Spring til indhold

שׁוּב

shûwb Strong H7725 udsagnsord

Engelsk turn back, return

I GT 1056 gange i den hebraiske tekst (BHSA)

Brown-Driver-Briggs

שׁוּב1056 verb turn back, return (Late Hebrew id.; Hiph`il in MI8 f. 12; Sabean תֿיב, התֿב, especially requite OsZMG xix (1865), 198 SabDenkmNo. 20, l. 1 HomChrest. 122 CISiv. 81, i. 9, etc.; Arabic return, so Aramaic תּוּב, ); —

Qal685 Perfect 3 masculine singular שָׁב 1 Mos 18,33 +, 3 feminine singular שָׁ֫בָה Rut 1,15 +, וְשָׁבַת consecutive Ezk 46,17 (Ges«GKC:72o»§ 72o, but Co Toy Krae וְשֶׁבָה), 2 masculine singular שַׁבְתָּ Sl 85,2, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשׁוּב Hos 11,5 + often, יָשֻׁב Sl 146,4; Klg 3,3, jussive יָשֹׁב Dom 7,3 +, וַיָּ֫שָׁב 1 Mos 26,18 +; 3 feminine plural תָּשֹׁבְןָ Ezk 16,55 (twice in verse), תְּשֻׁבֶינָה vEzk 16,55, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שׁוּב 1 Mos 31,3 +, שֻׁב 2 Mos 4,19; 1 Kong 18,43, שׁוּ֫בָה Hos 14,2 +, feminine plural שֹׁבְנָה Rut 1,8; Rut 1,11; Rut 1,12, etc.; Infinitive absolute שׁוֺב 1 Mos 8,3 +, construct שׁוּב 2 Mos 4,21 +, שֹׁב Jos 2,16 (Ges«GKC:72q»§ 72q), etc.; Participle שָׁב 1 Mos 43,18 +, feminine singular שָׁבָ֫ה Rut 1,22 +, etc.; passive construct שׁוּבֵי Mik 2,8 — turn back, return:
1. turn back, with מִן local Dom 3,19; Dom 8,13, compare Dom 7,3, with מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. from following 2 Sam 11,15; 1 Kong 19,21; Rut 1,16, from pursuing 2 Sam 2,26; 2 Sam 2,30; 1 Kong 22,33 = 2 Kron 18,32 with מִן of pursuit 1 Sam 17,53; 1 Sam 23,28, compare 2 Kron 11,4 with אַחֲרֵי person, i.e. so as to follow 1 Sam 15,31; 2 Sam 23,10 turn back in fear, מִן of thing Job 39,22 (of horse), מִפְּנֵי כֹל Ord 30,30 (of lion), so absolute (of foes) Sl 6,11; Sl 56,10; Sl 70,4, in shame Klg 1,8 turn back and do so and so: 1 Mos 14,7; 2 Mos 14,2, compare 4 Mos 33,7 (עַל location, both P), Jos 8,21 (E), Jos 11,10 (J), 1 Kron 21,20, followed by infinitive 2 Kron 20,27 absolute turn back (face about) Hoj 7,1 (4 t. in verse) (+ verb); = be repulsed, defeated Sl 9,4; Sl 74,21 figurative turn back, namely, from a promise or a vow Dom 11,35 with מִן of service 4 Mos 8,25 (P), i.e. be exempt.
2. return, come or go back, with מֵעַל person 1 Sam 17,15 (opposed to הלד), 2 Sam 10,14; 2 Kong 18,14, מִן person Jos 10,31 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם), מִן local, especially from foreign land 2 Kong 8,3; 2 Kron 10,2; Rut 1,6; Rut 1,22; Rut 2,6; Rut 4,3; Jer 31,16; Jer 40,12; Jer 43,5; Jer 44,28; Ezr 6,21; Neh 8,17, מֵהַכּוֺת 1 Mos 14,17 (J E ?), 1 Sam 17,57; 1 Sam 18,6; 2 Sam 1,1; 2 Sam 8,13, מֵאַחֲרֵי i.e. from pursuing 1 Sam 24,2 (Gi v.1 Sam 23,1); figurative, מִנִּי חשֶׁךְ ׳לֹא שׁ Job 15,22 (see חשֶׁךְ 3 a); עִבְרוּ זָשׁוּבוּ מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר 2 Mos 32,27 (J), i.e. go back and forth from gate to gate, compare (absolute) participle as substantive עֹבֵר וָשָׁב Zak 7,14; Zak 9,8 and (= all persons) Ezk 35,7 also וַיֵּצֵא יָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב 1 Mos 8,7 (J), רָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Ezk 1,14 (strike out Hi Co Toy and others; yet see Krae); 1 Mos 8,3 (J) see הלד 4 c (4).
3. especially return unto:
\ \ a. go back, אֶל person 4 Mos 23,5; 4 Mos 23,16 (JE), 2 Kong 1,6 (|| הָלַךְ, as often), 2 Mos 5,22 (J; ׳אֶליֿ), 2 Mos 32,31 (E; id), 4 Mos 17,15 (P), 2 Sam 20,22 (+ accusative of location), Jer 46,16 (both + אֶל location), + 17 t.; אֶל location also 1 Mos 21,32; 1 Mos 28,21 (both E), 2 Sam 11,4; Hos 5,15 (of ׳י), 2 Kron 19,1 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם, + ל person), Est 2,14 (opposed to בּוֺא), Est 7,8 (+ מִן local), + 27 t.; of a dog עַלקֵֿאוֺ ׳שׁ Ord 26,11 ל location 1 Mos 18,33 (J), 1 Sam 26,25; 1 Sam 29,4; 1 Kong 19,15 (+ ה- locative), 1 Mos 33,16 (J; לְדַרְכּוֺ, + id.), Sl 7,8 (of ׳י), + 25 t.; ל person Rut 1,10 (לְעַמֵךְ); ה- locative also 1 Mos 44,13 (J), 2 Mos 4,20; 2 Mos 4,21 (R), 2 Mos 13,17 (E), + 5 t.; שָׁם (= שָׁ֫מָּה) Jer 22,27 accusative of location also Hos 8,13; Hos 9,3; 1 Sam 18,2; 2 Sam 3,27; 2 Sam 15,27 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם), 2 Kong 2,25 (+ מִן local), + 15 t.; accusative דֶּרֶךָ Ezk 46,9 accusative of person 4 Mos 10,36 אַחֲרֵי person Rut 1,15 absolute 2 Sam 3,16; 2 Sam 19,16 (+ בּוֺא), 1 Kong 18,43; Jer 40,5 (< strike out ᵐ5 Gie Du), Ezk 7,13b (strike out ᵐ5 Co Krae and others) +; followed by verb, go back and do so and so, 1 Mos 43,2; 1 Sam 1,19; 1 Sam 29,7 (שׁוּב וְלֵךְ בְּשָׁלוֺם), 1 Kong 13,22; 2 Kron 18,16 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם) +, (Jer 42,10 read יָשׁוֺב Vrss and modern); followed by infinitive purpose Dom 14,8; 2 Sam 6,20 + 10 t.
