מִצְרַיְמָה 1 Mos 12,10 + 12 t., מִצְרָ֑יְמָה 1 Mos 12,11 + 14 t.; —

1. a. of land, Egypt 1 Mos 13,1 + 500 t., +, in all periods, including ׳אֶרֶץ מ 1 Mos 13,10 + approximately 220 t. (of course feminine, 1 Mos 47,6; 1 Mos 47,13); ׳אַדְמַת מ the soil of Egypt 1 Mos 47,20; 1 Mos 47,26 ׳מֵימֵי מ 2 Mos 7,19; 2 Mos 8,2 ׳נְהַר מ 1 Mos 15,18 ׳יְאֹר מ Amos 8,8; Amos 9,5 ׳יְאֹרֵי מ Es 7,18 (compare מָצוֺר); ׳שִׁיחוֺר מ 1 Kron 13,5 לְשׁוֺן ׳יָםמֿ Es 11,15 ׳נַחַל מ Jos 15,4 + 6 t. (see these various words); land as productive 1 Mos 45,20; 1 Mos 49,23, compare ׳שֵׁשׁ בְּרִקְמָה מִמּ Ezk 27,7, ׳אֵטוּן מ Ord 7,16 often || בּוּשׁ, especially in prophets and poetry Es 20,3; Es 20,4; Es 20,5; Es 45,14; Ezk 30,4; Ezk 30,9 +; || אַשּׁוּר Hos 11,11; Hos 12,1; Es 7,18; Jer 2,18 +; including Upper Egypt (פַּתְרוֺם), as well as Lower, Jer 44,1, compare Ezk 29,10; Ezk 30,6 apparently distinguished from Upper Egypt Es 11,11, and possibly also Jer 44,15 (compare Gf Gie Buhl SS Che^{Hpt Isaiah}); but פתרוס etc. in these verses somewhat dubious (compare B. Du Gie).
\ \ b. combinations are: (1)׳מ as limit of motion: יָדַד מצרימ(הׅ 1 Mos 43,15; Jos 24,4 + approximately 12 t.; ׳בּוֺא מ 1 Sam 12,8 + approximately 26 t., ׳בוא בְמ Es 19,23, ׳בוא לְמ Jer 44,28 ׳שׁוּב מ Hos 8,3 + 9 t., ׳שׁוּב אֶלמֿ Hos 11,5, שׁוּב ׳לְאַרְצוֺ מ Jer 37,7 ׳בָּרַח מ 1 Kong 11,40 ׳שָׁלַח מ Jer 26,22, so ( + אֶלֿ) vJer 26,22. In Jer 42,16b read ׳בְּמ with Gie. (2) ׳מ as point of departure (הֶעֱלָה) ׳עָלָה מִןֿ(ארץ) מ 1 Mos 13,1 + approximately 43 t.; יָצָא (הוֺצִיא) ׳מִןֿ(ארץ) מ 2 Mos 12,39 + approximately 96 t.; ׳פָּדָה מִמּ 2 Sam 7,23 (but strike out Gei^{Urschr. 288} We Dr Kit Bu) = 1 Kron 17,21 ׳בּוֺא מִמּ 2 Kron 12,3; 2 Kron 20,10 ׳שׁוּב מִמּ Jer 44,28; 2 Kron 10,2 ׳אָתָה מִמּ Sl 68,32 ׳קָרָא מִמּ Hos 11,1. 2. of people: a. in table of nations, personified as second son of Ham 1 Mos 10,6 = 1 Kron 1,8, compare 1 Mos 10,13 = 1 Kron 1,11.
\ \ b. = Egypt (as a people), Egyptians 1 Mos 41,56 + approximately 134 t., including use = Egyptian Kingdom, empire, i.e. land and people as political power; so with verb feminine singular ׳אָֽבְדָה מ 2 Mos 10,7, compare Hos 9,6; Joel 4,19 and (pronoun feminine singular) Ezk 30,18 with verb masculine singular 2 Mos 12,33; 2 Mos 14,25; Es 19,16; Es 19,23; Es 19,25; Jer 46,8 often with verb masculine plural 1 Mos 41,55; Es 19,21; Es 19,23 + 22 t.; ׳בִּנֵי מ Ezk 16,26 ׳בְּתוּלַת בַּת מ Jer 46,11, compare vJer 46,19 vJer 46,24. — In 1 Kong 10,28 = 2 Kron 1,16; 2 Kron 1,17; 2 Kong 7,6 Wkl^{Alttest. Unters. 171 f.} thinks of Assyrian Muƒri in North Syria. (On מִצְרַיִם as often = Muƒri in North Arabia see Wkl^{Altor. Unters. i. 24 ff., ii. 195, iii. 289; iv. 337 f; MVG 1898, 1.4}).