\ \ b. come back, אֶל person 1 Mos 8,9 (J; + אֶל location), 2 Mos 24,14 (J), 1 Sam 23,23 + 2 Sam 17,3 (ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr HPS Bu), 1 Kong 12,15 (opposed to הָלַךְ) + 9 t. + (in hostility) Dom 20,48 אֶל location also Zak 8,3 (subject ׳י); Jos 22,32 (P) has מֵאֵת person + מִן local + אֶל location + אֶל person; אֶל of thing Ezk 7,13 עַל person Neh 4,6; Mik 5,2 (be reunited to); עַל location 1 Kong 17,21; 1 Kong 17,22 ל location Jos 1,15 (R), Zak 1,16 (subject ׳י), 2 Kron 30,9 + (from exile) 5 t.; ל animal., Job 39,4 ה- locative 1 Mos 15,16 (E), 1 Mos 50,14 (J); accusative of location 2 Kron 19,8 שָׁם Jer 20,11 (opposed to יָצָא), שָׁ֫מָּה vJer 20,27, הֵ֫נָּה Jer 31,8 absolute 1 Mos 43,10 (J), 2 Sam 10,5; 2 Kong 1,5; Es 21,12 (|| אָתָה), Job 39,12 (Kt, so Bu Du; of wild ox), + often; + בְּשָׁלוֺם Dom 8,9; 1 Kong 22,28 (שׁוֺב תָּשׁוּב) = 2 Kron 18,27; 2 Kron 18,26 + verb, come back and do so and so, 5 Mos 1,45; 5 Mos 30,8; Jer 37,8; 1 Kong 19,7; 1 Kong 20,5; 2 Kong 9,36; Sl 60,2 (title), compare Zak 4,1; Dan 11,10, לָשֶׁבֶת ׳שׁ 4 Mos 35,32 (P), לָלֶכֶת ׳שׁ Praed 5,14.
4. a. of dying, אֶלֿ(הֶ)עָפָר ׳שׁ 1 Mos 3,19 (twice in verse) (J), Sl 104,29; Praed 3,20, עַלעָֿפָר Job 34,15 לְאַדְמָתוֺ ׳שׁ Sl 146,4, compare אָשׁוּב שָׁ֫מָּה (i.e. בֶּטֶן אִמּוֺ) Job 1,21 (see Di Bu, also Praed 5,14); לִשְׁא֑וֺלָה ׳שׁ Sl 9,18 so probably absolute Sl 90,3 (> come back to life); of (human) dust, עַלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳שׁ Praed 12,7 breath, אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהַים ׳שׁ vPraed 12,7.
\ \ b. of revival from death, לְבֵיתוֺ ׳שׁ Job 7,10, absolute Job 10,21 (opposed to הָלַךְ), Job 16,22 (id.), Ord 2,19 also with אֶל person 2 Sam 12,13.
5. figurative of human relations:
\ \ a. return to leader, king, אֶל person, Dom 11,8; 1 Kong 12,27 (twice in verse); to divorced wife Jer 3,1 (opposed to הלד).
\ \ b. = change so as to approach (in purpose, desire), אֶלֿ person Jer 15,9 (twice in verse).
\ \ c. turn, i.e. resort to, ל person Sl 119,79.
\ \ d. return to a physical condition Job 33,25 (ל of thing); to a state or course of life, ל of thing Es 23,17; Ezk 16,55 (3 t. in verse); Neh 9,17; Sl 85,9 עַל of thing Jer 11,10, הֲלוֺם Sl 73,10 (but corrupt); ב Jer 8,6 (Du reads שָׁט for שָׁב).
\ \ e. absolute = change course of action; from good to bad, וַיָּשָׁב וַיִּמְרָראבּוֺ 2 Kong 24,1; Jer 34,11; Jer 34,16 bad to good vJer 34,15 so ׳שׁ alone Job 6,29 (twice in verse) (probably; read וְשׁוּבוּ, so Di Da Bu and others; other interpretations De Du and others). feminine passive participle = averse, שׁוּבֵי מִלְחָמָה Mik 2,8 (> We Now שְׁבִי spoil of war).
6. figurative, specifically of spiritual relations:
\ \ a. turn back from God, = apostatize, ׳מֵאַחֲרֵי י 4 Mos 14,43 (J), 1 Sam 15,11; 1 Kong 9,6 (שׁוֺב תְּשֻׁב֫וּן), Jer 3,19; 4 Mos 32,15; Jos 22,16; Jos 22,18; Jos 22,23; Jos 22,29 (all P); absolute (usually + verb) Dom 2,19; Dom 8,33; Jos 23,12 (RD), Jer 8,4; Sl 78,41; 2 Kron 7,19.
\ \ b. of ׳י, turn away, מֵאַחֲרֵי person 5 Mos 23,15.
\ \ c. turn back to God (= seek penitently), ׳אֶליֿ Hos 6,1; Hos 7,10; Hos 14,3; Jer 3,7; 1 Kong 8,33; 1 Kong 8,48 (בְּכָלֿ לֵבָב), + 18 t.; אֶלאֱֿלֹהִים Hos 5,4; Sl 51,15, compare Es 10,21 ׳עַליֿ 2 Kron 15,4; 2 Kron 30,9 ׳עַדיֿ Amos 4,6; Amos 4,8; Amos 4,9; Amos 4,10; Amos 4,11; Hos 14,2; Es 9,12 + 5 t.; עַדשַֿׁדַּי Job 22,23 ׳לי Es 31,6, נַפְשִׁי ׳שׁ לִמְנוּחָ֑יְכְי Sl 116,7 compare לַבַּעַל Hos 7,16 (for לֹא עָל, Now, compare Marti); לְתוֺכַחְתִּי Ord 1,23 (probably strike out, see Toy).
\ \ d. absolute repent, Hos 3,15; Hos 11,5; Es 6,10; Es 10,22; Jer 3,7; Jer 3,12; Jer 3,14; Jer 3,22; Jer 4,1; Jer 5,3 + 14 t., + participle as substantive Es 1,27.
\ \ e. turn back from evil, with מִן (especially Jeremiah, Ezekiel) 1 Kong 8,35; 1 Kong 13,33; Jer 15,7; Jer 18,8 + 8 t. Jeremiah; Ezk 3,19; Ezk 13,22 + 12 t. Ezekiel,+ 9 t.; compare שָׁבֵי פֶשַׁע Es 59,20 שׁוּבוּ וְהָשִׁיבוּ מִן Ezk 18,30, so with מֵעַל Ezk 14,6 from good, with מִן, Ezk 3,20; Ezk 18,24; Ezk 18,26; Ezk 33,18. feminine of ׳י, מֵחֲרוֺן אַפּוֺ ׳שׁ 2 Mos 32,12 (JE), 5 Mos 13,18; Jos 7,26 (J), 2 Kong 23,26; Jon 3,9 ׳מִמֶּנּוּ אַףיֿ ׳שׁ Hos 14,5; Jer 2,35; Jer 4,8; 4 Mos 25,4 (P), 2 Kron 12,12; 2 Kron 29,10; 2 Kron 30,8, so (man's anger) 1 Mos 27,45 (J) and (absolute) v1 Mos 27,44 (E); absolute of ׳אַףיֿ Es 5,25; Es 9,11; Es 9,16; Es 9,20; Es 10,4; Es 12,1; (opposed to יָצָא vJer 23,19), Jer 30,24; Job 14,13; Dan 9,16.
\ \ g. of ׳י, return (to shew favour), אֶל person 1 Mos 18,10 (+ infinitive absolute), v1 Mos 18,14; Zak 1,3; Mal 3,7; 2 Kron 30,6, absolute Es 63,17; Sl 80,15 (|| הִבִּיט, פָּקַד), Sl 90,13, + verb Jer 12,15; Sl 6,5; Joel 2,14; Jon 3,9 also in hostility, + verb Jos 24,20 (E), with infinitive purpose Hos 11,9.
\ \ h. of ׳י, turn back from (מִן) judgment Jer 4,28, אֱמֶת Sl 132,11 מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. cease to bless, Jer 32,40.
7. of inanimate things (sometimes personified, or treated as things of life):
\ \ a. as perceptibly moving, water 1 Mos 8,3 (J; מֵעַל location), Jos 4,18 (J; ל location), 2 Mos 14,26 (P; עַל person), v2 Mos 14,28 (P; + verb), Sl 104,9 (ל infinitive), sea 2 Mos 14,27 (J; לְאֵיתָנוֺ); wind Sl 78,39 (opposed to הלד), Praed 1,6 (עַל location); shadow 2 Kong 20,9; 2 Kong 20,10 (+ אֲחֹרַנִּית), || Es 38,8 (sun on dial), of breath (= revive) Dom 15,19; 1 Sam 30,12 (אֶל person); clouds Praed 12,2 (מִן temporal); rain and snow Es 55,10 (ה locative); rolling stone Ord 26,27 sword 2 Sam 1,22 (מִן of thing), Ezk 21,10, arrow Jer 50,9 of plague-spot = re-appear, 3 Mos 14,43 (P).
\ \ b. = be brought back, 1 Mos 43,18 (J), 1 Sam 5,11 (ל location), hence be restored, ל person Ezk 46,17, so of kingdom 1 Kong 12,26, city 1 Sam 7,14 (Ezk 35,9 see ישׁב 4), field 3 Mos 27,24 (P); of animal 5 Mos 28,31.
\ \ c. = be turned into, ל of thing, Es 29,17 = be turned back into, עַד thing, Mik 1,7.
\ \ d. return, figurative of word, (1) Es 45,23, with אֶל person Es 55,11 (both opposed to יָצָא); (2) Sl 35,13 my prayer turned upon (עַל) my bosom (was uttered with bowed head, De Bae Du).
\ \ e. turn away, depart, of infamy Ord 25,10. feminine return (in recompense), of crime, evil, etc., with בְּראֹשׁ 1 Kong 2,33; Ob 1,15; Sl 7,17, עַלרֿאֹשׁ Est 9,25, ל person Sl 54,7 (Kt; > Qr Hiph`il), Ord 12,14.
\ \ g. Sl 94,15 judgement (-giving) shall return to (עַד) righteousness (be in accord therewith).
\ \ h. of boundary, = change (sometimes reverse) direction (P), ה- locative Jos 19,12 (+ מִן local), vJos 19,34 (+ accusative of location), accusative of location also vJos 19,27 vJos 19,29 (+ עַד location), vJos 19,29.
\ \ i. be restored to healthy condition, of withered hand 1 Kong 13,6 (twice in verse) (אֶל person), leprous hand 2 Mos 4,7 (J; with כ compare), flesh 2 Kong 5,10 (ל person), v2 Kong 5,14; 3 Mos 13,16 (|| נֶהְפַּךְ לְלָבָן).
8. denoting repetition, etc. (Ges«GKC:120d»§ 120 d g): + verb, return (and) do = do again, 1 Mos 26,18; 1 Mos 30,31; 4 Mos 11,4 (all J), Dom 19,7; 1 Sam 3,5; 1 Sam 3,6; 1 Kong 13,33; 1 Kong 19,6; 2 Kong 1,11; 2 Kong 1,13; 2 Kong 19,9; 2 Kong 21,3 = 2 Kron 33,3; Jer 18,4; Jer 36,28; Zak 5,1; Zak 6,1; Mal 1,4; Job 10,16; Job 17,10; Sl 7,13; Dan 9,25, perhaps also 2 Kron 19,4 compare Es 6,13 = it, in turn, shall be destroyed (destruction shall be repeated in its case), Klg 3,3 apparently = do repeatedly; ׳שׁ + Infinitive absolute Praed 4,1; Praed 4,7; Praed 9,11 in comparative עוֺד תָּשׁוּב תִּרְאֶה Ezk 8,6 thou shalt see yet greater abominations, so vEzk 8,13 and (מִן compare) vEzk 8,15 ׳שׁ + Infinitive construct 5 Mos 24,4; 5 Mos 30,9; Jos 5,2 (RD), Jer 36,28; Ezk 8,17; Ezr 9,14; Neh 9,28; Job 7,7; Praed 1,7 = reverse one's action, + verb Jos 2,23 (E), Hos 2,11; 2 Kong 13,25; 5 Mos 30,3; Mik 7,19; Zak 8,15; Sl 71,20 (twice in verse); Sl 85,7 = restore to original condition by doing, + verb 5 Mos 23,14.
9. transitive, peculiarly, in phrase ׳שׁ שְׁבוּת restore captivity of, etc., approximately 21 t. (see שְׁבוּת below שָׁבָה); צִיּוֺן ׳י ׳שׁ Es 52,8, ׳שׁ with suffix person Sl 85,5 elsewhere only ׳אֶתגְּֿאוֺן יַעֲקֹב וגו ׳וְשָׁב י Nah 2,3, compare
Hiph`il 6.

Po`el 1. bring back, Perfect 1 singular וְשֹׁבַבְתִּ֫י, with accusative of person + אֶל location Jer 50,19 (׳י subject), Infinitive construct suffix בְּשׁוֺבְבִי, with מִן local Ezk 39,27 and (figurative) לְשׁוֺבֵב, with אֶל person Es 49,5 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תְּשׁוֺבֵב לָנוּ Sl 60,3 = take us back into power.
2. a. figurative restore, refresh, 3 masculine singular נַפְשִׁי יְשׁוֺבֵב Sl 23,3 (׳י subject); compare Hiph`il 2 b. b. restore, repair, Participle מְשׁוֺבֵב נְתִיבוֺח לָשָׁ֑בֶת Es 58,12.
3. lead away (enticingly), Perfect 1 singular suffix (of Gog), ׳י subject, וְשׁוֺבַבְתִּיךָ Ezk 38,4 (strike out Co), ׳וְשׁ Ezk 39,2 so figurative 3 feminine singular suffix וְדַעְתֵךְ הִיא שׁוֺבְבָ֑תֶךְ Es 47,10 (of Babylonian ); — Jer 50,6 see
Qal. 4. shew turning = apostatize (compare Hiph`il 8), Perfect 3 feminine singular שׁוֺבְבָה Jer 8,5 (read שׁוֺבֵב, and strike out ירושׁלם, with ᵐ5). — See also שׁוֺבֵב infra. Pu`lal Participle feminine מְשׁוֺבֶ֫בֶת Ezk 38,8 a land restored + מִן of thing. — See also שׁוֺבָב infra.

Hiph`il353 Perfect 3 masculine singular 1 Mos 41,13 +; suffix וַהֲשִׁיבְֱ 1 Mos 40,13, וֶהֱשִׁיבְךָ 5 Mos 28,68 2 masculine singular הֱשִׁיבוֺתָ Sl 85,4, וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֫ 5 Mos 4,39; 5 Mos 30,1, suffix וַהֲשֵׁיבוֺתָם 2 Kron 6,25 1 singular consecutive וַהֲשִׁיב֫וֺתִי Amos 1,8, וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֫י 4 Mos 22,8 +, suffix וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים Zak 10,6 (but read וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים, see ישׁב Hiph`il), etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשִׁיב 2 Mos 21,34 +, (read יָשִׁב Dan 11,18; Dan 11,19 > Qr vDan 11,18 יָשֵׂם), וַיָּ֫שֶׁב 1 Mos 20,14 +; suffix יְשִׁבֵנִי 2 Sam 15,8 +, וַיְשִׁיבֵם 2 Kron 19,4 + 1 Sam 12,8 Vrss We Dr and others; 3 feminine plural תָּשֵׁבְנָה Job 20,10, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָשֵׁב 1 Mos 20,7 +, הָשֵׁיב 2 Kong 8,6, הָשַׁ֑ב Es 42,22, so הָשַׁ֖ב Ezk 21,35 (see Ke and still Toy; Ew Sm Krae Infinitive absolute הָשֵׁב), הָשִׁיבָה Dom 11,13 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָשֵׁב 2 Mos 23,4 +; construct הָשִׁיב 1 Mos 42,35 +, etc.; Participle מֵשִׁיב 1 Mos 20,7 +, etc.; — cause to return, bring back:

1. a. with accusative of person + אֶל location 1 Mos 24,5 (J; הֶהָשֵׁב אָשִׁיב), 1 Mos 28,15 (J), 1 Mos 42,37 (E), 1 Mos 48,21 (E), +; especially from exile 1 Kong 8,34 = 2 Kron 6,25; Jer 27,22 + 5 t. Jeremiah; + אֶל person 1 Kong 22,26 = 2 Kron 18,25 + עַל location Jer 16,15; Jer 23,3; Jer 24,6 + ל location Jer 12,15 + accusative of location 2 Sam 15,8 (read הָשֵׁב יְשִׁבֵנִי Vrss Th We Dr and others), 5 Mos 28,68; Ezk 29,14; Ezk 47,6; 2 Kron 33,13, etc.; + מִן local Jer 41,16; Zak 10,10, מֵאֵת person Jer 41,16, מִן infinitive 2 Kron 25,13 accusative of person only Dom 19,3; 1 Kong 13,20; 1 Kong 13,23 +; bring back into bondage, etc., Jer 34,11; Jer 34,16 = allow to return Jer 15,19 accusative of person + of thing (= recover, recapture), Jer 28,6 (+ אֶל location, מִן local); = recover, rescue, 1 Mos 14,16 (accusative of person + thing), Sl 35,17 (accusative נַפְשִׁי, מִן of thing); accusative of thing + אֶל person 1 Mos 44,8 (J), + עַל person 2 Mos 15,9 (song), Ord 20,26 + אֶל location 1 Kong 14,28 = 2 Kron 12,11; Jer 28,3; 2 Kron 24,11 accusative of hand, אֶלפֶּֿה 1 Sam 14,27; Ord 19,24; Ord 26,15 especially of ׳י's hand, in judgment, followed by עַל Amos 1,8; Es 1,25; Zak 13,7; Sl 81,15, also of man's hand Jer 6,9; Ezk 38,12 + accusative of location 2 Sam 15,25; 2 Sam 15,29 + שָׁם Neh 13,9 accusative of thing alone 1 Mos 43,12; 1 Mos 43,21 (both בְּיֶדְכֶם), 1 Mos 14,16 (= recapture), 1 Sam 6,21; 1 Sam 30,19; 1 Kong 13,29 (corpse), 3 Mos 26,26 (H); with accusative animal. 1 Sam 6,7 (מֵאַחֲרֵי), Ezk 34,4; Ezk 34,16 (figurative); shadow on dial 2 Kong 20,11 = Es 38,8. — Job 39,12 see Qal 3 b. b. put back: accusative of thing, stone, עַלפִּֿי הַבְּאֵר 1 Mos 29,3 (J), veil עַלפָּֿנָיו 2 Mos 34,35 (P), Dagon לִמְקוֺמוֺ 1 Sam 5,3, rod לִפְנֵי הָעֵדוּת 4 Mos 17,25 (P), sword, + אֶל of sheath, 1 Kron 21,27; Ezk 21,35 (accusative om); hand אֶלחֵֿיק 2 Mos 4,7 (twice in verse) (J; opposed to הוֺצִיא).
\ \ c. = draw back, hand 1 Mos 38,29 (J), 1 Kong 13,4 (opposed to שָׁלַךְ; + אֶל reflexive), Jos 8,26 (E; opposed to נטה), so, figurative, ׳י subject Klg 2,3 (מִפְּנֵי, אָחוֺר), Sl 74,11 with מִן = refrain from Klg 2,8; Ezk 18,8; Ezk 18,17 (i.e. from oppressing), Ezk 20,22 (מִן omitted); foot, with מִן Es 58,13 (figurative); draw in breath Job 9,18.
\ \ d. = give back, restore, accusative of person or thing: + ל person 1 Mos 20,14 (E), v1 Mos 20,7 (E; accusative omitted), 2 Mos 23,4 (E; הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיב), 5 Mos 22,1 (id.; both accusative animal.), 5 Mos 24,13 (id.), 2 Mos 22,25 (E), Dom 17,3 (twice in verse); Dom 17,4; 1 Sam 12,3; 2 Sam 9,7; 5 Mos 22,2 (P), Neh 5,11, so 2 Sam 16,3; 1 Kong 12,21 = 2 Kron 11,1 (all accusative of kingdom), with accusative צְדָקָה Job 33,26 + אֶל person 1 Mos 37,22 (E; accusative of person); + אֶל location 1 Mos 42,25 (E); accusative of thing only, 2 Kong 8,6; Ezk 18,7 (read Infinitive absolute שׁוֺב for חוֺב, Co Toy Krae), Ezk 18,12; Ezk 33,15; 3 Mos 5,33 (P), 4 Mos 5,7 (P; + בְּראֹשׁוֺ = in full), Sl 69,5 (opposed to גָּזַל), so of land (or city) Dom 11,13; 1 Kong 20,34; Neh 5,12, compare 2 Kong 14,28 (+ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל), 2 Kong 16,6 (+ לַאֲרָם); = win back 2 Kong 13,25; 2 Kong 14,22 (+ ל terr.) = 2 Kron 26,2, boundary (i.e. re-establish it) 2 Kong 14,25 restore ruined city Dan 9,25 (+ לִבְנוֺת), conquered nation Sl 80,4; Sl 80,8; Sl 80,20 joy, accusative + ל person Sl 51,14. — 2 Sam 8,3 see יָד
2. — Acc. person only, 1 Mos 20,7 (E), Es 42,22 restore to office, accusative of person + עַל 1 Mos 40,13; 1 Mos 40,21 (E), אֶל location 2 Sam 19,12, accusative of person only, 2 Sam 19,11; 2 Sam 19,13; 2 Sam 19,44, compare Es 1,26 = pay back money, 3 Mos 25,27 (ל person), v3 Mos 25,51 v3 Mos 25,52.
\ \ e. = relinquish, with accusative of thing, Job 20,10. feminine = give in payment, requital, with accusative of thing + apposition 1 Sam 6,8 (ל person), v1 Sam 6,17 (id.; compare טְחוֺד); also pay as tribute (in answer to demand), accusative of thing 2 Kong 17,3; Sl 72,10, + ל person 2 Kong 3,4; 2 Kron 27,5 give in exchange Ezk 27,15.
\ \ g. bring one back (from dead) 2 Sam 12,23, so with מִנִּי Job 33,20 on other hand, אֶלעָֿפָר Job 10,9 = מָוֶת (accusative) Job 30,23, compare עַדדַּֿכָּא Sl 90,3.
2. a. bring back heart, לֵב, עַל person Mal 3,24 אֵלֶיךָ ׳הֲשִׁיבֵנוּ י Klg 5,21 (< Bu retore, strike out אליד); ׳הֵשִׁיב אֶליֿ Neh 9,26 (compare vNeh 9,29), 2 Kron 19,4; 2 Kron 24,19, also (מִן of evil) Jer 23,22, absolute Jer 31,18.
\ \ b. accusative נֶפֶשׁ = refresh Klg 1,11; Klg 1,16; Klg 1,19; Sl 19,8; Ord 25,13; Rut 4,15.
3. bring back words of people, ׳אֶליֿ 2 Mos 19,8 (E); then, in general, bring back word, דָּבָר, report to, + accusative of person 1 Mos 37,14; 4 Mos 13,26; 4 Mos 22,8 (all E), 5 Mos 1,22; 5 Mos 1,25; Jos 14,7 (RD), Jos 22,32 (P), + 8 t; = answer 1 Sam 17,30; 2 Sam 3,11; 1 Kong 12,6 = 2 Kron 10,6 + 6 t., + (accusative מִלִּין) Job 35,4 also (דָּבָר omitted) Job 13,22; Job 20,2; Job 33,5; Job 33,32; 2 Kron 10,16; Neh 6,4 (כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה); accusative אֲמָרִים + ל person Dom 5,29; Ord 22,21 later with ל person alone 1 Sam 12,3 with clause oratio recta [direct speech], אֶל person Est 4,13; Est 4,15 similar phrases, Ezk 9,11; Ord 18,13; Ord 24,26; Ord 26,16; Hab 2,1; Job 31,14; Job 32,14 (Gi vJob 32,15), Job 40,4.
4. a. bring back (in retribution, compare Qal 7 f) upon, subject often ׳י, accusative of evil, Dom 9,56, בְּראֹשׁ Dom 9,5; 1 Sam 25,39; 1 Kong 2,44 Joel 1 Kong 4,4; 1 Kong 4,7, עַלרֿאֹשׁ 1 Kong 2,32, אֶלרֿאֹשׁ Neh 3,36 ל person 1 Mos 50,15 (E), 1 Sam 6,3 (הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיבוּ), v1 Sam 6,4; 1 Sam 25,31 (return evil for good), +, etc.; absolute = make requital, ל person 2 Kron 6,23 + (כ compare) Hos 12,3; Ord 24,12; Ord 24,29 with accusative of good, ל person 2 Sam 16,12; 2 Sam 26,23; with כ compare + ל person Sl 18,21; Sl 18,25 = 2 Sam 22,21; 2 Sam 22,25, and (כ compare only) 2 Kron 32,25 requite ׳י's benefits, accusative of thing + ׳לי Sl 116,12, compare 4 Mos 18,9 (P).
\ \ b. pay as recompense, לִבְעָלָיו ׳כֶּסֶף יָשׁ 2 Mos 21,34 (E); so (figurative) of ׳י, ננָקָם לְ ׳הֵשׁ 5 Mos 32,41; 5 Mos 32,43, בְּחֵמָה אַפּוֺ ׳לְהָשׁ Es 66,15.
5. turn back, backward = repel, defeat, with אֶתפְּֿנֵי 2 Kong 18,24 = Es 36,9, accusative מִלְחָמָה Es 28,6, accusative of sword Sl 89,44, accusative of person + אָחוֺר Sl 44,11 (+ מִנִּי person), Es 44,25 (figurative, = refute, confute), figurative of calamity Klg 1,13 = repulse, hinder Jer 2,24, especially accusative Es 14,27 (׳יַדיֿ), compare Es 43,13, Job 9,12; Job 11,10; Job 23,13 = reject, refuse, ׳(אֶתֿ)פְּנֵי פ 1 Kong 2,16; 1 Kong 2,17; 1 Kong 2,20 (twice in verse); 2 Kron 6,42; Sl 132,10.
6. a. turn away face, figurative, + מֵעַל of thing Ezk 14,6 accusative of person + מִן Mal 2,6 anger of ׳י (accusative) + מֵעַל person 4 Mos 25,11 (P), Ord 24,18, מִן person Jer 18,20; Ezr 10,14 accusative only, Job 9,13; Sl 78,38; Sl 106,23 accusative of human anger Ord 15,1; Ord 29,8.
\ \ b. late, turn toward, accusative face, ל location Dan 11,18; Dan 11,19, accusative foot, אֶל of thing Sl 119,59 (figurative).
7. turn against, אֶלאֵֿל, with accusative רוּחֶ֑ךָ Job 15,43.
8. אֶללֵֿבָב ׳הֵשׁ bring back to mind, take into consideration, with accusative Klg 3,21, followed by clause with כִּי 5 Mos 4,39 (compare Dr), object omitted 5 Mos 30,1; 1 Kong 8,47 = 2 Kron 6,37; Es 44,19, + (עַל) Es 46,8.
9. הֵשִׁיב ׳אֶתשְֿׁבוּת פ Jer 32,44; Jer 33,7; Jer 33,11; Jer 49,6; Klg 2,14; Ezk 39,25 + (Qr Hiph`il, Kt Qal) Jer 33,26; Jer 46,39; Joel 4,1 (see Qal 9).
10. Hiph`il declar., מֵעַל ׳הָשׁ Ezk 14,6 = shew a turning away from your idols (i.e. turn away), compare (מִן) Ezk 18,30, absolute וִחְיוּ ׳הָשׁ vEzk 18,32 of ׳י, מֵחֲרוֺן ׳השׁ אַפֶּ֑ךָ Sl 85,4 (but read probably ׳הֲשִׁיבוֺתה חֲרוֺן א [6 a above]); perhaps in physical sense Jon 1,13 (אֶל location; We Now that is אֳנִיָּה, etc.).
11. reverse, revoke, accusative (suffix) of thing, i.e. judgment, Amos 1,3; Amos 1,6; Amos 1,9; Amos 1,11; Amos 1,13; Amos 2,1; Amos 2,4; Amos 2,6 blessing 4 Mos 23,20 (poem in E), edict Est 8,5; Est 8,8.

Hoph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הוּשַׁב 1 Mos 42,28 my money has been returned! compare Participle הַכֶּסֶף הַמּוּשָׁב 1 Mos 43,12 (both J); ׳לי ׳הַמּ 4 Mos 5,8 (P) the אָשָׁם which is restored to ׳י; plural מוּשָׁבִים Jer 27,16 the vessels are about to be brought back, with מִן local; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיוּשַׁב אֶתמֿשֶׁה 2 Mos 10,8 (J; compare Ges«GKC:121a»§ 121 a, b) Moses was brought back, with אֶל person

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שׁוֺבָב BDB8505

I. שׁוֺבָב adjective backturning, recusant, apostate (perhaps for מְשׁוֺבָב, Participle Po`l. Ol§ 251 b Ges«GKC:52s»§ 52s Köi. 454); — ׳שׁ Es 57,17 plural שׁוּבוּ בָּנִים שׁוֺבָבִים Jer 3,14; Jer 3,22. — שׁובבים Jer 50,6 Kt < Qr שׁוֺבְבוּם ᵐ5 Comm., compare √ Po`l.

תּוּב BDB9995 · aramaisk

תּוּב verb return (ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew שׁוּב); —

Pe`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְתוּב, with עַל person, of brightness (זִיו) of face Dan 4,33 b, of knowledge v.Dan 4,31 v.Dan 4,33 a. Haph`el Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲתִיב Dan 2,14 3 masculine plural suffix הֲתִיבוּנָא Ezr 5,11 Imperfect 3 masculine plural יַהֲתִיבוּן Ezr 6,5, יְתִיבוּן (K§ 33, 2) Ezr 5,5 Infinitive suffix לַהֲתָבוּתָח Dan 3,16 —
1. restore, accusative of thing Ezr 6,5.
2. return (accusative of answer, etc.) Ezr 5,5; Ezr 5,11; Dan 3,16 (suffix Persian), ׳עֵטָא וּטְעֵם הֲת Dan 2,14.

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Kilder: F. Brown, S.R. Driver og C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain, i Eliran Wongs udgave (marvel.bible) med tekst fra Tim Morton (Bible Analyzer) og bibelhenvisninger ved Stephen Ku. Forekomster og ordklasser: BHSA (ETCBC). Lemma og translitteration: Strong's hebraiske ordliste.